82 Butlletí de la Institució Catalana d’Història Natural 82 Barcelona 2018 Butlletí de la Institució Catalana d’HistòriaButlletí de la Institució Catalana Natural 2018 Butlletí de la Institució Catalana d’Història Natural, 82: 3-4. 2018 ISSN 2013-3987 (online edition): ISSN: 1133-6889 (print edition)3 nota BREU NOTA BREU Torymus sinensis Kamijo, 1982 (Hymenoptera, Torymidae) has arrived in Spain Torymus sinensis Kamijo, 1982 (Hymenoptera, Torymidae) ha arribat a Espanya Juan Luis Jara-Chiquito* & Juli Pujade-Villar* * Universitat de Barcelona. Facultat de Biologia. Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals (Secció invertebrats). Diagonal, 643. 08028 Barcelona (Catalunya). A/e: [email protected], [email protected] Rebut: 25.11.2017. Acceptat: 12.12.2017. Publicat: 08.01.2018 a b Figure 1. SEM pictures of Torymus sinensis collected in Catalonia: (a) male antenna, (b) female habitus. Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu, 1951 (Hym., Cynipi- untries took this initiative as well: France from 2011-2013 dae), an Oriental pest in chestnut (Castanea spp), was detect- (Borowiec et al., 2014), Croatia and Hungary in 2014-2015 ed for the first time in the Iberian Peninsula in 2012 (Pujade- (Matoševič et al., 2015) and Slovenia in 2015 (Matošević et Villar et al., 2013). It was introduced accidentally in Europe, al., 2015). Once released this species does not only occupy via Italy in 2002, according to (Brussino et al., 2002). the area of liberation but spreads into others due to its gre- Torymus sinensis Kamijo, 1982 (Fig. 1) is a parasitoid, nati- at mobility. There have been some test-releases in Spain and ve from China, and a specific species attackingD. kuriphilus. Portugal as well (Paparella et al., 2016). In the case of Spain, It has already been used in America and Oriental Palaearctic these tests were carried out in the South (Andalusia) and the successfully. In Europe, the first releases of this species took Northwest (Galicia and Asturias) of the country, according to place in Italy in 2005 (Quacchia et al., 2008) which also ser- Gerardo Sánchez Peña (pers. com., Biocastanea-2017).. ved as a testing ground. Among the many studies conducted Torymus sinensis has shown high dispersal ability, spre- in Italy with T. sinensis, Matošević et al. (2015) mention that ading over short distance by active flight and over long dis- after 6-7 years parasitism, this parasitoid reduced the popula- tance aided by wind, being able to cover more than 70 km in tions of D. kuriphilus to tolerable levels (infestation less than only a few days (Colombari & Battisti, 2015). In the northe- 30 %). Later, several years after releasing T. sinensis in Italy ast of the Iberian Peninsula, the locations where T. sinensis and probably pressured by tree economic losses, different co- were collected emerging (in 2016) from D. kuriphilus galls Butlletí ICHN 82, 2018 4 J. L. JARA-CHIQUITO & J. PUJADE-VILLAR NOTA BREU Bibliography BARTLETT, D. 2016. Viewpoint: Partnerships in action – Europe and beyond. Inpractice [Bulletin of the Chartered Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management. CIEEM (Chartered Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management)], 94: 13-15. BOROWIEC, N., THAON, M., BRANCACCIO, L., WAROT, S., VERCKEN, E., FAUVERGUE, X., RIS, N. & MALAUSA, J. C. 2014. Classical biological control against the chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) in France. Plant Protection Quarterly, 29 (1): 7-10. BRUSSINO, G., BOSIO, G., BAUDINO, M., GIORDANO, R., RAMELLO, F. & MELIKA, G. 2002. Nuovo cinipide galligeno in Piemonte. Pericoloso insetto esotico per il castagno europeo. L’Informatore Agrario, 37: 59-61. COLOMBARI, F. & BATTISTI, A. 2015. Spread of the introduced biocontrol agent Torymus sinensis in north-eastern Italy: dispersal through active flight or assisted by wind?Biocontrol , 61: 127-139. MATOŠEVIĆ, D., LACKOVIČ, N., MELIKA, G., KOS, K., FRANIČ, I., KRISTON, E., BOZSO, M., SELJAK, G. & ROT, Figure 2. Distribution of Castanea sativa in Eastern Europe (obtained M. 2015. Biological control of invasive Dryocosmus kuriphilus from http://www.euforgen.org/fileadmin/templates/euforgen.org/upload/ with introduced parasitoid Torymus sinensis in Croatia, Slovenia Documents/Maps/JPG/Castanea_sativa.jpg) including the points of T. sinensis release in France (obtained from https://www6.inra.fr/cynips- and Hungary. Periodicum Biologorum, 117: 471-477. chataignier/Principaux-resultats) and the point where this parasitoid was MATOŠEVIĆ, D., LACKOVIČ, N., KOS, K., KRISTON, E., collected in Dryocosmus kuriphilus Catalonian galls. MELIKA, G., ROT, M. & PERNEK, M. 2017a. Success of classical biocontrol agent Torymus sinensis within its expanding range in Europe. Journal of Applied Entomology, 141 (9): 758-767. are: Olot (La Garrotxa, Girona): 12 ♀ 9 ♂; Celrà (El Gironès, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.12388. Girona): 13 ♀ 5 ♂; and Montseny (La Selva, Girona): 5 ♀ MATOŠEVIĆ, D., MUJEZINOVIĆ, O. & DAUTBAŠIĆ, M. 2017b. First record of biocontrol agent Torymus sinensis 1 ♂. All these localities are around 300-400 km far from the (Hymenoptera; Torymidae) in Bosnia and Herzegovina. South- closest T. sinensis releasing sites in France (Fig. 2). Conside- east European forestry, 8 (2): 147-149. DOI: https://doi. ring the data mentioned above, they have had enough time to org/10.15177/seefor.17-14. reach the Catalan territory (4-7 years), so we have no doubt PAPARELLA F., FERRACINI C., PORTALURI A., MANZO A. that this has been the most possible way for T. sinensis to & ALMA, A. 2016. Biological control of the chestnut gall wasp reach Catalonia. We must also keep in mind that the border with T. sinensis: a mathematical model. Ecological Modelling, between Spain and France is a windy place where the heights 338: 17-36. of the mountains (via Girona near the sea) are by no means PUJADE-VILLAR, J., TORRELL, A. & ROJO, M. 2013. Primeres in any case a geographical barrier, while winds are strong troballes a la península Ibèrica de Dryocosmus kuriphilus (Hym., Cynipidae), una espècie de cinípid d’origen asiàtic altament and abundant in this mentioned area. We must also menti- perillosa per al castanyer (Fagaceae). Orsis, 27: 295-301. on that cinipids (and by extension Chalcidoidea) can travel QUACCHIA, A., MORIYA, S., BOSIO, G., SCAPIN, I. & ALMA, long distances thanks to air currents; Ros-Farré & Pujade-Vi- A. 2008. Rearing, release and settlement prospect in Italy of llar (1988) showed that Plagiotrochus amenti Kieffer, 1901 Torymus sinensis, the biological control agent of the chestnut gall (Hym.: Cynipidae) was displaced off in an annuity about 200 wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus. BioControl, 53: 829-839. km. On the other hand, a nearly continuous distribution of C. ROS-FARRÉ, P. & PUJADE-VILLAR, J. 1998. Estudio mediante sativa with presence of D. kuriphilus favours the implantati- una trampa Malaise de la comunidad de cinípidos cecidógenos e on of T. sinensis in areas far from the liberation site (Fig. 2). inquilinos de Santa Coloma, Andorra (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae). In fact, the present populations of T. sinensis in Hungary are Ecología, 12: 441-454. due not only because of the releasing but also by the natural migrating of specimens from Italy (Matošević et al., 2017a). Records of T. sinensis in countries where no release has yet been made have already been mentioned in Switzerland in 2013, in England in 2015 (Bartlett, 2016), in Bosnia and Her- zegovina in 2016 (Matošević et al., 2017b) and now (since 2016) in Catalonia (Girona province). Acknowledgements We thank Dick Askew for sending us some specimens of Torymus sinensis to compare with our material. Butlletí ICHN 82, 2018 Butlletí de la Institució Catalana d’Història Natural, 82: 5-7. 2018 ISSN 2013-3987 (online edition): ISSN: 1133-6889 (print edition)5 nota BREU NOTA BREU Notes sobre plantes aŀlòctones al NE de Catalunya, amb especial atenció a males herbes dels arrossars Notes on alien plants in NE Catalonia, with special attention to weeds of rice fields Lluís Vilar*, Jordi Bou Manobens*, Josep Gesti* & Joan Font** * LAGP-Flora i Vegetació. Institut de Medi Ambient. Universitat de Girona. Campus Montilivi. 17003 Girona. ** Grup de Recerca en Biodiversitat. Ecologia, Tecnologia i Gestió Ambiental (BETA). Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVIC-UCC). Campus Torre dels Frares. C/ de la Laura, 13. 08500 Vic. Autor per a la correspondència: [email protected] Rebut: 05.12.2017. Acceptat: 29.01.2018. Publicat: 28.02.2018 Es donen noves cites de plantes aŀlòctones rares o poc ci- 1989). Després es va anar enrarint i fins i tot es va donar tades a Catalunya. Alguns d’aquests tàxons s’han recoŀlectat per extingida en algunes d’aquestes localitats (Bolòs et al., en arrossars de l’Empordà i són plantes de les quals no es 1993), però des de fa uns anys s’ha tornat a expandir a Cata- tenia coneixement de la seva presència o bé no s’havien re- lunya (Álvarez et al., 2016; Batriu et al., 2012; Curcó, 2007), trobat en els darrers anys. a tota la península ibèrica i fins i tot a les Illes Balears (Sáez et al., 2011). Aquesta planta creix als marges dels arrossars, Diplachne fusca Roem. & Schult. subsp. uninervia (J. Presl) però també es fa a les vores dels embassaments, com el de P.M. Peterson & N. Snow [Leptochloa fusca subsp. uni­ Sau (Batriu et al., 2012), on aprofita els sòls fangosos humits nervia (J. Presl) N. Snow] que es formen a finals d’estiu, ja que és una espècie que flo- Alt Empordà: Castelló d’Empúries, arrossars a les closes de reix pel setembre i octubre. De l’Alt Empordà n’existeix un la Gallinera, EG0575, 3 m, 28-VII-2017, L. Vilar & J. Bou plec a l’herbari Vayreda de Figueres sense data i una cita de Casasayas (1989) a Sant Pere Pescador, però la planta no fou (HGI 23811). retrobada posteriorment (Gesti, 2006). Segons la revisió taxonòmica de Snow et al.