TANZANIA COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION (COI) REPORT COI Service 3 SEPTEMBER 2010 T ANZANIA 3 SEPTEMBER 2010 Contents Preface Paragraphs Background Information 1. GEOGRAPHY ................................................................................................................1.01 Zanzibar....................................................................................................................1.03 Map...........................................................................................................................1.05 2. ECONOMY ....................................................................................................................2.01 3. HISTORY (FROM INDEPENDENCE TO THE 2005 ELECTIONS)......................................................3.01 2005 ELECTIONS ...........................................................................................................3.03 4. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS .................................................................................................4.01 5. CONSTITUTION ..............................................................................................................5.01 6. POLITICAL SYSTEM .........................................................................................................6.01 Human Rights 7. INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................7.01 8. SECURITY FORCES .........................................................................................................8.01 Police........................................................................................................................8.01 Armed forces...........................................................................................................8.02 Human rights violations by government forces..................................................8.03 Arbitrary arrest and detention...............................................................................8.03 Torture...................................................................................................................8.04 Extra-judicial killings.............................................................................................8.05 Avenues of complaint.............................................................................................8.06 9. MILITARY SERVICE .........................................................................................................9.01 10. JUDICIARY ...................................................................................................................10.01 Organisation............................................................................................................10.01 Independence..........................................................................................................10.02 Fair trial....................................................................................................................10.03 11. ARREST AND DETENTION – LEGAL RIGHTS ...........................................................................11.01 12. PRISON CONDITIONS .......................................................................................................12.01 13. DEATH PENALTY ............................................................................................................13.01 14. POLITICAL AFFILIATION ....................................................................................................14.01 Freedom of political expression............................................................................14.01 Freedom of association and assembly.................................................................14.02 Opposition groups and political activists............................................................14.04 15. FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND MEDIA ......................................................................................15.01 Restrictions on the print media and journalists................................................15.04 16. HUMAN RIGHTS INSTITUTIONS, ORGANISATIONS AND ACTIVISTS ..................................................16.01 17. CORRUPTION ................................................................................................................17.01 18. FREEDOM OF RELIGION ...................................................................................................18.01 Overview..................................................................................................................18.01 Religious demography.........................................................................................18.02 Restrictions on religious freedom......................................................................18.03 19. ETHNIC GROUPS ............................................................................................................19.01 Languages...............................................................................................................19.02 20. LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL AND TRANSGENDER PERSONS ...........................................................20.01 Legal rights..............................................................................................................20.01 Treatment by, and attitudes of, state authorities................................................20.02 ii The main text of this COI Report contains the most up to date publicly available information as at 27 August 2010. 3 SEPTEMBER 2010 T ANZANIA Societal treatment and attitudes...........................................................................20.03 21. DISABILITY ...................................................................................................................21.01 22. WOMEN ......................................................................................................................22.01 Overview..................................................................................................................22.01 Legal rights..............................................................................................................22.04 Political rights.........................................................................................................22.06 Violence against women........................................................................................22.07 Domestic violence................................................................................................22.07 Rape.....................................................................................................................22.11 23. CHILDREN ....................................................................................................................23.01 Basic legal information..........................................................................................23.01 Legal rights..............................................................................................................23.02 Violence against children.......................................................................................23.03 Female genital mutilation.....................................................................................23.04 Education.................................................................................................................23.06 Health and welfare..................................................................................................23.07 24. TRAFFICKING ................................................................................................................24.01 Overview...............................................................................................................24.01 Government efforts to tackle trafficking..............................................................24.02 Protection.............................................................................................................24.03 25. MEDICAL ISSUES ...........................................................................................................25.01 Overview of availability of medical treatment and drugs...................................25.01 HIV/AIDS – anti-retroviral treatment......................................................................25.02 Cancer treatment.....................................................................................................25.04 Diabetes treatment..................................................................................................25.05 Tuberculosis treatment..........................................................................................25.06 Mental health...........................................................................................................25.07 26. FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT .................................................................................................26.01 27. CITIZENSHIP AND NATIONALITY ..........................................................................................27.01 Annexes Annex A – Chronology of major events Annex B – Political organisations Annex C – List of abbreviations Annex D – References to source material The main text of this COI Report contains the most up to date publicly available information as at 27 August 2010. iii 3 SEPTEMBER 2010 T ANZANIA Preface i This Country of Origin Information (COI) Report has been produced by the COI Service, United Kingdom Border Agency (UKBA),