Make a difference by being the difference Discover how we turn local involvement into global impact GLOBAL CITIZEN FOUNDATION Global Citizen Foundation supports education research and empowers sustainable development around the world. To find out more about us or to join our cause, please visit www.global-citizen.org. DashwooD house, LeveL 17, 69 oLD BroaD street, LonDon eC2M 1Qs, uniteD KingDoM Involve. Evolve. Empower. t +44 207 256 4209 F +44 207 256 4122 WORLD HERITAGE No. 72 WHC cover 72_WHC 30/04/14 15:46 Page1 ach year, the special issue of World Heritage coinciding with the annual World Heritage editorial Committee session gives us the opportunity to focus on the heritage of a particular Ecountry or region. This year the 38th session of the Committee is hosted by the State of Qatar so we are taking a closer look at the cultural and natural heritage of this country, which Special Issue World Heritage deserves to be better known. in Qatar While Qatar adopted the World Heritage Convention in 1984, its first site was inscribed on the World Heritage List in 2013. Al Zubarah Archaeological Site is an excellent example US$9 £6 ¥850 € 7,50 of a fortified town linked to other settlements for the pearl trade, and was a key point in the June 2014 No. 72 • ISSN 1020-4202 development of urban centres in the 18th and 19th centuries in the Gulf region. Several articles 3 059630 101721 World Heritage present the history of this remarkable site and the archaeological works undertaken to shed Cover: Al Zubarah Archaeological Site, Qatar light on its development and significance to the region. In addition, we cover the natural site on Qatar’s Tentative List, Khor Al-Adaid, known as the Inland Sea. This breathtakingly beautiful site is a large tidal embayment with a lagoonal structure. We also discover the archaeological heritage of pre-Islamic Qatar, and the joint Qatari-German research project involving archaeological surveys and excavations in the south of the country. Further articles present mysterious rock carvings, including ‘board games’; the challenges of heritage preservation in the face of urban development; and the Old Palace of Doha, currently under restoration to become the central point of the new National Museum of Qatar. Qatar is committed to developing its rich cultural life through many aspects, whether art, music, festivals, activities and especially institutions, including museums. In this way, culture becomes not only an aspect of the identity of the Qatari people, but a powerful vector for sustainable economic growth and an effective means to create ties with other peoples and cultures, uniting and educating along the way. We are pleased to publish an interview with H.E. Sheikha Al Mayassa Bint Hamad Bin Khalifa Al Thani, Chair of the World Heritage Committee and Chair of Qatar Museums Authority, where she describes the critical role of culture as a driver of education and the economy in her country. I would like to thank the authorities of the State of Qatar for generously hosting the 38th session of the World Heritage Committee, which is sure to be an effective and meaningful contribution to preserving our World Heritage. Kishore Rao Director of the UNESCO World Heritage Centre Contents Quarterly magazine published jointly in English, French and Spanish, by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Paris, France and Publishing For Development Ltd., London, United Kingdom. Editorial Director Kishore Rao Director, UNESCO World Heritage Centre Managing Editor Vesna Vujicic-Lugassy Editors Special Issue Helen Aprile, Gina Doubleday, Michael Gibson World Heritage Publisher Richard Forster in Qatar 11 Production Editor Caroline Fort Message by Irina Bokova, Director-General of UNESCO 5 Copy Editors Caroline Lawrence (English), Brigitte Strauss (French), Luisa Futoransky (Spanish) Interview with H.E. Sheikha Al Mayassa Bint Hamad Bin Khalifa Editorial Board Al Thani, Chair of the Board of Trustees ICCROM: Joseph King, ICOMOS: Regina Durighello, of the Qatar Museums Authority 6 IUCN: Tim Badman, UNESCO World Heritage Centre: Nada Al Hassan, Giovanni Boccardi, Guy Debonnet, Feng Jing, Karalyn Monteil, 18th-century Al Zubarah and the César Moreno-Triana, Mechtild Rössler, Petya genesis of the modern Gulf region Totcharova, UNESCO Publishing: Ian Denison Archaeological perspectives 8 Al Zubarah can be seen as an example of Editorial Assistant 20 the small independent states that were Barbara Blanchard founded and flourished in the 18th and Advertising early 19th centuries outside the control Fernando Ortiz, Peter Warren of the Ottoman, European and Persian empires. Cover Photo: Qatar Museums Authority Design: Recto Verso Preserving and presenting Al Zubarah Archaeological Site 20 Editorial Staff The site is composed of wall fragments World Heritage Centre, UNESCO and features covered by collapse of 7, Place de Fontenoy, 75007 Paris superstructures and windblown sand. Tel. (33.1) 45 68 16 60 – Fax (33.1) 45 68 55 70 E-mail: [email protected] INTERNET: http://whc.unesco.org 33 Zubarah, the Gulf and local and international trade 30 Advertisements, production Archaeological analyses of different Publishing for Development sites have documented patterns of trade 145-157 St John Street - London EC1V 4PY - UK Tel: +44 2032 866610 - Fax:+44 2075 262173 stemming back millennia between the upper E-mail: [email protected] Gulf, areas around Hormuz and further east towards the Indian subcontinent. Subscriptions Jean De Lannoy, DL Services sprl Avenue du Roi 202 - B 1190 Brussels - Belgium Khor Al-Adaid Nature Reserve Tel: +32 2 538 43 08 - Fax:+32 2 538 0841 Qatar’s globally unique Inland Sea 38 E-mail: [email protected] The Inland Sea is an area of breathtaking beauty in a unique wilderness area. The authors are responsible for the choice and the presentation of the facts 40 contained in the articles and for the opinions expressed therein, which are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization. The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Published by Publishing for Development Ltd., London, United Kingdom. ISSN: 1020-4202. © UNESCO – Publishing for Development Ltd. 2014 WORLD HERITAGE No. 72 41 51 Archaeological heritage of pre-Islamic Qatar 44 Archaeological research reveals a long history of human activity on the Qatar peninsula. The rock carvings of Qatar 54 Carvings were first recorded in 1957. Subsequent research revealed at least thirty-eight known sites around the country. The Old Palace of Doha Conservation and rehabilitation 64 The Old Palace of Sheikh Abdullah bin Jassim, the father of modern Qatar, is one of the most important monuments in the country. 59 68 Between heritage and urban development Challenges for the management of cultural heritage in Qatar 70 The remarkable urban development that is in full swing in Qatar poses a great challenge to authorities, entities and professionals who are responsible for the safeguarding, conservation and management of heritage. 74 Joint Qatari-German project Exploration and visualization of cultural heritage in south Qatar 76 The joint project was initiated with the aim of undertaking archaeological surveys and excavations in Qatar and to train Qatari and German students in archaeological fieldwork in Qatar. Subscription Form 89 Next Issue 93 80 Download the World Heritage app Available for iPad, Android and Kindle Fire tablets. World Heritage would like to thank the staff of Qatar Museums With the app, not only can you read exclusive Authority, and especially Professor Thomas Leisten, for their articles written by experts on the ground, but see invaluable contribution to the preparation of this special issue. videos of the world’s most spectacular sites. The images illustrating the articles are the property of the authors, Download the World Heritage magazine app from unless otherwise indicated. iTunes, Amazon and Google Play. NIO M O UN IM D R T IA A L • P • W L O A I R D L D N H O E M R I E TA IN G O E • M PATRI PUBLISHINGPFD FOR DEVELOPMENT United Nations World Heritage Educational, Scientific and ConventionHeritage UNESCO Publishing Cultural Organization UNESCO Publishing United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 7, place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, France • www.unesco.org/publishing Fax: +33 1 45 68 57 37 • E-mail: [email protected] The World’s Heritage A Guide to all 981 UNESCO World Heritage Sites the World’s Updated 3rd edition Heritage n A guide to all 981 UNESCO World Heritage sites The World’s Heritage is the ultimate book for those interested in the world’s wonders, those wishing to traverse the globe, and for those who would like to understand the planet better. n This unique guide to all 981 UNESCO World Heritage sites is illustrated with over 650 stunning full-colour photographs and location maps for every site. n The prestigious list includes some of the most celebrated and breathtaking places on earth, for example, the ancient 24,00 € Nabatean city of Petra in Jordan, the legendary Acropolis in 896 pp with colour photographs Athens, the Great Barrier Reef in Australia and Machu Picchu 21 x 16 cm (paperback) ISBN 978-92-3-104257-7 (the ‘Lost City of the Incas’), in Peru. The sites added to the List in UNESCO Publishing / HarperCollins 2013 are included in the book. To order, please contact Jean De Lannoy, DL Services sprl, Avenue du Roi 202, B 1190 Brussels, Belgium Tel.: (+ 32) 2 538 43 08 - Fax: (+ 32) 2 538 08 41 E-mail: [email protected] Postage by ordinary mail: Europe: € 5.50.