Dansk polarfart 1915 - 2015 1 Arktis Antarktis 2 Dansk polarfart 1915 - 2015 Forfatter: Bjarne Rasmussen Forside foto: M/S Arina Arctica i Scoresbysund Bagside foto: Overstyrmand Bjarne Rasmussen, M/S Kista Arctica Fotograf: Skibsfører Fritz Ploug Nielsen Web site: www.iceguide.dk Enhver hel eller delvis kopiering på tryk, elektronisk eller på anden måde, må kun ske efter udtrykkelig forudgående aftale med forfatteren. Trods omhyggelig behandling af det benyttede materiale, kan jeg have anvendt fotos og artikler m.v. som uden mit vidende er beskyttet af ophavsret. Skulle dette være tilfældet, vil jeg være glad for at modtage en henvendelse herom således, at fotos og artikler kan honoreres til gældende takst. De mange specifikke informationer i bogen har jeg indhentet fra mange forskellige kilder, se Kildehenvisningerne i bogens afslutning. Andre bøger af Bjarne Rasmussen: Styrmanden fra Strynø Gomme Clausen slægten i Det sydfynske Øhav 3 Indholdsfortegnelse Indledning og ”opråb” ................................................................................. 09 Grønland Historie og politik Grønland i Kongeriget Danmark ........................................................................................11 Danske Grønlandsekspeditioner ........................................................................................11 Internationale konflikter ....................................................................................................12 Moderniseringsprocessen .................................................................................................13 G50 planen (nyordningen) realiseres ................................................................................14 Grønlands Hjemmestyre ....................................................................................................25 Grønlands Handel ..............................................................................................................25 Grønlands Selvstyre ...........................................................................................................26 Shipping Gods og passagerer Perioden 1915 - 1940 ..............................................................................................27 Perioden 1940 - 1945 ..............................................................................................28 Perioden 1945 - 1960 ..............................................................................................31 Perioden 1960 - 1973 ..............................................................................................33 Perioden 1973 - 1993 ..............................................................................................41 Perioden 1993 - 1995 ..............................................................................................44 Perioden 1995 - 1998 ..............................................................................................48 4 Perioden 1998 - 2010 .............................................................................................. 48 Perioden 2010 - 2015 .............................................................................................. 55 Olieprodukter Perioden 1950 - 2015 .............................................................................................. 57 Malm Perioden 1860 - 2015 .............................................................................................. 61 Fiskeprodukter Perioden 1925 - 2015 .............................................................................................. 69 Arktiske udfordringer Isforhold .................................................................................................................. 72 Polarskibe ................................................................................................................ 74 Ice patrol ................................................................................................................. 88 SAR ........................................................................................................................ 101 Søopmåling ............................................................................................................ 105 Isbrydning .............................................................................................................. 109 Havneanlæg: Skibsreder Knud Lauritzens rapport, 1948 ............................................................ 111 G50 og G60 planerne; havne, lager og besejling................................................... 119 Kendtmanden: Kendtmandens funktion ........................................................................................ 130 Offshore: Greenland Petroleum Consortium (GREPCO) ....................................................... 133 M/S Mærsk Topper, 1977 ...................................................................................... 135 M/S West Navion, 2000 ........................................................................................ 136 5 Beretninger M/S Britannia, 1956 ..............................................................................................138 Bygden Savigsivik, 1964 .........................................................................................146 M/S Varla Dan, 1967 .............................................................................................149 Tre skibe indefrosset 1971/72 ...............................................................................157 M/S Søkongen, 1976 ..............................................................................................160 Umanak fjorden, 1984 ...........................................................................................161 Forlis & Havarier m.v. efter 1945 M/S Jopeter, 1955 .................................................................................................163 M/S Kista Dan, 1955 ..............................................................................................170 M/S Ingga Dan, part I, 1956 ..................................................................................174 M/S Ingga Dan, part II, 1956 .................................................................................175 M/S Polarbjørn, 1957 ............................................................................................178 M/S Umanak, 1957 ................................................................................................182 M/S Hans Hedtoft, 1959 ........................................................................................183 M/S Martin S. 1966................................................................................................189 M/S Disko, 1969 .....................................................................................................195 M/S Frida Dan, part I, 1969 ...................................................................................196 M/S Frida Dan, part II, 1969 ..................................................................................199 M/S Magnus Jensen, 1981 .....................................................................................202 M/S Betty Theresa, 1988 .......................................................................................209 M/S Johan Petersen, 1988 .....................................................................................213 M/S Kista Arctica, 1998 .........................................................................................223 Forsikringsselskaberne 2015 .................................................................................227 6 Canada St. Lawrence Wintherservice Perioden 1959 - 1968 ............................................................................................ 234 M/S Manja Dan, 1967 ........................................................................................... 236 Arktisk Canada M/S Thora Dan, part I, 1961 .................................................................................. 243 S/S Manhattan, 1969 ............................................................................................ 245 M/S Thora Dan, part II, 1969 ................................................................................. 246 M/S Thora Dan, part III, 1969 ................................................................................ 247 Narwhal-Lauritzen Shipping Ltd. Calgary .............................................................. 252 Arctic Canada Sealift ............................................................................................. 252 Polar passagerne NV passagen, 2013 ................................................................................................ 254 NØ passagen (Northern Sea Route), 2010 ............................................................ 255 Antarktis Rederiet j. Lauritzen .............................................................................................. 256 Rederiet A.E.Sørensen ........................................................................................... 266 M/S Nanok S., 1984 ............................................................................................... 266 Polarfarten 2015 Status ..................................................................................................................... 269 7 Polarfarten efter 2015 Nye epoke? ...........................................................................................................272 Dilemma ................................................................................................................272