Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Supplement August 26, 2005 / Vol. 54 Syndromic Surveillance Reports from a National Conference, 2004 department of health and human services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention MMWR The MMWR series of publications is published by the Editorial Committee Epidemiology Program Office, Centers for Disease Claire V. Broome, MD Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Department of Senior Advisor for Science and Public Health Practice Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA 30333. Coordinating Center for Health Information and Service, CDC SUGGESTED CITATION Martin Kulldorff, PhD General: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Syndromic Surveillance: Reports from a Associate Professor National Conference, 2004. MMWR 2005: Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care 54(Suppl). William B. Lober, MD Specific: [Author(s)]. [Title of particular article]. In: Research Assistant Professor Syndromic Surveillance: Reports from a National Conference, 2004. MMWR 2005; University of Washington 54(Suppl):[inclusive page numbers]. Joseph S. Lombardo, MS Bio Information Systems Program Manager Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory Julie L. Gerberding, MD, MPH Director Kenneth D. Mandl, MD Dixie E. Snider, MD, MPH Assistant Professor Chief Science Officer Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Children’s Hospital Boston Tanja Popovic, MD, PhD (Acting) Associate Director for Science Farzad Mostashari, MD, MSPH Chair, Primary Care Information Taskforce Coordinating Center for Health Information and Service Assistant Commissioner Blake Caldwell, MD, MPH, and Edward J. Sondik, PhD Epidemiology Services (Acting) Directors New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene National Center for Health Marketing* Henry R. Rolka, MS Jay M. Bernhardt, PhD, MPH Chief Scientist/Statistician Director National Center for Public Health Informatics, CDC Division of Scientific Communications* Michael A. Stoto, PhD Maria S. Parker Associate Director for Public Health (Acting) Director Center for Domestic and International Health Security Mary Lou Lindegren, MD (Acting) Editor, MMWR Series Suzanne M. Hewitt, MPA Managing Editor, MMWR Series Teresa F. Rutledge (Acting) Lead Technical Writer-Editor David C. Johnson Patricia A. McGee Jeffrey D. Sokolow, MA Project Editors Beverly J. Holland Lead Visual Information Specialist Notice Lynda G. Cupell This supplement is being published as a courtesy to the MMWR Malbea A. LaPete readership. These papers represent the views of the authors, and Visual Information Specialists their publication does not imply endorsement by CDC. Quang M. Doan, MBA Erica R. Shaver The material in this supplement originated in the National Information Technology Specialists Center for Public Health Informatics, John W. Loonski, MD, * Proposed. (Acting) Director. Vol. 54 / Supplement MMWR 1 CONTENTS Preface ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Peer Reviewers .......................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Overview, Policy, and Systems Federal Role in Early Detection Preparedness Systems/Claire V. Broome ...................................................................................... 7 BioSense: Implementation of a National Early Event Detection and Situational Awareness System/Colleen A. Bradley, H. Rolka, D. Walker, J. Loonsk .................................................................................................................................................. 11 Guidelines for Constructing a Statewide Hospital Syndromic Surveillance Network/Zygmunt F. Dembek, K. Carley, J. Hadler ... 21 Data Sources Implementation of Laboratory Order Data in BioSense Early Event Detection and Situation Awareness System/Haobo Ma, H. Rolka, K. Mandl, D. Buckeridge, A. Fleischauer, J. Pavlin ..................................................................................................... 27 Use of Medicaid Prescription Data for Syndromic Surveillance — New York/Jian-Hua Chen, K. Schmit, H. Chang, E. Herlihy, J. Miller, P. Smith ...................................................................................................................................................................... 31 Poison Control Center–Based Syndromic Surveillance for Foodborne Illness/Mary P. Derby, J. McNally, J. Ranger-Moore, L. Hulette, R. Villar, T. Hysong, E. MacNeill, M. Lebowitz, J. Burgess ......................................................................................... 35 Monitoring Over-The-Counter Medication Sales for Early Detection of Disease Outbreaks — New York City/Debjani Das, K. Metzger, R. Heffernan, S. Balter, D. Weiss, F. Mostashari ...................................................................................................... 41 Experimental Surveillance Using Data on Sales of Over-the-Counter Medications — Japan, November 2003–April 2004/ Yasushi Ohkusa, M. Shigematsu, K. Taniguchi, N. Okabe......................................................................................................... 47 Analytic Methods Public Health Monitoring Tools for Multiple Data Streams/Howard S. Burkom, S. Murphy, J. Coberly, K. Hurt-Mullen ................. 55 Use of Multiple Data Streams to Conduct Bayesian Biologic Surveillance/Weng-Keen Wong, G. Cooper, D. Dash, J. Levander, J. Dowling, W. Hogan, M. Wagner ........................................................................................................................ 63 Space-Time Clusters with Flexible Shapes/Vijay S. Iyengar ......................................................................................................... 71 INFERNO: A System for Early Outbreak Detection and Signature Forecasting/Elena N. Naumova, E. O’Neil, I. MacNeill ......... 77 High-Fidelity Injection Detectability Experiments: a Tool for Evaluating Syndromic Surveillance Systems/Garrick L. Wallstrom, M. Wagner, W. Hogan .............................................................................................................................................................. 85 Linked Analysis for Definition of Nurse Advice Line Syndrome Groups, and Comparison to Encounters/Steven Magruder, J. Henry, M. Snyder .................................................................................................................................................................. 93 Simulation and Other Evaluation Approaches Simulation for Assessing Statistical Methods of Biologic Terrorism Surveillance/Ken P. Kleinman, A. Abrams, K. Mandl, R. Platt ... 101 An Evaluation Model for Syndromic Surveillance: Assessing the Performance of a Temporal Algorithm/David L. Buckeridge, P. Switzer, D. Owens, D. Siegrist, J. Pavlin, M. Musen .............................................................................................................. 109 Evaluation of Syndromic Surveillance Based on National Health Service Direct Derived Data — England and Wales/ Alexander Doroshenko, D. Cooper, G. Smith, E. Gerard, F. Chinemana, N. Verlander, A. Nicoll ............................................. 117 Initial Evaluation of the Early Aberration Reporting System — Florida/Yiliang Zhu, W. Wang, D. Atrubin, Y. Wu ....................... 123 Practice and Experience Deciphering Data Anomalies in BioSense/Leslie Z. Sokolow, N. Grady, H. Rolka, D. Walker, P. McMurray, R. English-Bullard, J. Loonsk ................................................................................................................................................................................ 133 Syndromic Surveillance on the Epidemiologist’s Desktop: Making Sense of Much Data/Kathy J. Hurt-Mullen, J. Coberly ......... 141 Connecting Health Departments and Providers: Syndromic Surveillance’s Last Mile/James B. Daniel, D. Heisey-Grove, P. Gadam, W. Yih, K. Mandl, A. DeMaria, Jr., R. Platt ............................................................................................................. 147 Comparison of Syndromic Surveillance and a Sentinel Provider System in Detecting an Influenza Outbreak — Denver, Colorado, 2003/Debra P. Ritzwoller, K. Kleinman, T. Palen, A. Abrams, J. Kaferly, W. Yih, R. Platt .......................................... 151 Ambulatory-Care Diagnoses as Potential Indicators of Outbreaks of Gastrointestinal Illness — Minnesota/W. Katherine Yih, A. Abrams, R. Danila, K. Green, K. Kleinman, M. Kulldorff, B. Miller, J. Nordin, R. Platt ......................................................... 157 Emergency Department Visits for Concern Regarding Anthrax — New Jersey, 2001/Paul C. Allegra, D. Cochrane, E. Dunn, P. Milano, J. Rothman, J. Allegra ............................................................................................................................................. 163 2 MMWR August 26, 2005 CONTENTS (Continued) Hospital Admissions Syndromic Surveillance — Connecticut, October 2001–June 2004/James L. Hadler, A. Siniscalchi, Z. Dembek ............................................................................................................................................................................. 169 Three Years of Emergency Department Gastrointestinal Syndromic Surveillance in New York City: What