Chapter 3 The Event-driven Cities: Architectural Practices in an Eyeball Era A4575_City and Countryside in China_Week4 Urbanization Periods in China 1964‐1983 (Third Front Movement, Industrialization, Militarism) …………………………………………..Mao Zedong 1980-1992 (Shenzhen, Southern Speech)……. Deng Xiaoping 1992-2003 (Bids for Olympic and World Expo)… Jiang Zemin 2003-2013 (Soft Power, Beijing Olympic and Shanghai Expo, Rise of the Rural Reconstruction Movement)………Hu Jintao 2013-now (Debts, Economic Slowdown, Possible Economic Collapse)………………………………………………... Xi Jinping July 13, 2001: Beijing wins the bid to host the 2008 Olympic Games November 10, 2001: WTO Ministerial Conference approves China's accession December 3, 2002: Shanghai won the bid from the five candidate cities of hosting the world expo 2010 September 11, 2001 2002: Richard Florida’s The Rise of the Creative Class published The Bilbao Effect since 1997 Starchitects Starchitects Beijing Olympic Green is located at the northern extended line of the Axis of old Beijing City which is the end of the northern tip of Axis. Thus the city Axis extends to 25km from the original 7.8km. That’s unique in the world urban construction history. In the past hundred years, radical changes within human history and society have helped to propagate biennales; and as it stands now, there are more than three hundred of them taking place all over the world. It is worth noting, however, that with the end of the cold-war era and the integration of the global economy, the concept of “nation-state” has itself been taking a less significant role. Biennales, in turn, have become less concerned with national identity and more closely resemble competitions between individual cities. Cities around the world swarm to the biennale model, creating cultural, artistic and other spectacles to attract multinational capital and visitors. The resulting boom of the travel industry has also triggered the regeneration of cities in the post-industrial era and, in Saskia Sassen’s terms, has turned them into "Global Cities" — nodes on a chain of global economy, financial markets and culture. Ou Ning, “City Mobilization: Towards Another Kind of Biennale”, South of Southern: Space, Geography, History and the Biennale, publication of 2009 Shenzhen and Hong Kong Bi-city Biennale or Urbanism \ Architecture, edited by Ou Ning, published by China Youth Press, Beijing, 2013. National Art Museum of China Ateliers Jean Nouvel / Beijing Institute Architecture Design (BIAD) Ghosts Olympic Past National Stadium, also known as the "Bird's Nest", now used for cultural and sports events.REUTERS/David Gray Children skate on an ice rink located inside the Olympic Stadium. REUTERS/David Gray A worker looks up at the honeycomb-shaped walls of the National Aquatics Centre, also known as the "Water Cube”. REUTERS/David Gray The deserted and unmaintained former venue for the kayaking competition of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. REUTERS/David Gray A security guard tries to find the puncture in the inner-tube of his bicycle tire by immersing it in the deserted and unmaintained former course for the kayaking competition of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.REUTERS/David Gray A car driven by a student of a driving school slowly moves around the carpark in front of the deserted 2008 Beijing Olympics venue for the cycling competition in central Beijing. REUTERS/David Gray Atlanta hosted the Summer Olympics in 1996. The Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium was used for baseball, but was demolished in 1997. The space was turned into 4,000 parking spaces. Photo: Jean Shifrin. Shanghai Expo 2010 Chinese Pavilion by He Jingtang Shanghai Expo 2010 UK Pavilion by Thomas Heatherwick Shanghai Expo 2010 Danish Pavilion by Bjarke Ingels Shanghai Expo 2010 Ningbo Tengtou Pavilion Designed by Wang Shu/Amateur Architecture Studio, Demolished on March 17, 2015 Tianzi Hotel, Hebei. Photograph: Wenn/Alamy Wuliangye Yibin building, Sichuan. Photograph: Chinarchblog.com Mobile phone building, Kunming. Photograph: David Myers/Alamy Piano and violin building, Huainan, Anhui. Photograph: Jianan Yu/Reuters Olympic Park, Huannan, Anhui. Image: Mei Jikui Teapot buildning, Wuxi, Jiangsu. Photograph: CNN Meitan Tea Museum, Guizhou.Photograph: Wang Laimao Wanda Mall, Nanchang, Jiangxi. Photograph: Jianan Yu/Reuters Hefei Drum Building, Anhui. Photograph: CNNEWS Hefei Art Museum, Anhui. Designed by Meng Jianmin Fangyuan Building, Shenyang. Designed by C.Y.Lee and Partners Guangzhou Circle. Designed by Joseph di Pasquale Gate of the Orient, Suzhou. Designed by RMJM, UK “PAIR OF PANTS” Lotus building, Wujin, Jiangsu. Designed by Studio 505, Australia National Centre for the Performing Arts, Beijing. Designed by Paul Andreu “BIG GOLDEN EGG” Galaxy Soho, Beijing. Designed by Zaha Hadid Phoenix Island, Hainan. Designed by Ma Yansong/MAD Architects Sheraton Hotel, Huzhou. Designed by Ma Yansong/MAD Architect Chongqing Renren Building CCTV, Beijing. Designed by OMA “BIG BOXER SHORT” Ou Ning (ed.), Odyssey: Architecture and Literature, publication of 2009 Shenzhen and Hong Kong Bi-city Biennale or Urbanism \ Architecture, China Youth Press, Beijing, 2009. Odyssey: Architecture and Literature 01 Han Dong: Luyeyuan Stone Sculpture Art Museum (Jiakun Architects, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 2002); 02 Zhu Wen: Yaluntzangpu Boat Terminal (Zhang Ke+Standard Architecture, Tibet, 2008); 03 Ching-yueh Roan: Slit House (Atelier Zhang Lei, Nanjing, 2007); 04 Lu Nei: Xiangshan Campus, China Academy of Art (Wang Shu, Hangzhou, 2008); 05 Hu Shuwen: Well Hall and Father’s House(MADA s.p.a.m., Lan Tian, Xi’an Province, 2005); 06 Hu Fang: Guangzhou Opera House (Zaha Hadid Architects, Guangzhou, 2009); 07 Hon Lai-chu: Urban Tulou (Meng Yan, Liu Xiaodu, Wang Hui + URBANUS Architecture and Design, Nanhai, Guangdong Province, 2008); 08 Sheng Keyi : Vanke Center (Steven Holl Architects, Shenzhen, 2009) 09 Zhang Yueran: Dashawan Beach Facility, Lianyungang (Zhu Xiaofeng + Scenic Architecture Office, Liandao, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, 2007). Discussion What do you think of these “strange”, “ugly” buildings in China? When you become a practical architect or urban designer, how do you deal with your clients? How can you insist on your “professional” opinions when the clients have a “unprofessional” requirement? When you finish a design, but the client use it in his own way(not the direction you expect), what can you do? .