DOCUMENT RESUME ED 443 037 CG 030 087 AUTHOR Hann, Della M., Ed.; Huffman, Lynne C., Ed.; Lederhendler, Israel I., Ed.; Meinecke, Douglas, Ed. TITLE Advancing Research on Developmental Plasticity: Integrating the Behavioral Science and Neuroscience of Mental Health. Proceedings (Chantilly, Virginia, May 12-15, 1996). INSTITUTION National Inst. of Mental Health (DHEW), Rockville, MD. REPORT NO NIMH-98-4338 PUB DATE 1998-00-00 NOTE 299p. PUB TYPE Books (010) Collected Works Proceedings (021) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC12 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Adjustment (to Environment); *Behavior Development; *Behavioral Sciences; Cognitive Development; *Developmental Stages; *Individual Development; Intervention; *Mental Health; Neuropsychology; Prevention; Psychiatry; *Research Needs; Social Behavior IDENTIFIERS *Neurosciences ABSTRACT This book represents the proceedings of the Conference on Advancing Research on Developmental Plasticity: Integrating Behavioral Science and the Neuroscience of Mental Health. The conference featured scientific presentations from many leading scientists in behavioral sciences, neuroscience and psychiatry, as well as a poster session for newer investigators and roundtable seminars for more in-depth discussion. The conference focused on three primary areas of development: stress and early development, cognition, and social behavior. The primary goal of the conference was to bring together scientists from neuroscience, the behavioral sciences, and psychiatry in order to begin identifying substantive topics that may benefit from more integrated cross-disciplinary research on developmental plasticity. The proceedings emphasize the importance of developmental plasticity in brain and behavior to mental health. Identifying the mechanisms and the timing by which these mechanisms operate could produce a greater understanding of the multiple and interconnected levels of functioning that lead to adjustment, as well as a much better understanding of when and how functioning becomes impaired. By examining the natural developmental timing of sensitive periods for plasticity, scientists will have firmer data to inform decisions about when to implement prevention or intervention. Contains 19 presentations, 6 roundtable seminars, and 37 poster presentations. (Author/GCP) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. Avancin: Researcon evelo!mental Plastici Intezrating the gettay.iimit ,atioince4: and Neuroscience ot,MOnattle,aItit 14.111 D '' I x . I 1 " S . il 4 . of - II . 0 IOC 0 I) 120"T"' =mm.. 1111.tea.i.Milt.14 4311ALIEW Mal MUM= D MID S National Institute Mental Health National Institutes @f Health Advancing Researchon Developmental Plasticity Integrating the Behavioral Science and Neuroscience of Mental Health Editors: Della M. Hann Lynne C. Huffman Israel 1. Lederhendler Douglas Meinecke National Institute of Mental Health National Institutes of Health 3 All material in this volume, except for the figures on pages 5 and 19, is in the public domain and may be used or reproduced without permission from the Institute or the authors. Citation of the source is appreciated. NIH Publication Number 98- Printed 1998 Acknowledgments The following people made invaluable contributions to the development and actualization of the conference. Steering Committee Robert Cairns, Ph.D. University of North CarolinaChapel Hill Martha Constantine-Paton, Ph.D. Yale University Robert Emde, M.D. University of Colorado Health Sciences Center Eugene Emory, Ph.D. Emory University James Leckman, M.D. Yale University School of Medicine Martha McClintock, Ph.D The University of Chicago Fernando Nottebohm, Ph.D. Rockefeller University Mary Rothbart, Ph.D. University of Oregon NIMH Organizers Della M. Hann, Ph.D. Chief, Interpersonal and Family Processes Program Lynne C. Huffman, M.D. Chief, Personality and Emotion Program Israel Lederhendler, Ph.D. Chief, Systems Neuroscience Program Douglas Meinecke, Ph.D. Chief, Developmental Neuroscience Program NIH Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research Norman Anderson, Ph.D. Director, OBSSR iii 5 Preface The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) is responsible for supporting research that aims to improve diagnosis and treatment of mental illness. Mental illnesses are diverse and involve many different behaviors. Similarly, the brain processes underlying these behaviors are themselves complex and in many cases poorly understood. One approach to advancing research on these themes is to promote integration of investigators from diverse perspectives to determine where there are common principals and concepts. Beginning in 1995, a steering committee composed of NIMH staff and eight outside experts began discussions on the topic of developmental plasticity as a central theme for integrated discussions. Developmental plasticity was a particularly attractive theme because it is a challenge to the nature-nurture conceptions of development. In the past, it was assumed that environmental events determined only the psychological components of development (e.g., memory, habits, attitudes), while brain development progressed by means of fixed biological processes. The steering committee recognized that recent advances in developmental plasticity demonstrate the mutual influences of biology and environment in shaping the development of brain and behavior. To explore this topic more fully, the Conference on Advancing Research on Developmental Plasticity: Integrating the Behavioral Science and the Neuroscience of Mental Health, was held on May 12-15, 1996, in Chantilly, Virginia. This book represents the proceedings of the conference. The Conference featured scientific presentations from many leading scientists in the behavioral sciences, neuroscience, and psychiatry, as well as a poster session for newer investigators and roundtable seminars for more in-depth discussion. Three broad substantive areas were explored: Stress and Early Development, Cognition, and Social Behavior. Each area was explored from the perspectives of the different represented disciplines, which at a minimum involved molecular and cellular neuroscience, behavioral neuroscience, behavioral science, and psychiatry. This volume of proceedings demonstrates the breadth of scientific perspectives represented at the conference and serves as a summary of the scholarly integration presented by each speaker. A primary goal of the Conference was to assess the degree of scientific enthusiasm and readiness for pursuing cross-disciplinary programs of research on topics relevant to developmental plasticity. To a great extent, the Conference succeeded as an educational forum. For example, it emphasized the growing recognition in the scientific community that in order to answer many of the challenging questions in mental health and disease, it will be important to build bridges between the behavioral sciences, neuroscience, and psychiatry. It also highlighted how building bridges between these scientific domains can be quite challenging. Each area of sciencebe it neuroscience, behavioral science, or V 6 PREFACE psychiatryhas a rich tradition and distinctive ways of conducting science, similar to a culture of science. In building bridges that span these diverse cultures, we need to find ways of fostering an atmosphere ofopenness that allows each culture to retain its unique richness while accepting, and hopefully, learning from others. Common interests will become the focal points in developing research agendas that help build the bridges and capitalizeon the strengths and diversity of approaches from each scientific perspective to help answer some of our most challenging questions in mental health. 7 vi Contents Page Acknowledgments iii Preface Agenda xiii Introduction Developmental Plasticity Conference 1 Della M. Hann Keynote Address Developmental Plasticity: Is It the "Plastics" of the 90s? 9 David J. Kupfer Stress and Early Development Activity-Dependent Synaptogenesis 21 Martha Constantine-Paton Hormones as Regulators of Brain Development 34 Bruce S. McEwen Biobehavioral Development In Prenatal Life: Basic Principles 51 Eugene K Emory Early Experience, Emotion, and Brain: Illustrations from the Developmental Psychopathology of Child Maltreatment 57 Dante Cicchetti Commentary: Concepts and Metaphors for a Multidisciplinary Approach to Developmental Plasticity 68 Martha K McClintock Cognition Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Cortical Development: Relevance to Congenital Cortical Malformations 77 Pasko Rakic Propagation of Developmental Errors Accounts for Perceptual and Cognitive Deficits in Learning Disability 79 Albert M. Galaburda vii. CONTENTS Page Neural Plasticity in Humans: Evidence From Children With Early Focal Brain Injury 81 Elizabeth Bates Behavioral Neurogenetics Research: A Method for Analyzing Linkages Among Gene, Brain, and Behavior 83 Allan L Reiss and Lisa Freund Commentary: Synapse Stabilization and Fragile X Protein Synthesis in the Rodent Brain 96 W.T. Greenough, T.A. Comery, S.A. Irwin, J.E. Black, and I.J. Weiler Social Behavior Toxic Environments, Neuronal Plasticity, and Delinquency 107 Joseph T Coyle Shaping Forces Within the Early Parent-Infant Relationship 115 Myron A. Hofer Early Emotional Development: Integrative Perspectives From Longitudinal Study 125 Robert Emde, JoAnn Robinson, and Robin Corley Maladies of LoveAn Evolutionary Perspective on Some Forms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 134 J.F. Leckman and L.C. Mayes Commentary: Developmental Plasticity and Continuity in