Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2007 Wireless multiuser communication systems: diversity receiver performance analysis, GSMuD design, and fading channel simulator Dongbo Zhang Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Electrical and Electronics Commons Recommended Citation Zhang, Dongbo, "Wireless multiuser communication systems: diversity receiver performance analysis, GSMuD design, and fading channel simulator" (2007). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 15587. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/15587 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Wireless multiuser communication systems: diversity receiver performance analysis, GSMuD design, and fading channel simulator by Dongbo Zhang A dissertation submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Major: Electrical Engineering Program of Study Committee: Yao Ma, Major Professor Julie Dickerson Daji Qiao Zhengdao Wang Huaiqing Wu Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2007 Copyright c Dongbo Zhang, 2007. All rights reserved. UMI Number: 3289389 UMI Microform 3289389 Copyright 2008 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 ii Dedicated To My Parents iii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES . vii LIST OF FIGURES . viii LIST OF ACRONYMS . xiv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . xvi ABSTRACT . xvii CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Overview of Multiuser Wireless Communication Systems . .1 1.2 Diversity Combining . .2 1.3 Imperfect Channel Estimation . .4 1.4 Multiuser Communication . .4 1.5 Fading Channel Simulator . .7 1.6 Problem Formulations and Main Results . .9 CHAPTER 2. ACCURATE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF QAM MRC RECEIVERS WITH IMPERFECT CHANNEL ESTIMATION . 18 2.1 Introduction . 18 2.2 System and Signal Model . 21 2.2.1 Signal Model . 21 2.2.2 PSAM-Based Channel Estimators . 22 2.2.3 Channel Estimation Error Model . 24 2.2.4 Symbol Detection . 24 2.3 BER Formulation for M-QAM . 24 iv 2.3.1 I-PAM .................................... 25 2.3.2 M-QAM . 28 2.4 Evaluating the BERs . 30 2.4.1 Reformulation of the BERs . 30 2.4.2 Evaluating the Distributions of the New DVs . 31 2.5 Numerical Examples and Discussions . 37 2.5.1 Verification of the BER Analysis . 37 2.5.2 Effects of Design Parameters . 39 2.6 Summary . 42 2.7 Appendix 2.A Formulation of BER of 16-PAM . 43 2.8 Appendix 2.B Derivation of Eigenvalues of Σvl (d)QH;2(βn)........... 47 2.9 Appendix 2.C Closed Form BER Result for I.I.D Rayleigh . 49 CHAPTER 3. PERFORMANCE OF GSC COMBINER UNDER GENER- ALIZED FADING CHANNELS WITH IMPERFECT CHANNEL ES- TIMATION . 50 3.1 Introduction . 50 3.2 System and Channel Model . 51 3.2.1 Signal Model and Channel Estimation Error Model . 51 3.2.2 GSC Combining . 51 3.3 MGF of GSC Output SNR Under CSI . 52 3.4 Constellation-Dependent Effective SNRs . 53 3.5 Numerical Results . 56 3.6 Summary . 59 CHAPTER 4. GENERALIZED SELECTION MULTIUSER DIVERSITY 60 4.1 Introduction . 60 4.2 System Model . 63 4.2.1 GSMuD System Model . 63 4.2.2 Channel Estimation Error Model . 64 v 4.3 Performance Metrics . 65 4.3.1 Statistics of the Ranked Users . 65 4.3.2 Outage probabilities . 68 4.3.3 BER Performance Under Given Thresholding . 69 4.4 GSMuD Algorithms . 71 4.4.1 AMC Design Algorithm . 71 4.4.2 Power Allocation Algorithm with Minimum-rate Constraint . 72 4.5 Numerical Examples . 74 4.6 Summary . 78 CHAPTER 5. OPTIMAL POWER ALLOCATION FOR GSMuD . 81 5.1 Introduction . 81 5.2 Signal Model . 82 5.3 Optimal Power Allocation Algorithms for a-GSMuD . 84 5.3.1 1-D Waterfilling over the User Channels . 85 5.3.2 2-D Waterfilling over the User Channels and Time . 87 5.4 Numerical Results . 89 5.5 Conclusions . 92 5.6 Appendix 5.A Closed-form Evaluation of (5.18) for Rayleigh Fading Case . 94 CHAPTER 6. FAIRNESS IN GSMuD . 96 6.1 Introduction . 96 6.2 Signal Model . 98 6.2.1 n-SNR based Ranking . 99 6.2.2 Performance Metrics to be Studied . 100 6.3 Performance of a-SNR-based Ranking . 101 6.3.1 Throughput and Fairness . 101 6.3.2 LCR and AFD . 103 6.3.3 Channel Access Statistics . 105 6.4 Performance of n-SNR-based Ranking . 106 vi 6.4.1 SNR Statistics . 106 6.4.2 Throughput and Fairness . 108 6.4.3 LCR and AFD . 109 6.4.4 Channel Access Statistics . 110 6.5 Numerical Results . 111 6.5.1 Throughput . 111 6.5.2 Fairness Metrics . 113 6.5.3 LCR, AFD, and Channel Access Statistics . 117 6.6 Summary . 119 6.7 Appendix 6.A AAP Expressions for a-SNR GSMuD . 121 6.8 Appendix 6.B Joint PDF of α andα _ for GSMuD . 122 6.9 Appendix 6.C AAR for a-SNR GSMuD . 123 CHAPTER 7. ACCURATE COMPLEX NAKAGAMI-m FADING CHAN- NEL SIMULATOR . 125 7.1 Introduction . 125 7.2 Nakagami-m Fading Channel Model . 126 7.3 Simulator Design . 129 7.3.1 First Approach . 130 7.3.2 Second Approach . 131 7.4 Mapping of Temporal Correlation Functions . 134 7.5 Simulation Results . 138 7.6 Conclusions . 142 CHAPTER 8. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK . 144 BIBLIOGRAPHY . 148 vii LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1 Coefficients for BER calculation for 4-PAM . 26 Table 2.2 Coefficients for BER calculation for 8-PAM . 28 Table 2.3 Coefficients for BER calculation for 16-PAM . 48 Table 3.1 The PDF and incomplete MGF expressions for the SNR in the nkth branch (for k = 1;:::;L) over Rayleigh, Rician, and Nakagami-m fading channels. In the table,γ ¯nk is the average SNR per branch. For the Ri- cian fading channels, Knk is the Rice-K factor, I0(x) is the zeroth-order modified Bessel function of the first kind, and Q1(a; b) is the first-order R 1 −(x2+a2)=2 Marcum-Q function defined as Q1(a; b) = b xe I0(ax)dx. For the Nakagami fading channel, mnk is the fading parameter, Γ(a; x) R 1 −t a−1 is the incomplete Gamma function defined as Γ(a; x) = x e t d t, and Γ(m) is the gamma function. 54 viii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1 Decision boundaries and bit-symbol mapping (b1; b2) for 4-PAM. B~1 and B~2 denote the bit decision boundaries for b1 and b2, respectively. 26.