Initial Environmental Examination November 2014 CAM: Medium-Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project (Package 2) Subproject 1: Kampong Thom Province (extension) Subproject 3: Siem Reap Province (extension) Subproject 4: Kandal Province Subproject 5: Banteay Meanchey Province Prepared by Electricité du Cambodge, Royal Government of Cambodia for the Asian Development Bank. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (Official exchange rate of the National Bank of Cambodia as of 24 November 2014) Currency unit – Cambodian Riel (KHR) KHR1.00 = $0.000246 $1.00 = KHR 4,063 ABBREVIATIONS ADB Asian Development Bank AP Affected person APSARA Authority for the Protection and Management of Angkor and the Region of Siem Reap CEMP Construction Environmental Management Plan CMAA Cambodian Mine Action and Victim Assistance Authority DCFA Department of Culture and Fine Arts DMC Developing member country DoE Department of Environment EA Executing Agency EAC Electricity Authority of Cambodia EARF Environmental Assessment and Review Framework EDC Electricité du Cambodge EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMoP Environmental Monitoring Plan EMP Environmental Management Plan GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism IA Implementing agency IBA Important Bird Area IEC International Electrotechnical Commission IEE Initial Environmental Examination IEIA Initial Environmental Impact Assessment IFC International Finance Corporation IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature LV Low voltage MARPOL Marine Pollution Convention MCFA Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts MAFF Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries MoE Ministry of Environment MV Medium voltage NPCA Nature Protection and Conservation Administration OM Operations Manual O&M Operations and Maintenance PIC Project Implementation Consultant PDoE Provincial Department of Environment PMO1 Project Management Office 1, EDC PPA Power Purchase Agreement PPE Personal Protective Equipment REE Rural Electrification Enterprises RGC Royal Government of Cambodia ROW Right-of-way SEPRU Social, Environment and Public Relations Unit, EDC SPS Safeguard Policy Statement (2009), ADB TSBR Tonle Sap Biosphere Reserve ULAB Used lead acid battery UNESCO United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change UXO Unexploded Ordnance WEIGHTS AND MEASURES cct-km Circuit-kilometer km kilometer m meter km2 Square kilometer oC Degree centigrade m/s Meter per second kph Kilometer per hour kWh Kilowatt-hour ha Hectare kv kilovolt NOTE In this report, "$" refers to US dollars. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Medium-Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project - Package 2 CONTENTS Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 I. INTRODUCTION 13 II. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 14 A. ADB’s Environmental Safeguard Policies 14 B. Legal and Institutional Framework on Environmental Management in Cambodia 15 C. International Conventions and Agreements 20 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 21 A. Project Scope 21 B. Location 21 C. Technical Components 28 D. Project Schedule and Activities 29 E. Safety Clearance 29 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 31 A. Physical Resources 31 B. Biological Resources 45 C. Land Uses 49 D. Social and Cultural Resources 58 V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 63 A. Pre-Construction Phase 63 B. Construction Phase 74 C. Operational Phase 76 VI. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 80 A. No Project Option 80 B. Selection of Provinces 80 C. Avoidance of Protected Areas 81 VII. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION 83 A. Stakeholder Consultations in Kampong Thom Province 83 B. Stakeholder Consultations in Siem Reap Province 83 C. Stakeholder Consultations in Kandal Province 84 D. Stakeholder Consultations in Banteay Meanchey 84 E. Future Public Consultation and Information Disclosure Activities 85 VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 87 A. Type of Grievances 87 B. Grievance Resolution Process 87 C. Grievance Follow-up 89 D. Confidentiality and Anonymity 89 IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 91 A. Mitigation Plan 91 B. Monitoring Plan 107 C. Reporting 108 Medium-Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project - Package 2 D. Implementation Arrangements 109 E. Institutional Arrangements for EMP Implementation 109 F. Construction Environmental Management Plan 110 G. Environmental Management and Monitoring Costs 110 X. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 111 XI. REFERENCES 113 APPENDICES APPENDIX 1: Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist .......................................... 115 APPENDIX 2. Stakeholder Survey Instrument ........................................................................ 120 APPENDIX 3: Selected Photographs during public Consultations ........................................... 124 APPENDIX 4 – List of Persons interviewed during public consultation .................................... 125 APPENDIX 5 – Project Environmental Progress and Monitoring Report ................................. 128 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Technical Details of Project Components under Package 2 .......................................28 Table 2. Medium-Voltage (MV) and Low-Voltage (LV) Clearances ...........................................30 Table 3. Summary of Districts and Communes of Package 1 extension ...................................58 Table 4. Summary of Districts and Communes of Subproject 4 and 5 ......................................58 Table 5. Summary of Districts and Communes of Subproject 5 ................................................58 Table 6. General Environmental Management Plan .................................................................92 Table 7. Specific Environmental Management Plan for Alignments in Ecological and Cultural Protected Areas ............................................................................................................... 101 Table 8. Environmental Monitoring Plan ................................................................................. 107 Table 9. Estimated EMP Budget ............................................................................................ 110 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Location of Subprojects Under Package 2..................................................................12 Figure 2. Alignment of Subproject 1 extension (blue line) in Kampong Thom Province ............22 Figure 3. Alignment of Subproject 3 extension (blue line) in Siem Reap province ....................24 Figure 4. Alignment of Subproject 4 (blue line) in Kandal Province ..........................................26 Figure 5. Alignment of Subproject 5 (blue line) in Banteay Meanchey Province .......................27 Figure 6. Topography of Subproject 1 extension (Kampong Thom) ..........................................33 Figure 7. Topography of Subproject 3 extension (Siem Reap) .................................................34 Figure 8. Topography of Subproject 4 (Kandal) ........................................................................35 Figure 9. Topography of Subproject 5 (Banteay Meanchey) .....................................................36 Figure 10. Yearly-Average Maximum and Minimum rainfall in Cambodia .................................37 Figure 11. Geology of Subproject 1 extension (Kampong Thom) .............................................39 Figure 12. Geology of Subproject 3 extension (Siem Reap) .....................................................40 Figure 13. Geology of Subproject 4 (Kandal) ...........................................................................41 Figure 14. Geology of Subproject 5 (Banteay Meanchey) ........................................................42 Figure 15. Seismic Map of Southeast Asia ...............................................................................43 Figure 16. Ecological and Cultural Resources near Subproject 1 extension (Kampong Thom) 50 Figure 17. Ecological and Cultural Resources near Subproject 3 extension (Siem Reap) ........51 Figure 18. Ecological Resources near Subproject 4 (Kandal) ...................................................52 Figure 19. Ecological and Cultural Resources near Subproject 5 (Banteay Meanchey) ...........53 Figure 20. Landuse in Subproject 1 extension (Kampong Thom) .............................................54 Medium-Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project - Package 2 Figure 21. Landuse in Subproject 3 extension (Siem Reap) .....................................................55 Figure 22. Landuse in Subproject 4 (Kandal) ...........................................................................56 Figure 23. Landuse in Subproject 5 (Banteay Meanchey) ........................................................57 Figure 24. Sambor Prei Kuk Conservation Zone (Amendment of Royal-decree NS/RKT/0303/116) .............................................................................................................65 Figure 25. Mines/UXO affected area in Kampong