Family: Arecaceae Taxon: Asterogyne martiana Synonym: Asterogyne minor Burret Common Name: pata de gallo Geonoma martiana H.Wendl. capoca Geonoma trifurcata Oerst. Questionaire : current 20090513 Assessor: Chuck Chimera Designation: EVALUATE Status: Assessor Approved Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 1 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? y=1, n=-1 103 Does the species have weedy races? y=1, n=-1 201 Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If island is primarily wet habitat, then (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High high) (See Appendix 2) 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 y 204 Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates y=1, n=0 y 205 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 ? 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2), n= question 205 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 n 402 Allelopathic y=1, n=0 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable to grazing animals y=1, n=-1 405 Toxic to animals y=1, n=0 n 406 Host for recognized pests and pathogens y=1, n=0 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans y=1, n=0 n 408 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems y=1, n=0 n 409 Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle y=1, n=0 y 410 Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions (or limestone conditions if not a volcanic island) y=1, n=0 Print Date: 1/17/2013 Asterogyne martiana (Arecaceae) Page 1 of 7 411 Climbing or smothering growth habit y=1, n=0 n 412 Forms dense thickets y=1, n=0 y 501 Aquatic y=5, n=0 n 502 Grass y=1, n=0 n 503 Nitrogen fixing woody plant y=1, n=0 n 504 Geophyte (herbaceous with underground storage organs -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) y=1, n=0 n 601 Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native habitat y=1, n=0 n 602 Produces viable seed y=1, n=-1 y 603 Hybridizes naturally y=1, n=-1 604 Self-compatible or apomictic y=1, n=-1 605 Requires specialist pollinators y=-1, n=0 n 606 Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation y=1, n=-1 n 607 Minimum generative time (years) 1 year = 1, 2 or 3 years = 0, 4+ years = -1 701 Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants growing in heavily trafficked y=1, n=-1 n areas) 702 Propagules dispersed intentionally by people y=1, n=-1 y 703 Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant y=1, n=-1 n 704 Propagules adapted to wind dispersal y=1, n=-1 n 705 Propagules water dispersed y=1, n=-1 706 Propagules bird dispersed y=1, n=-1 y 707 Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally) y=1, n=-1 n 708 Propagules survive passage through the gut y=1, n=-1 y 801 Prolific seed production (>1000/m2) y=1, n=-1 n 802 Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (>1 yr) y=1, n=-1 803 Well controlled by herbicides y=-1, n=1 804 Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation, cultivation, or fire y=1, n=-1 805 Effective natural enemies present locally (e.g. introduced biocontrol agents) y=-1, n=1 Designation: EVALUATE WRA Score 1 Print Date: 1/17/2013 Asterogyne martiana (Arecaceae) Page 2 of 7 Supporting Data: 101 2003. Stauffer, F.W./Asmussen, C.B./Henderson, [Is the species highly domesticated? No evidence] A./Endress, P.K.. A Revision of Asterogyne (Arecaceae: Arecoideae: Geonomeae). Brittonia. 55(4): 326-356. 102 2013. WRA Specialist. Personal Communication. NA 103 2013. WRA Specialist. Personal Communication. NA 201 2003. Stauffer, F.W./Asmussen, C.B./Henderson, [Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) 2-High] "Widespread in Central A./Endress, P.K.. A Revision of Asterogyne America: Belize (El Cayo, Stann Creek, Toledo), Guatemala (Izabal), Honduras (Arecaceae: Arecoideae: Geonomeae). Brittonia. (Atlantida, Colon, Cortes, Gracias a Dios, Santa Barbara), Nicaragua (Chontales, 55(4): 326-356. Jiinotega, Matagalpa, Rio San Juan, Zelaya), Costa Rica (Alajuela, Cartago, Heredia, Limon, Puntarenas, San Jose), Panama (Bocas del Toro, Chiriquf, Cocle, Colon, Darier. Panama, San Blas, Veraguas), and in northwestern South America: Colombia (Antioquia, Choco, Cordoba, Nariifo, Valle del Cauca), Ecuador (Esmeraldas)" 202 2003. Stauffer, F.W./Asmussen, C.B./Henderson, [Quality of climate match data 2-High] A./Endress, P.K.. A Revision of Asterogyne (Arecaceae: Arecoideae: Geonomeae). Brittonia. 55(4): 326-356. 203 2003. Stauffer, F.W./Asmussen, C.B./Henderson, [Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility)? Yes] "Common in the A./Endress, P.K.. A Revision of Asterogyne understory of the lowland and mountain rain forests, in flooded and nonflooded (Arecaceae: Arecoideae: Geonomeae). Brittonia. areas; from sea level to 1400 m, but normally below 600 m." [Elevation range 55(4): 326-356. exceeds 1000 m; environmentally versatile] 204 2003. Stauffer, F.W./Asmussen, C.B./Henderson, [Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates? Yes] "Five A./Endress, P.K.. A Revision of Asterogyne species are recognized in this treatment: one of them (Asterogyne martiana) is (Arecaceae: Arecoideae: Geonomeae). Brittonia. widely distributed from Belize in Central America to northern Ecuador" 55(4): 326-356. 205 2003. Riffle, R.L./Craft, P.. An Encyclopedia of [Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural Cultivated Palms. Timber Press, Portland, OR. range? Uncertain if cultivated outdoors, or more commonly as a specimen plant] "Until it is old, it is wonderful along a curving shady path or as a large groundcover in partial shade. It is one of the best candidates for homes, greenhouses, atriums, or conservatories if given high relative humidity and bright light." 205 2006. Wong, M.. Palms for Hawai‘i Landscapes. [Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural Landscape Nov. 2006 L-19. College of Tropical range?? Possibly not in Hawaii] "In addition, Asterogyne martiana (Fig. 35), Agriculture and Human Resources, UH Manoa, Johannesteijsmannia altifrons (Fig. 36), and Pinanga kuhlii are particularly Honolulu, HI attractive, but they are not easy to find." 205 2013. Dave's Gardern. PlantFiles: Pata de Gallo - [Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural Asterogyne martiana. range?] "This plant has been said to grow in the following regions: Loxahatchee, http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/66207/ Florida Ainaloa, Hawaii Hilo, Hawaii" [Accessed 16 Jan 2013] 301 2007. Randall, R.P.. The introduced flora of [Naturalized beyond native range? No evidence in Australia] Australia and its weed status. CRC for Australian Weed Management, Glen Osmond, Australia 301 2009. Chong, K.Y./Tan, H.T.W./Corlett, R.T.. A [Naturalized beyond native range? No evidence in Singapore] Checklist of the Total Vascular Plant Flora of Singapore: Native, Naturalized and Cultivated Species. Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research, National University of Singapore, Singapore 301 2012. Randall, R.P.. A Global Compendium of [Naturalized beyond native range? No evidence] Weeds. 2nd Edition. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia 302 2012. Randall, R.P.. A Global Compendium of [Garden/amenity/disturbance weed? No evidence] Weeds. 2nd Edition. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia 303 2012. Randall, R.P.. A Global Compendium of [Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed? No evidence] Weeds. 2nd Edition. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia 304 2013. WRA Specialist. Personal Communication. [Environmental weed? No evidence] Print Date: 1/17/2013 Asterogyne martiana (Arecaceae) Page 3 of 7 305 2012. Randall, R.P.. A Global Compendium of [Congeneric weed? No evidence] Weeds. 2nd Edition. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia 401 2003. Stauffer, F.W./Asmussen, C.B./Henderson, [Produces spines, thorns or burrs? No] "Small to medium-sized, solitary, unarmed, A./Endress, P.K.. A Revision of Asterogyne pleonanthic, monoecious palm." (Arecaceae: Arecoideae: Geonomeae). Brittonia. 55(4): 326-356. 402 2013. WRA Specialist. Personal Communication. [Allelopathic? Unknown] 403 2003. Stauffer, F.W./Asmussen, C.B./Henderson, [Parasitic? No] Arecaceae A./Endress, P.K.. A Revision of Asterogyne (Arecaceae: Arecoideae: Geonomeae). Brittonia. 55(4): 326-356. 404 2013. WRA Specialist. Personal Communication. [Unpalatable to grazing animals? Unknown] 405 2008. Wagstaff, D.J.. International poisonous [Toxic to animals? No evidence] plants checklist: an evidence-based reference. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 405 2013. Specialized Information Services, U.S. [Toxic to animals? No evidence] National Library of Medicine. TOXNET toxicology data network [online database]. National Institutes of Health, http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/ 406 2013. EPPO Global Database. Pathway Pests for [Host for recognized pests and pathogens? Potentially] "Pathway Pests for Asterogyne martiana. Asterogyne martiana" … " Coconut cadang-cadang viroid (as Arecaceae) http://gd3.eppo.int/organism.php/QGYMA/pathway Coconut lethal yellowing phytoplasma (as Arecaceae) pest [Accessed 17 Jan 2013] Paysandisia archon (as Arecaceae) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (as Arecaceae) Rhynchophorus palmarum (as Arecaceae)" 407 2008. Wagstaff, D.J.. International poisonous [Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans? No evidence] plants checklist: an evidence-based reference. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 407 2013.