Land at Malt Kiln Brow, Chipping, Lancashire Heritage Assessment Oxford Archaeology North August 2015 SCPi Bowland Ltd Issue No: 2013-14/1438 OA North Job No: L10602 NGR: 362090 443515 Document Title: LAND AT MALT KILN BROW, CHIPPING, LANCASHIRE Document Type: Heritage Assessment Client Name: SCPi Bowland Ltd Issue Number: 2013-14/1438 OA North Job Number: L10602 National Grid Reference: 362090 443515 Prepared by: Ian Miller Signed . Position: Senior Project Manager Date: August 2015 Approved by: Alan Lupton Signed Position: Operations Manager Date: August 2015 Oxford Archaeology North © Oxford Archaeology Ltd (2015) Mill 3 Janus House Moor Lane Mill Osney Mead Moor Lane Oxford Lancaster LA1 1GF OX2 0EA t: (0044) 01524 541000 t: (0044) 01865 263800 f: (0044) 01524 848606 f: (0044) 01865 793496 w: www.oxfordarch.co.uk e: [email protected] Oxford Archaeology Limited is a Registered Charity No: 285627 Disclaimer: This document has been prepared for the titled project or named part thereof and should not be relied upon or used for any other project without an independent check being carried out as to its suitability and prior written authority of Oxford Archaeology Ltd being obtained. Oxford Archaeology Ltd accepts no responsibility or liability for the consequences of this document being used for a purpose other than the purposes for which it was commissioned. Any person/party using or relying on the document for such other purposes agrees, and will by such use or reliance be taken to confirm their agreement to indemnify Oxford Archaeology Ltd for all loss or damage resulting therefrom. Oxford Archaeology accepts no responsibility or liability for this document to any party other than the person/party by whom it was commissioned. Land at Malt Kiln Brow, Chipping, Lancashire: Heritage Assessment 1 CONTENTS SUMMARY .....................................................................................................................3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.................................................................................................5 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................6 1.1 Background to the Heritage Assessment ........................................................6 1.2 The Setting......................................................................................................7 1.3 Legislative Framework and Guidance ............................................................8 1.4 Listed Buildings............................................................................................11 1.5 Conservation Areas.......................................................................................12 1.6 Assessing the Significance of Setting to Heritage Assets ............................13 2. METHODOLOGY .....................................................................................................19 2.1 Objectives .....................................................................................................19 2.2 Defining Significance ...................................................................................19 3. BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................21 3.1 Introduction...................................................................................................21 3.2 Background to Chipping...............................................................................21 3.3 The Development of Kirk Mill .....................................................................22 4. SUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF KIRK MILL ..............................................................29 4.1 Introduction...................................................................................................29 4.2 Phase 1: The Original Mill (1785)................................................................30 4.3 Phase 2: Early Expansion (c 1790-1801)......................................................31 4.4 Phase 3: Further Expansion (c Early Nineteenth Century)...........................33 4.5 Phase 4: Final Mill Development (c Mid-Nineteenth Century) ...................34 4.6 Phase 5: (c Late Nineteenth – Early Twentieth Century) .............................35 4.7 Phase 6: (c Mid-Late Twentieth Century) ....................................................36 5. ARCHAEOLOGICAL OVERVIEW OF THE WIDER SITE ...........................................37 5.1 Introduction...................................................................................................37 5.2 Area 1: Kirk Mill ..........................................................................................37 5.3 Area 2: The Main Mills Complex.................................................................38 5.4 Area 3: The Hive ..........................................................................................41 5.5 Area 4: Malt Kiln House...............................................................................42 5.6 Area 5: The New Cricket Pitch.....................................................................43 5.7 Summary of Known Sites of Archaeological Interest ..................................44 For the use of SCPi Bowland Ltd © OA North: August 2015 Land at Malt Kiln Brow, Chipping, Lancashire: Heritage Assessment 2 6. ASSESSMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE.............................................................................46 6.1 Overview of the Significance of Kirk Mill...................................................46 6.2 Significance of Kirk Mill: Exterior and Setting ...........................................46 6.3 Significance of Kirk Mill: Interior................................................................47 6.4 Current Condition of Kirk Mill.....................................................................49 6.5 Significance of Heritage Assets in the Wider Area ......................................49 6.6 Conservation Areas.......................................................................................50 7. IMPACT ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................51 7.1 Summary of the Proposals ............................................................................51 7.2 Impact Assessment in Relation to Significance............................................52 7.3 Assessment of Impact on the Setting............................................................58 7.4 Summary of Setting Impact Assessment ......................................................60 8. CONCLUSION ..........................................................................................................63 8.1 Conclusion ....................................................................................................63 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...........................................................................................................65 APPENDIX 1: GAZETTEER OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES ..........................................68 ILLUSTRATIONS ..........................................................................................................83 List of Figures.............................................................................................................83 For the use of SCPi Bowland Ltd © OA North: August 2015 Land at Malt Kiln Brow, Chipping, Lancashire: Heritage Assessment 3 SUMMARY This document aims to assess the archaeological significance and provide a heritage assessment of five separate land holdings on the fringe of the village of Chipping in Lancashire, and provide an archaeological perspective on the significance of the areas and their heritage assets, and thus inform a hybrid planning application that is being prepared for a proposed development. The first area concerns a Grade II listed building, Kirk Mill (centred on NGR 361975 443612), a former water-powered textile mill that survives largely intact, albeit is a poor condition. The detailed development proposals aim to repair and adapt this significant heritage asset for long-term use as a hotel and gastronomic pub, associated with the second proposed development area. This second area focuses on a former chair factory (centred on NGR 362090 443515) that was built in the mid-twentieth century, and is currently derelict. Detailed design proposals allow for the demolition of these redundant industrial buildings, and the erection of a new hotel and spa, with a purpose-built wedding centre and crèche. Additional hotel accommodation will be provided in an altered nineteenth-century stone barn that currently lies on the northern edge of the factory complex, which is to be converted for use as hotel cottages. The design proposals also allow for the construction of a new cricket pitch and associated facilities on the south-eastern edge of the village. In addition, an outline planning application concerns two areas of proposed residential development. Kirk Mill lies on the northern fringe of Chipping, adjacent to the Chipping Brook. It was built in 1785 on the site of a corn mill, which had been established by the fourteenth century. The mill remained in use for the production of cotton yarn until 1866, during which period it was subject to various alterations and additions. Following the closure of the mill in 1866, the building was taken over by the Berry family, who manufactured high-quality chairs in the building until 2010. Kirk Mill was afforded statutory designation as a Grade II listed building in 2010,