Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci. (2018). 4(3): 33-39 International Journal of Current Research in Medical Sciences ISSN: 2454-5716 P-ISJN: A4372-3064, E -ISJN: A4372-3061 www.ijcrims.com Original Research Article Volume 4, Issue 3 -2018 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22192/ijcrms.2018.04.03.005 Physical fitness profile of children with various locomotors disability in Ahmednagar district Harshita Somkuwar1 Sarvesh Rasal2 Rutuja Vaichal3 Shyam Ganvir4 1BPTh, DVVPF’s College Of Physiotherapy, Ahmednagar 2BPTh, DVVPF’s College Of Physiotherapy, Ahmednagar 3BPTh, DVVPF’s College Of Physiotherapy, Ahmednagar 4PhD, Principal cum professor, DVVPF’s College Of Physiotherapy, Ahmednagar Introduction Increased PA participation is a primary goal expressed by parents and professionals for Disability according to WHO is an umbrella term, disabled children.4 covering impairments, activity limitations and According to the Healthy Children 2010 report, participation restrictions. Disability is thus not people with disabilities are less likely to just a health problem; it is a complex participate in sustained or vigorous exercise than phenomenon reflecting the interaction between people without disabilities.5 Children with features of persons’ body and features of society disabilities tend to be weaker and more in which he/she lives. As per the census 2011 in susceptible to early fatigue than their peers.6 They India, out of 121 crore population about 2.68 have higher metabolic, cardiorespiratory, and crore persons are disabled which is 2.21% of total mechanical costs of mobility, which cause early population.1 fatigue and decreased exercise performance.7 Therefore consistent understanding of the Physical activity (PA) participation is widely physical activity participation construct is recognized as a critical component of health and necessary to successfully describe the health development for disabled and non-disabled status of disabled children. children. Engagement in moderate to high intensity physical activity (PA) during childhood Strength training and endurance training are is advocated for in the promotion of optimal components of physical fitness that may prevent health outcomes and may offset predisposed risk secondary disorders, lower energy costs of for the development of secondary health movement, and enhance quality of life for conditions experienced by disabled children. 8 2 children with disabilities. Less is known about Participation in physical activity opportunities is how to design and disseminate programs of a fundamental childhood experience that fosters exercise for persons with disabilities. Yet, the psychosocial development of interpersonal 3 optimizing physical activity for people with skills, self-confidence, and self-efficacy. disabilities may be even more important to their general welfare. Disabilities commonly cause 33 Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci. (2018). 4(3): 33-39 "a cycle of deconditioning" in which physical Study setting: rural children with locomotor functioning deteriorates, leading to further disability in Ahmednagar district (Kopargaon, reduction in physical activity levels. Jamkhed, Karjat, Shrigonda) Therefore it is critical need to examine physical Duration of the study: 6 months function in disabled children which can be measured as a health indicator for disabled Samples size: 135 children. Sampling method: convenience sampling Aim: To investigate physical fitness level aspects among children with disabilities in Ahmednagar Criteria for sampling: district. Inclusion criteria: Objectives: 1) to evaluate and compare the components of physical function in disabled 1) Children from the age group 3-16 years children of Ahmednagar district. 2) Children who are willing to participate. 2) To evaluate and compare taluka wise performance of disabled children of Ahmednagar Exclusion criteria: Children who are not willing district. to participate. Need of the study: There are not enough articles Procedure: We visited various talukas of on evaluation of physical function in disabled Ahmednagar district, i.e Kopargaon, Jamkhed, children. Information about physical fitness Karjat, Shrigonda. Prior information was given among these children may help us to formulate about the visit to those areas and pamplets were more appropriate treatment guidelines which in also distributed to gather as many children with turn will improve their functional status leading to disability as possible. The procedure was improvement in Quality of life. Therefore the explained to the children and their care taker/ purpose of the study is to find out physical fitness guardian. An informed consent was taken. Only level in disabled children of Ahmednagar district. those children who gave consent were included and physical fitness test was taken. Methodology Outcome measure: physical fitness test which Research design: the research design of this study includes the components; aerobic function and is observational cross sectional study. musculoskeletal function which included strength/ endurance, flexibility and range of motion. Results 1) Aerobic function: aerobic function 0.15 0.1 0.05 aerobic function 0 Kopargaon Jamkhed Karjat Shrigonda Graph 1: aerobic function (mean of 1 mile walk test) result in all the 4 areas. X axis: areas covered in Ahmednagar; y axis: 1unit=0.02cm 34 Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci. (2018). 4(3): 33-39 Subjects participated in the study, faced difficulty could perform to certain extent. Out of all 4 areas in performing 1 mile walk test. The subjects of shrigonda performed well in comparison to other Kopargaon and Karjat were unable to perform the 3 areas. test. The participants of shrigonda and jamkhed 2) Musculoskeletal functions a) Strength/ endurance 7 6 5 trunk lift 4 hand grip 3 push up 2 curl up 1 reverse curl up 0 Kopargaon Jamkhed Karjat Shrigonda Graph 2: musculoskeletal functions (mean of trunk lift, hand grip, push up, curl up, and reverse curl up results) in all the 4 areas X axis: areas covered in Ahmednagar; y axis: 1unit= 1cm The subjects of Kopargaon performed trunk lift subjects from kopargaon were unable to perform the most than karjat. Karjat performed better than it. Subjects from kopargaon and jamkhet shrigonda. The least was performed by subjects performed almost equal number of curl ups, from Jamkhed.Kopargaon subjects had good grip whereas subjects from karjat performed strength whereas karjat was poor. Jamkhed and comparatively less than the previous two. shrigonda subjects showed fair grip Subjects from shrigonda performed the least.The strength.Subjects from Jamkhed were able to most number of reverse curl up was performed by perform the most number of push ups followed by the subjects from Jamkhed followed by Karjat. The subjects from shrigonda could Kopargaon, Karjat and shrigonda. perform push ups to a certain extent whereas the b) Flexibility: 3 2.5 2 1.5 sit and reach 1 shoulder stretch 0.5 0 Kopargaon Jamkhed Karjat Shrigonda Graph 3: flexibility (mean of sit and reach, shoulder stretch result) in all the 4 areas. X axis: areas covered in Ahmednagar; y axis: 1 unit=0.05cm 35 Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci. (2018). 4(3): 33-39 The graph shows regression in terms of flexibility perform this test was half than the subjects from from Kopargaon to Shrigonda.Maximum number the other two areas in Shrigonda. Kopargaon of subjects from Jamkhed and Karjat were able to subjects performed the least. do the test. The number of subjects who could Physical function in all the 4 areas: 7 1 mile walk 6 trunk lift 5 hand grip 4 push up 3 curl up 2 reverse curl up 1 0 sit and reach Kopargaon Jamkhed Karjat Shrigonda shoulder stretch Graph 4: all components of the test performed in all 4 areas X axis: areas covered in Ahmednagar; y axis: 1 unit=0.1 cm. This graph denotes total physical function in shows more physical function in their disabled Ahmednagar district. Out of all 4 Kopargaon subjects. Values showing each components of physical function: 1 mile Trunk Hand Reverse Sit and Shoulder walk Push up Curl up lift grip curl up reach stretch test 0.10 ± 3.77 ± 4.5 ± 0.63 ± 1.89 ± 1.29 ± 1.80 ± 0.36 ± Values 0.14 1.3 1.25 0.70 0.76 0.30 0.80 0.17 While comparing all the components of physical to stand and walk independently. Whereas the function test in disabled children of Ahmednagar least affected component was hand grip followed district, the component which was most affected by trunk lift. Rest all the components were was 1 mile walk test as the subjects were not able relatively affected. Values showing area wise physical function: Kopargaon Jamkhed Karjat Shrigonda Values 2.24±2.3 1.95±1.50 1.81±1.50 1.18±1.36 While comparing physical function of disabled areas. The most disabled subjects were found in children in Ahmednagar district, subjects from Shrigonda. Performance of subjects from Kopargaon had better performance than other Jamkhed and Karjat was satisfactory. 36 Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci. (2018). 4(3): 33-39 Taluka wise values of physical function: Musculoskeletal Musculoskeletal function Talukas Aerobic function function a) Strength/ b) Flexibility endurance Kopargaon 0 3.05±2.58 1.34 ± 1.64 Jamkhed 0.11 2.57±1.46 1.34 ± 1.16 Karjat 0 2.4± 1.5 1.2 ± 0.98 Shrigonda 0.13 1.6 ± 1.53 0.44 ± 0.28 Aerobic function was poor in Kopargaon and Kopargaon. Flexibility in Kopargaon and Karjat. Strength was comparatively better in Jamkhed was fairly equal. 1 mile walk Curl up Push up Sit and reach Normative ˃30 sec ˃5 ˃5 ˃3cm values Values 0.10 ± 0.14 1.89 ± 0.76 0.63 ± 0.70 1.80 ± 0.80 obtained According to the study conducted by Maria A. noramative values and compared with the values Fragala-Pinkham et.al, we have taken the obtained in all the 4 areas. Characteristics of participants: Neurological Musculoskeletal Total no of Talukas Mean age involvement involvement participants Kopargaon 10.44 16 6 22 Jamkhed 7.99 26 8 34 Karjat 10.38 34 16 50 Shrigonda 8.15 24 5 29 Discussion etc.