Reference 1 Number of Nuclear Warheads Arsenals and Their Major Means of Delivery by Country United States Russia United Kingdom France China 400 334 60 Minuteman III 400 SS-18 46 DF-5 CSS-4 20 ICBM （ ） SS-19 30 DF-31（CSS-10） 40 (Intercontinental ― ― SS-25 63 Ballistic Missiles) SS-27 78 RS-24 117 Missiles 148 IRBM DF-4（CSS-3） 10 ― ― ― ― MRBM DF-21（CSS-5） 122 DF-26 30 Reference 336 192 48 64 48 SLBM (Submarine Trident D-5 336 SS-N-18 48 Trident D-5 48 M-45 16 JL-2 CSS-NX-14 48 Launched （ ） SS-N-23 96 M-51 48 Ballistic Missiles) SS-N-32 48 Submarines equipped with nuclear ballistic 14 13 4 4 4 missiles 66 76 40 100 Aircraft B-2 20 Tu-95 (Bear) 60 ― Rafale 40 H-6K 100 B-52 46 Tu-160 (Blackjack) 16 Approx. 3,800 Approx. 4,350 (including 215 300 Approx. 280 Number of warheads Approx. 1,830 tactical nuclear warheads) Notes: 1. Data is based on “The Military Balance 2019,” the SIPRI Yearbook 2018, etc. 2. In March 2019, the United States released the following figures based on the new Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty between the United States and Russia as of March 1, 2019: the number of deployed strategic nuclear warheads for the United States was 1,365 and the delivery vehicles involved 656 missiles/aircraft; the number of deployed strategic nuclear warheads for Russia was 1,461 and the delivery vehicles involved 524 missiles/aircraft. However, according to the SIPRI database, as of January 2018, the number of deployed U.S. nuclear warheads was approx. 1,750 (including 150 tactical nuclear warheads) and that of Russian ones was 1,600. 3. In November 2015, the U.K.’s Strategic Defence and Security Review (SDSR) stipulated that the number of deployed nuclear warheads is to be no more than 120, while the number of nuclear warheads possessed is to be no more than 180. 4. According to the SIPRI database, India possesses 130-140 nuclear warheads, Pakistan 140-150, Israel a maximum of 90, and North Korea 10-20. Reference 2 Outline of Military Power of Major Countries and Regions Reference 3 Outline of Regular and Reserve Forces of Major Countries and (Approximate Numbers) Regions (Approximate Numbers) Ground Forces Maritime Forces Air Forces Country or Military Service Regular Reserves Region System (10,000 persons) (10,000 persons) Ground Number Tonnage Number Country or Forces Country or Country or of United States Volunteer 130 80 (10,000 of Region (10,000 Region Region Combat Conscription / tons) Vessels Russia 90 200 persons) Aircraft Volunteer India 124 United States 666.8 970 United States 3,521 United Kingdom Volunteer 15 8 North Korea 110 Russia 204.2 1,093 China 2,890 France Volunteer 20 4 China 98 China 178.7 754 Russia 1,468 Germany Volunteer 18 3 United Pakistan 56 58.0 130 India 928 Italy Volunteer 17 2 Kingdom India Volunteer 144 116 Republic of Republic of 49 India 47.8 315 640 Korea Korea China Conscription 204 51 United States 48 France 39.2 298 Egypt 599 North Korea Conscription 128 60 Vietnam 41 Indonesia 25.5 176 North Korea 545 Republic of Korea Conscription 62.5 310 Myanmar 38 Italy 23.6 183 Taiwan 495 Egypt Conscription 44 48 Republic of Iran 35 21.5 240 Pakistan 448 Israel Conscription 17 47 Korea Ground 14 3.3 (0.4) Egypt 31 Germany 21.1 118 France 430 Japan Volunteer Maritime 4.3 0.05 Indonesia 30 Australia 21.0 102 Turkey 360 Air 4.3 0.05 Russia 28 Turkey 21.8 195 Saudi Arabia 418 Turkey 26 Taiwan 20.5 392 Israel 369 Notes: 1. Data from “The Military Balance 2019” and other sources. 2. Figures for Japan show the actual strength of its Ground, Maritime, and Air Self-Defense Thailand 25 Spain 19.0 173 Iran 339 Forces as of the end of FY2018. The figure in parentheses shows the number of SDF Ready Reserve Personnel and is not included in the total figure. United Colombia 22 Brazil 17.8 109 295 3. Russia uses a personnel augmentation system which adds a contract employment system Kingdom (a type of volunteer system) to the preexisting conscription system. Japan 14 Japan 49.6 137 Japan 390 4. In Germany, as a result of the enactment of the Military Law Amendment Act in April 2011, the conscription system was suspended effective July 1, 2011, and the volunteer system Notes: 1. Data on ground forces and air forces is taken from “The Military Balance 2019” and other was newly introduced as a replacement of the former. sources, and data on maritime forces is taken from Jane’s Fighting Ships 2017-2018 and other sources. 2. Figures for Japan show the actual strength of its Self-Defense Forces as of the end of FY2018, and combat aircraft (Air Forces) include ASDF combat aircraft (excluding transports) and MSDF combat aircraft (only those with fixed wings). 3. Arrangement is in order of the scale of armed strength. Defense of Japan 460 Reference 4 Transition of Military Power in the Area Surrounding Japan Ground Forces Maritime Forces Air Forces (10,000 persons) (10,000 tons) (Number of Combat Aircraft) 2 5 0 2 5 0 8 ,0 0 0 1999 1999 1999 2009 2009 2009 2 0 0 2 0 0 2018 2018 6 ,0 0 0 2018 1 5 0 1 5 0 4 ,0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 2 ,0 0 0 Reference 5 0 5 0 0 0 0 Far East Russia China North Korea Japan Far East Russia China North Korea Japan Far East Russia China North Korea Japan Reference 5 National Security Strategy (Outline) economy, contribute even more proactively in securing peace, stability, (Approved by the National Security Council and prosperity of the international community, while achieving its own and the Cabinet on December 17, 2013) security as well as peace and stability in the Asia-Pacific region, as a “Proactive Contributor to Peace” based on the principle of international I. Purpose cooperation. This is the fundamental principle of national security that ❍ As Japan’s security environment becomes ever more severe, Japan Japan should stand to hold. needs to identify its national interests from a long-term perspective, 2. Japan’s National Interests and National Security Objectives determine the course it should pursue in the international community, National Interests and adopt a whole-government approach for national security policies ❍ To maintain its sovereignty and independence; to defend its territorial and measures in order to continue developing a prosperous and peaceful integrity; to ensure the safety of life, person, and properties of its society. nationals, and to ensure its survival while maintaining its own peace ❍ In a world where globalization continues, Japan should play an even and security and preserving its rich culture and tradition. more proactive role as a major global player in the international ❍ To achieve the prosperity of Japan and its nationals through economic community. development, thereby consolidating its peace and security (to this end, ❍ The Strategy, as fundamental policies pertaining to national security, it is essential that Japan strengthens the free trade regime and realizes presents guidelines for policies in areas related to national security. an international environment that offers stability, transparency and ❍ With the National Security Council (NSC) serving as the control predictability). tower, as well as with strong political leadership, the Government of ❍ To maintain and protect international order based on rules and universal Japan will implement national security policies in a more strategic and values, such as freedom, democracy, respect for fundamental human structured manner through a whole-government approach. rights, and the rule of law. ❍ When implementing policies in other areas, the Government of Japan National Security Objectives will give due consideration to national security so that Japan can utilize ❍ To strengthen the deterrence necessary for maintaining Japan’s peace its strengths, such as its diplomatic ability and defense capability, in a and security and for ensuring its survival, thus deterring threats from smooth and fully-functional way as a whole, based on the Strategy. directly reaching Japan; at the same time, if by any chance a threat ❍ The Strategy will guide Japan’s national security policy over the next should reach Japan, to defeat such threat and to minimize the damage. decade. Through the implementation of concrete policies, the NSC will ❍ To improve the security environment of the Asia-Pacific region, regularly carry out systematic evaluation and upgrade the Strategy in a and prevent the emergence of and reduce direct threats to Japan, timely and appropriate manner. through strengthening the Japan-U.S. Alliance, enhancing the trust II. Fundamental Principle of National Security and cooperative relationships between Japan and its partners within 1. Principles Japan Upholds and outside the Asia-Pacific region, and promoting practical security ❍ Japan is a country with rich culture and tradition, and upholds universal cooperation. values, such as freedom, democracy, respect for fundamental human ❍ To improve the global security environment and build a peaceful, rights and the rule of law. Japan has a wealth of highly educated human stable, and prosperous international community by strengthening the capital and high cultural standards, and is an economic power with international order based on universal values and rules, and by playing a strong economic capacity and high technological capabilities. Japan leading role in the settlement of disputes, through consistent diplomatic has achieved its development benefiting from an open international efforts and further personnel contributions.