/o <»/ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 it Ar a il::4i 2.0 I.I |||||m 1.25 U 1.6 nil V] <^ ^^ /}. '<^. w \\ /(!^ -<^^ r%' /;%. ^^ '-U^ O Photographic % <?> / 23 WEST MAIN STREET Sciences WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 Corporation CIHM/ICMH CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Collection de Series. microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques 1980 Technical and Bibliographic Notes/Notes techniques et bibliographiques The Institute has attempted to obtain the best L'lnstitut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire original copy available for filming. Features of this qu'll lui a 6t6 possible de se procurer. 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Les diagrammes suivants iilustrent la mdthode. 1 2 3 1 32X iiii JAMES AND MACDOUGALL ON THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY. '7i!r^, / 'V-^/ CAN. Excerpt M 25, ^^jhUhk ^|g|^|giyyy|_|g THE WESTERN DIVISION OP THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY. BY THE LATB J. C. JAMES AND ALAN MACDOUGALL, M. Inst. C.E., F.R.S.e. By permission of the Council. Excerpt Minutes of Proceedings of The Institution of Civil Engineers. Vol. Ixxvi. Session 1883-84. Part iL Edited by James Fobiest, Secretary. i LONDON: ?3ul)ltsf)El> tig t^t institution, 25, GREAT GEORGE STREET. WESTMINSTER, S.W. 1884. iThe right of Publication ami of Tramlation U retenied.] ' ADVliiltTlSEIilENT. and The Institution as a body is not responsible for the facts opinions advanced in the following pages. CLOWES AND BONS, LIMITED, STAMFORD STREET aRD CHABING CROSS. LONDON : PRINTED BT WH. THE INi^TITUTION OF CIVIL EN(HNEERS. S>X3T. II.—OTIIEK SELECTED PAPERS. {Paper No. 1927.) " The Western Division of the Canadian Pacific Railway." ' By the late J. C. James and Ai-an Macdouqalt., M. Inst. r.E., F.R.S.E. The first line of railway to cross the American coutiiiont was the Union Pacific, completed in May 1869, and the construction of this was justly entitled to the praise meted out to it ; it was an under- taking of great magnitude, and, to a large extent, an experiment. The railroad was built at the rate of 1 mile per day in many portions ; this rapidity of work not being confined to short sections, but extending over considerable distances. One of the most sur- and prising circumstances connected with its progress was the rapidity with which track was laid. It was an unequalled engineering success at that time. This road was similar in many respects to the Canadian Pacific Railway ; it entered an uninhabited and un- explored country, all labour, supplies for man and beast, and track materials had to come from its eastern end ; and, as the lino progressed, the field of action was always receding from the base of supplies. On these points there is a common comparison between the twq systems. During the working season of 1881 the progress of the Canadian Pacific Railway far exceiled that of any railway hitherto built ; satisfactory as this was, it was completely eclipsed by the progress effected in 1882. The Canadian Pacific Railway was originally projected by the Government of the Dominion on the Confederation of the Province of British Columbia in 1871, to give an all-rail route on Canadian territory. It had also another and equally important project, namely, the colonization of the extensive tracts of fertile land • Additional information, particularly as to the estimated cost of works, is contained in the following reports which will be found in the Library of tho : — Institution " Canadian Pacific Railway ; Report of Progress on the Ex- plorations and Surveys up to January, 1874,'' by Sandford Fleming, Eugineer- in-Chief. Also " Report on Surveys and Preliminary Operations up to January 1877;" and Reports 1879 and 1880. B 2 JAMEB AND MACDOUQALL ON [Selected forming the great North- V^eBt Territory. Surveys were com- menced at once and extended over several years, under the charge of Mr. Sandford Fleming, O.M.G., M. Tnst. C.E., who issued several reports on the country and the various projected routes. The line finally determined upon was located 20 miles to the north of what was then called Fort Garry, now the site of the city of Winnipeg, in continuation of the lino from Lake Superior. It took a north-westerly direction, passing to the east of Lake Manitoba, and crossing it at the neck of land near its centre ; then passing to the west of the lake and south-Avest of Lake Winnipcgoosis, till parallel 62° north latitude was intursocted nejJr 101° west ' agi- tude. Its route is thence westerly to Fort Edmonton, about 113° 30' west longitude, 53° 30' north latitude, till it enters the valley of the River Athabasca, 117° 20' west longitude, 53° 30' north latitude ; which it follows up to the Yellowhead Pass in the Hocky Mountains, about 118° 45' west longitude, 52° 50' north latitude. A good deal of Avork was done on this track, and the telegraph line erected as far as Fort Edmonton, and operated for several years. While these explorations were being carried on, the route from Thunder Bay, on Lake Superior, to Selkirk, the point north of Winnipeg already mentioned, was determined, and the contracts were let.