Recreational boating as a major vector of spread of nonindigenous species around the Mediterranean Aylin Ulman To cite this version: Aylin Ulman. Recreational boating as a major vector of spread of nonindigenous species around the Mediterranean. Ecosystems. Sorbonne Université, 2018. English. NNT : 2018SORUS222. tel- 02483397 HAL Id: tel-02483397 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02483397 Submitted on 18 Feb 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Sorbonne Université Università di Pavia Ecole doctorale CNRS, Laboratoire d'Ecogeochimie des Environments Benthiques, LECOB, F-66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France Recreational boating as a major vector of spread of non- indigenous species around the Mediterranean La navigation de plaisance, vecteur majeur de la propagation d’espèces non-indigènes autour des marinas Méditerranéenne Par Aylin Ulman Thèse de doctorat de Philosophie Dirigée par Agnese Marchini et Jean-Marc Guarini Présentée et soutenue publiquement le 6 Avril, 2018 Devant un jury composé de : Anna Occhipinti (President, University of Pavia) Katell Guizien (President, Sorbonne University) Ana Costa (Reviewer, University of the Azores) José Guerra-Garcia (Reviewer, University of Seville) Sergej Olenin (External examiner, University of Klaipeda) Agnese Marchini (Principal supervisor, University of Pavia) Jean-Marc Guarini (Co-supervisor, Sorbonne University) Christos Arvanitidis (Co-supervisor, Hellenic Centre of Marine Research, Greece) CERTIFICATION I, Aylin Ulman declare that this thesis, submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award Doctor of Philosophy, in the School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, and for Sorbonne Université: Université de Pierre et Marie-Curie, is fully my own work unless otherwise referenced or acknowledged. This document has not been submitted for qualifications at any other academic institution. _______________________________ Aylin Ulman March 7th 2018 2 STATEMENT OF CONTRIBUTION My supervisors, Professors Agnese Marchini and Anna Occhipinti-Ambrogi conceptualized and focused the study topic of this thesis. I, Aylin Ulman, completed the study design, the marina sampling and interviews with boaters. I identified the majority of samples, with the contributions of the supervisor Agnese Marchini, the post-doc fellow Jasmine Ferrario, and the undergraduate students Gemma Martinez-Laiz, Giovanno Scribano, Guenda Merlo, Elisa Princisch, Ada Bandi at the Department of Ecology Laboratory at the University of Pavia. Some samples were sent or brought to the following experts for identification or verification: Christos Arvanitidis, Yanan Sun, Alfonso Ramos-Esplá, Cesare Bogi, Marco Bertolino, Cengiz Kocak and Giorgos Chatzigeorgiou. A few of these experts (Agnese Marchini, Jasmine Ferrario, Alfonso Ramos-Esplá, Marco Bertolino, Cengiz Kocak) further helped in shaping the paragraphs about the taxonomic characters and of the current known distributions for certain species. The three data chapters (Chapters 2-4) presented in this thesis has been prepared as manuscripts in collaboration with my supervisors Agnese Marchini, Anna Occhipinti-Ambrogi and Christos Arvanitidis and are presented here in journal format. The first data chapter has been published as the following journal article: Chapter 2 – Ulman A, Ferrario J, Occhipinti-Ambrogi A, Arvanitidis C, Bandi A, Bertolino M, Bogi C, Chatzigeorgiou G, Çiçek BA, Deidun A, Ramos-Esplà A, Koçak Ç, Lorenti M, Martínez-Laiz G, Merlo G, Princisgh E, Scribano G and A Marchini (2017). A massive update of non-indigenous species records in Mediterranean marinas. PeerJ The second data chapter (Chapter 3) has been submitted and is currently in review: Chapter 3 – Ulman A, Ferrario J, Forcada A, Arvanitidis C, Occhipinti-Ambrogi A and A Marchini. A hitchhiker’s guide to non-indigenous species marina settlement. Diversity and Distributions The second data chapter (Chapter 3) assimilated the results learned from Chapter 2, and combined these results with additional data previously collected by the post-doc fellow Jasmine Ferrario from University of Pavia for a very wide-scale geographic univariate and multi-variate statistical analysis on NIS in Mediterranean marinas. Aitor Forcada offered assistance with the statistical analysis. Aylin Ulman analyzed the results and led the writing of the paper. The third data chapter (Chapter 4) is in the final stages before submission: 3 Chapter 4 – Ulman A, Ferrario J, Seebens H, Arvanitidis C, Occhipinti-Ambrogi A and A Marchini. Bowed down in a sea of troubles: How recreational boating is spreading alien species around the Mediterranean Target Journal: Journal of Applied Ecology For the third data chapter (Chapter 4), Aylin Ulman analyzed the boater survey results along with the sampling results of the NIS found on the fouled boat-hulls. Hanno Seebens offered assistance with the statistics involving ‘Generalized Linear Models’ and all interpretations and writing of the paper were done entirely by Aylin Ulman. 4 As the primary supervisor, I, Professor Agnese Marchini, declare that the greater and most critical part of the work in each article listed is attributed to the candidate, Aylin Ulman. In each of the above manuscripts or chapters, Aylin led the study design and was primarily responsible for data collection, analysis and interpretation, with the exception of Chapter 3, where she had substantial assistance for the statistical analysis by Aitor Forcada, and Chapter 4, where she was provided some statistical assistance from Hanno Seebens. The manuscript presented in Chapter 2 was led by Aylin Ulman, with contributions from the expert taxonomists. Aylin was in charge of the manuscript review process with the journal. Manuscript and chapter were written by the candidate, who was then responsible for responding to comments made by her co-authors. The manuscript and Chapter presented in Chapter 3 was led by Aylin Ulman, as was Chapter 4. ________________________ ___________________________ Aylin Ulman Dr. Agnese Marchini PhD Candidate Principal supervisor 3rd March 2018 3rd March 2018 5 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS and POSTERS Publications in journals with impact factor Ulman A, Ferrario J, Occhipinti-Ambrogi A, Arvanitidis C, Bandi A, Bertolino M, Bogi C, Chatzigeorgiou G, Çiçek BA, Deidun A, Ramos-Esplà A, Koçak Ç, Lorenti M, Martínez-Laiz G, Merlo G, Princisgh E, Scribano G and A Marchini . 2017. A massive update of non-indigenous species records in Mediterranean marinas. PeerJ 5: e3954. Ulman A, Ferrario J, Forcada A, Arvanitidis C, Occhipinti-Ambrogi A, and A Marchini (In review). A hitchhiker’s guide to marina travel for alien species. Ecological Indicators Palero F, Torrado H, Perry O, Kupriyanova E, Ulman A, Ten Hove H & R Capaccioni-Azzati. (In prep.) Establishment of Spirobranchus cf. tetraceros (Annelida: Serpulidae) in the Western Mediterranean. Ulman A, Ferrario J, Seebens H, Arvanitidis C, Occhipinti-Ambrogi and A Marchini (In prep.) Bowed down in a sea of troubles: The role of recreational boats in the spread of alien species in the Mediterranean Sea. Target journal: Journal of Applied Ecology Other Publications Ferrario J, Ulman A, Marchini A, Saracino F and A Occhipinti-Ambrogi. 2016. Non-indigenous fouling species in the marina of Rome. Biologia Marina Mediterranea 23(1): 224-225. Martinez-Laiz G, Ulman A, Ros M and A Marchini. 2017. A combined biological and social approach to test the role of recreational boating as vector for exotics: the case of peracarids in the Mediterranean Sea. Biodiversity Journal, 8(2): 421-423. Merlo G, Ulman A, Martinez-Laiz G, Scribano G and A Marchini. 2017. New records of alien Amphipoda in Mediterranean marinas. Biodiversity Journal, 8(2): 535-537. Conference Presentations Ulman A, Ferrario J, Forcada A, Arvanitidis C, Occhipinti-Ambrogi A and A Marchini. 9 March 2018. ICES Working Group on Introduction and Transfer of Marine Organisms (WGITMO), Madeira, Portugal. Talk presented on ‘Abiotic factors affecting NIS richness and NIS assemblage compositions in Mediterranean marinas.’ 10 Ulman A, Ferrario J Marchini, A, Arvanitidis A, Ramos-Espla- A, Guarini JM and A Occhipinti-Ambrogi. European Marine Biology Conference, Piran, Slovenia, 22-26 September 2017. Presented a talk on ‘Recreational boating as a major vector of spread of marine non-indigenous species.’ Martinez-Laiz G, Ulman A, Ros M and A Marchini. The 17th International Colloquium on Amphipoda, Trapani, Italy. 4-7 September 2017. Talk presented on ‘A combined biological and social approach to test the role of recreational boating as vector for exotics: the case of peracarids in the Mediterranean Sea.’ Conference Posters Merlo G, Ulman A, Martinez-Laiz G, Scribano G, and A Marchini. 17th ICA International Colloquium on Amphipoda, Trapani, Sicily, 4-7 September 2017. Poster presented on ‘New Records of Alien Amphipoda in Mediterranean Marinas.’ Ferrario J, Lorenti M, Martínez-Laiz G, Ulman A, Marchini A and A Occhipinti-Ambrogi. 1° Congresso Nazionale Congiunto SItE – UZI