D3.1. State of the Art FUSE-IT Editors: Son Han, Shohreh Ahvar, Noël Crespi, Reza Farahbakhsh, Bahram Alinia (IMT-TSP) Contributors: CCS, CEA-LIST, Evoleo, ICAM, iMINDS, IMT-TSP, ISEP/GCAD, SOGETI, Thales Services, ULR Reviewer: Hélia POUYLLAU (Thales RT) Draft history V.0.1.0 15 Dec 2014 Initial Version (Reviewed by Thales RT) V.1.0.0 30 Jan 2015 Release 1 - Revisions needed: - 3.1.4. Physical Detection and Anti-intrusion Sensors [Thales Services - Introduction] - 3.3.3. Network Operation Centers (NOC) [CCS - Solutions & Products] - 3.4.3. Security Operation Centers (SOC) [CCS – Figure 3.4.4, Situation awareness, limitation of SIEM and/or ad-hoc orchestrator] - 4.1.3. Internet of Things Alliances [SOGETI, technical details] V.1.0.1 30 May 2015 - Revisions needed as in V.1.0.0 - Added Smart Grid and Smart Grid Standards (ISEP/GECAD) - Updated 4.1.3 Internet of Things Alliances (SOGETI) V. Final 22 June 2015 - Updated 3.1.1 Smart Energy sensors, 3.2.2 Building Automation & SCADA (ICAM) - Updated 4.1.3 Internet of Things Alliances (SOGETI) V.Update 8 August 2015 - Added 4.4 Security Standards (IMT) - Updated 4.2.1 Building Automation Standards (IMT) - Added 3.4.1 Smart meters and cyber security (Thales Services) - Added 3.1.3 Heterogeneous traffic data , 3.1.4 Opportunistic spectrum access sensors and 3.4.3 Attacks and threats in IoT (ULR) <FUSE-IT> D3.1. State of the Art Table of Contents 1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Overview .................................................................................................................................. 6 1.2 FUSE-IT Components ............................................................................................................. 7 2 Related Projects ............................................................................................................................... 8 2.1 ITEA2 – ViCoMo ...................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 FUI3 – MOBISIC ...................................................................................................................... 9 2.3 EU FP7 - SECUR-ED .............................................................................................................. 9 2.4 Other Projects ........................................................................................................................ 10 2.5 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................. 12 3 Related Technological Development ............................................................................................. 13 3.1 Smart Sensors ....................................................................................................................... 13 3.1.1 Smart Energy Sensors ...................................................................................................... 13 3.1.2 Physical Detection and Anti-intrusion Sensors .................................................................. 16 3.1.3 Heterogeneous traffic data ................................................................................................ 20 3.1.4 Opportunistic spectrum access sensors ............................................................................ 21 3.2 Smart Networks ..................................................................................................................... 22 3.2.1 Smart Grids and Micro-Grids ............................................................................................. 22 3.2.2 Building Automation and SCADA ...................................................................................... 36 3.3 Management Systems ........................................................................................................... 40 3.3.1 Energy monitoring.............................................................................................................. 40 3.3.2 Multi-agent Systems for Building Management Systems .................................................. 45 3.3.3 Network Operation Centers (NOC).................................................................................... 48 3.3.4 Site security supervision systems ...................................................................................... 50 3.4 Security Management ............................................................................................................ 50 3.4.1 Smart meters and cyber security ....................................................................................... 50 3.4.2 Security Operation Centers (SOC) .................................................................................... 52 3.4.3 Attacks and threats in IoT .................................................................................................. 59 3.5 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................. 61 4 Standards ....................................................................................................................................... 62 4.1 Internet of Things ................................................................................................................... 62 4.1.1 oneM2M ............................................................................................................................. 62 4.1.2 IETF Working Groups on IoT ............................................................................................. 64 4.1.3 Internet of Things Alliances ............................................................................................... 69 4.2 Building Automation and Energy ........................................................................................... 73 2 <FUSE-IT> D3.1. State of the Art 4.2.1 Building Automation Standards ......................................................................................... 73 4.2.2 Energy Related Standards ................................................................................................ 77 4.2.3 Standards Related to Sensors Network Technologies Applied to Physical Security ........ 77 4.3 Smart Grid ............................................................................................................................. 78 4.4 Security Standards ................................................................................................................ 80 4.5 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................. 81 3 <FUSE-IT> D3.1. State of the Art List of Figures Figure 3.1.1-1 Technology bricks – legacy systems ............................................................................... 7 Figure 3.1.1-2 Overview on Fuse-IT Building System ............................................................................. 7 Figure 3.1.1-1 ViCoMo site security supervision system ........................................................................ 8 Figure 3.1.1-1 MOBISIC supervision control station ............................................................................... 9 Figure 3.1.1-1 Repartition of energy consumption in buildings ............................................................. 15 Figure 3.1.2-1 Operation scheme of the Pulse-Doppler radar .............................................................. 16 Figure 3.1.2-2 Example of mobile radar ................................................................................................ 17 Figure 3.1.2-3 Implementation example of Laser Scanner ................................................................... 18 Figure 3.1.2-4 Face detection ............................................................................................................... 18 Figure 3.1.2-5 Example of implementation: (a) infrared barriers, (b) microwave barriers .................... 19 Figure 3.1.2-6 Detection scheme of an impact detector ....................................................................... 20 Figure 3.2.1-1 Rise of the peak intensity in the last decade in France ................................................. 22 Figure 3.2.1-2 The evolution of the electricity circulation [CRE] ........................................................... 24 Figure 3.2.1-3 The Smart Grid characteristics and requirements [6] .................................................... 28 Figure 3.2.1-4 Example of Microgrid system [MIC5] ............................................................................. 30 Figure 3.2.1-5 Smart Grid and Microgrid operation ............................................................................... 31 Figure 3.2.2-1 A generalized view of a building automation system ..................................................... 37 Figure 3.2.2-2 - Automation architecture. (source :Rexroth, Bosh Group). .......................................... 37 Figure 3.2.2-3 - System topology within the Kieback&Peter Company (source Kieback&Peter GmbH & Co. KG) .................................................................................................................................................. 38 Figure 3.2.2-4 - System topology of DESIGO BAS from Siemens (source SOA BaaS) ....................... 38 Figure 3.2.2-5 - BACnet architecture. Steven