Project No. 2014-122: Mitigating and reversing the side-effects of environmental legislation on Ro-Ro shipping in Northern Europe Deliverable on Task 2.1: Report on the outcome of Task 2.1 Scenarios defined and data collected in the context of Task 2.1 Due date of deliverable: Month 7 (15 January 2016) Actual submission date: 15 January 2016 Document status: Public1 Authors: Thalis Zis, Postdoc, DTU Transport [email protected] Harilaos N. Psaraftis, Professor, DTU Transport [email protected] Jacob Kronbak, Associate Professor, DTU Transport [email protected] 1 Original status of document was confidential. Document was declassified on 26 July 2017. Confidential data in the document are shown as “xx”. 1 Acknowledgments We would like to thank Poul Woodall of DFDS for his overall assistance in this project, including his comments on a previous version of this document. Also we would like to thank the other members of the project’s Advisory Committee, Mogens Schrøder Bech of the Danish Maritime Authority, Tom Elmer Christensen of Danske Havne, and Maria Bruun Skipper of the Danish Shipowners Association, for their constructive engagement and advice as regards the project. Last but not least, we thank George Panagakos, PhD student at DTU Transport, for his comments on a previous version of this document. DISCLAIMER The photographs of vessels in this report are originating from the DFDS company websites where the fleet is presented. 2 Table of Contents Table of Contents .............................................................................................................................................. 3 1 Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................... 5 2 Introduction: Purpose of this document ..................................................................................................... 7 3 Background .............................................................................................................................................. 11 3.1 Freight Transport in Europe ............................................................................................................ 11 3.2 The environmental impact of maritime transport ............................................................................ 11 3.3 Abatement technologies, market response, and fuel availability..................................................... 13 4 The DFDS network, fleet, and abatement technology ............................................................................. 20 4.1 The DFDS network .......................................................................................................................... 20 4.2 Vessels deployed and abatement technologies ................................................................................ 21 5 Route selection criteria ............................................................................................................................ 23 5.1 Geographical Balance ...................................................................................................................... 23 5.2 Chain configuration ......................................................................................................................... 23 5.3 Volume ............................................................................................................................................ 25 5.4 Commodity mixture ......................................................................................................................... 26 5.5 Vessel types ..................................................................................................................................... 26 6 North Sea Routes ..................................................................................................................................... 27 6.1 Amsterdam (Ijmuiden) – Newcastle ................................................................................................ 27 6.2 Gothenburg-Brevik-Immingham ..................................................................................................... 28 6.3 Gothenburg-Ghent-Brevik ............................................................................................................... 30 6.4 Copenhagen - Oslo .......................................................................................................................... 33 6.5 Cuxhaven - Immingham .................................................................................................................. 34 6.6 Esbjerg - Immingham ...................................................................................................................... 35 6.7 Rosyth - Zeebrugge ......................................................................................................................... 36 6.8 Rotterdam - Felixstowe ................................................................................................................... 37 6.9 Rotterdam - Immingham ................................................................................................................. 38 6.10 Summary of North Sea Routes ........................................................................................................ 39 7 BALTIC SEA ROUTES .......................................................................................................................... 40 7.1 Kiel-Ust Luga – St. Petersburg ........................................................................................................ 40 7.2 Klaipeda-Copenhagen-Frederecia ................................................................................................... 41 7.3 Klaipeda-Karlshamn ........................................................................................................................ 43 7.4 Klaipeda-Kiel .................................................................................................................................. 44 7.5 Paldiski - Kapellskär ........................................................................................................................ 45 3 7.6 Summary of Baltic Sea routes ......................................................................................................... 45 8 Cross Channel Routes .............................................................................................................................. 47 8.1 Dover-Calais .................................................................................................................................... 47 8.2 Dover-Dunkirk ................................................................................................................................ 48 8.3 Dieppe-Newhaven ........................................................................................................................... 49 8.4 Summary and selection of Dover-Calais ......................................................................................... 49 9 Mediterranean and Shut-Down Routes .................................................................................................... 50 9.1 French – Mediterranean Route ........................................................................................................ 50 9.2 Harwich – Esbjerg ........................................................................................................................... 50 9.3 Portsmouth – Le Havre .................................................................................................................... 51 9.4 Klaipeda – Travemünde................................................................................................................... 51 9.5 Summary of miscellaneous routes ................................................................................................... 51 10 Data collection summary ..................................................................................................................... 52 10.1 Data sources ..................................................................................................................................... 52 10.2 Data on maritime mode ................................................................................................................... 52 10.3 Other ship data ................................................................................................................................. 57 10.4 Data on road mode and description of the network model .............................................................. 58 11 Concluding remarks ............................................................................................................................. 63 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................................ 64 Appendix I ...................................................................................................................................................... 66 4 1 Executive Summary Task 2.1 (entitled “Scenario definition and data collection”) of the project comprises of two main objectives: the definition of the main routes to be examined, and the data collection process for the subsequent analyses. The project’s first Advisory Committee (AC) meeting took place on 28/9/2015 and the DTU team’s proposal for the scenario