Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1993 Modification of the GLEAMS Model to Incorporate Water Table and Subsurface Drainage. Manuel Reyes Reyes Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Reyes, Manuel Reyes, "Modification of the GLEAMS Model to Incorporate Water Table and Subsurface Drainage." (1993). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 5542. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/5542 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. 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Ann Arbor, MI 48106 MODIFICATION OF THE GLEAMS MODEL TO INCORPORATE WATER TABLE AND SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in Partial Fulfillment of the Doctor of Philosophy in The Interdepartmental Programs in Engineering by Manuel R. Reyes B.S., University of the Philippines at Los Banos, 1980 M.S., University of the Philippines at Los Banos, 1987 M.Phil., Cranfield Institute of Technology, England, 1989 May 1993 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I am writing this acknowledgement with a mixed emotion of joyfulness and sadness. Joyful, because I am about to attain one of my major ambitions in life. Sad, because I am about to be separated from my colleagues and friends who helped and encouraged me during my 3 V2 years sojourn at Louisiana State University. My heartfelt gratitude to my Major Professor, Dr. Richard L. Bengtson, for his excellent supervision, patience, respect, and friendship. Dr. Bengtson, "You made my work pleasurable." My sincere gratitude to my Co-Major Professor, Dr. James L. Fouss, Adjunct Professor of Agricultural Engineering, and Team Leader of the USDA- ARS Soil and Water Management Team, for his exemplary work ethic, technical supervision, friendship, and encouragement. I will miss the privilege of having my office next to him. Dr. Fouss, "Seeing you work propels me to work harder." I thank my Minor Professors, Dr. James F. Cruise, and Dr. David C. Blouin, and my other committee members, Dr. Hussein M. Selim and Dr. George D. Catalano, for their assistance in reviewing and editing my manuscript. To Dr. James S. Rogers, thank you for your warm technical assistance which were crucial in the formulations of the concepts and ideas in this thesis; and to the rest of the USDA-ARS management team, Mr. Cade E. Carter, Dr. Bert J. Hoff, Terry, Kelvin, Jack, and Shannon, thank you for your support. I am also grateful to the chairman, Dr. Lalit R. Verma, faculty, staff, and graduate students of the Department of Agricultural Engineering, who contributed in making the period of my study an enjoyable one. I am grateful for the financial support, and computer facilities provided by the Department of Agricultural Engineering, and the USDA-ARS. I am also thankful to the University of the Philippines at Los Banos for my study leave. My warm appreciation to my Filipino ’kababayans’, for their unique Filipino friendship. To my Malaysian office and sparring mate, Dr. Abdul Razak Saleh, thank you for your listening ear, encouragement, help, and friendship. My deep gratitude is extended to the two pastors, deacons, and members of the Trinity Baptist Church at Baton Rouge, for pointing me to depend upon the Chief Shepherd and Guardian of my soul, Jesus Christ, during times when the dark tunnel seemed not to end, and during times when the rainbow is in the sky. To the members of the Puritan Baptist Church at Los Banos, Philippines, and Flitwick Baptist Church in England, thank you for your priceless prayers. To my Pappy and Mommy, who are 10000 miles away from their youngest child, and to my 3 brothers and 5 sisters, I am indebted for your care, love, and support. To my loving, kind, and beautiful jewel, my wife Lorna, thank you for your understanding and patience during my moments of weakness, despair, frustration, anger, tiredness, joyfulness, success, and .... You even listened to me, as I put you to sleep with my technical explanations. To my son Micah, you have been my inspiration during my pursuits for my Master of Science, Master of Philosophy, and Doctor of Philosophy degrees, thank you for understanding and bearing with your Daddy. You even nagged me when I am not working at night, resigned to the disruptions caused by the preparation of this manuscript. Most of all, I am out of words to express my gratitude to the Sovereign God of the Holy Scriptures. Thou art the Creator and Sustainer of the universe, and I know that I am just searching for what You already know. I know that You hold my life and You have the power and right to take it. Thank You for the wisdom You have provided to me in this research. May it lead me and others to worship Thee. Every equation and algorithm I used in this modeling research pointed to the fact that You have planned, created, and ordered this vast and infinite universe. My Lord and my God! After studying H20 for the past twelve years, Your servant just scratched what needs to be known in hydrology. Truly, You are the Preeminent One who deserve the praise and glory forever, Amen. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .....................................................................................ii LIST OF TA B LE S............................................................................................ x LIST OF FIG URES............................................................................................xv ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................... xx CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................. 1 1.1 Objectives ................................................................................... 1 1.2 GLEAMS Testing ........................................................................ 2 1.3 Related Research ........................................................................ 3 1.3.1 CREAMS-WT ............................................................... 4 1.3.2 DRAINMOD-CREAMS................................................. 5 1.3.3 A D A P T .......................................................................... 6 2 MODEL VALIDATION ........................................................................ 9 2.1 Least Squares ............................................................................ 9 2.2 Cumulative ................................................................................. 11 2.3 Acceptable Error Range .......................................................... 12 2.4 'Average Deviation’ and ‘Standard Error’ .............................. 12 2.5 Mean, Average Deviation and Standard Deviation of the Differences ............................................................................ 14 3 THE GLEAMS MODEL ................................................................... 15 3.1 Hydrology ................................................................................. 15 3.1.1 Surface Runoff .......................................................... 16 3.1.2 Percolation ................................................................. 19 v Page 3.1.3 Evapotranspiration ..................................................... 20 3.1.3.1 Estimating Potential Evapotranspiration . 22 3.1.3.2 Estimating Soil Evaporation and Potential Plant Transpiration ..................................... 23 3.1.3.3 Applications of the Ritchie M e th