MASTERARBEIT / MASTER’S THESIS Titel der Masterarbeit / Title of the Master‘s Thesis „Patterns of Consciousness Formation among Women belonging to the Dari-speaking Afghan Diasporas of Austria and Pakistan.“ verfasst von / submitted by Mechthild Geyer, BA MSc angestrebter akademischer Grad / in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (MA) Wien, 2019 / Vienna 2019 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt / A 066 805 degree programme code as it appears on the student record sheet: Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt / Masterstudium Globalgeschichte und Global Studies degree programme as it appears on the student record sheet: Betreut von / Supervisor: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Margarete Maria Grandner Acknowledgements This is dedicated to all who have contributed to the realization of this project. Of course, I need to apologize that I cannot mention every person who participated in this research - especially, the 57 women in Austria and Pakistan who were content to fill my questionnaires. So, everyone mentioned down below represents some greater background and network. Although this work has tried to make obvious, that representations always fail to depict the reality, it needs to make use of these representations. Knowing that life is much more than that: more amazing, more colorful and more diverse than any of our representations can articulate. Thank you and tashakkor besior siod for supporting me learning this! Kobra Gol Ahmadi, pharmaceutical assistant in Vienna, mother of one cheerful daughter, my friend, for her advice, the distribution of ten questionnaires and her energizing spirit. Elaine Alam, Secretary General of FACES Pakistan, for her openminded attitude and for facilitating my entire research stay in Lahore. Michael Fanizadeh, fellow of the Vienna Institute for International Dialogue and Cooperation (VIDC), director of the consortium Migration & Development of the umbrella organization Global Responsibility, for his advice and his support in networking. Franz Geyer, doctor, my beloved father, for listening and supporting me financially. Mir Ghousuddin, founder and head of the cultural association Afghanische Kultur, Integration und Solidarität (AKIS), social worker in Vienna, my friend, for his imperturbable belief in me, his strong support in networking and in the distribution of questionnaires. Margarete Maria Grandner, professor at the University of Vienna, associate chairwoman of the Department of Development Studies there, supervisor of this thesis, for her wise counsel in many respects and her pragmatism that not rarely helped me to get my head out of the clouds. Eva Maria Gromotka-Geyer, doctor, my dearly beloved mummy, for myriads of hours she spent listening and giving sage advice, not least for supporting me financially. Korbinian Grünwald, doctoral candidate at the University of Vienna, my friend and supporter, for reading my groundworks and counseling. Placidus Bernhard Heider, lecturer at the universities of Salzburg, Munich (LMU), Regensburg and Ulm, chaplain, my dear friend and teacher, for being prepared to debate, for answering every request, and for being there. Ali Hosseini, chairman of the cultural association KATIB, for his openness and his spontaneous support of this research. Tanya Kayhan, founder and director of the cultural association Interkulturelles Entwicklungszentrum, for her strong support and her many helpful assertions. Nasir Khan, faculty member of the Department of Education at the International Islamic University Islamabad (IIU), my friend and brother, for encouraging me again and again to go for my dreams. Yasir Khan, doctoral candidate at the University of Vienna, my friend and supporter, for the many hours he spent with organizing my research stay in Pakistan, for his wise counsel and for his encouraging spirit. Jafar Khavari, skilled cameraman and human rights activist, for connecting me with many helpful persons and for encouraging me with his vitality. Farhad Langari, fellow of the cultural association AKIS, my friend, for translating my questionnaire and counseling. Herbert Langthaler, outreach director of the Asylkoordination, for accompanying all my activities benevolently and giving strong support in networking. Amna Mahmood, professor and chairperson of the Department for Political Science and International Relations at the International Islamic University Islamabad, my friend and teacher, for her warm-heartedness and her willingness to discuss my project intensively. Nabila Naseri Naebkhel, legal advisor from Kabul living in Vienna, mother of five, my friend and sister, for many translations she’s made on my behalf, for her loving support and strong contributions to the study’s issue. Tehzeeb Nayyer, development assistant at FACES Pakistan, mother of one lovely daughter, my dear friend, for spending wonderful time with me in Lahore, for answering all my questions and seeing me to the refugee camp. Nader Nazari, founder and head of the cultural association KATIB, for his willingness to cooperate and for his great hospitality. Michael Platzer, fellow of the Academic Council on the United Nations System (ACUNS), for investing a lot of time in me and my project, and for advising me prudently. Fazel Rahman, foundation member and director of the cultural association Afghan Wulas, my friend, for his advice and support. Farhan Raza, educationist and human rights activist, my friend, for his belief in me and the spread of my concern all around Austria. Syed Asad Abbas Rizvi, assistant professor at the International Islamic University Islamabad, my friend and colleague, for the myriads of hours he spent with networking, for facilitating my entire research stay in Islamabad and for conveying good advice steadily. Afsar Rathor, fellow of the Academic Council on the United Nations System (ACUNS), for his hospitality and his sage advice. Asif Safdary, member of the cultural association Interessensgemeinschaft Afghanischer SchülerInnen und StudentInnen (IGASuS), for his interest, his encouraging and innovative spirit and his support in distributing questionnaires. Akhtar Hussain Sandhu, professor at the Department of History, University of Education Lahore, my friend and colleague, for welcoming me very warm-heartedly in Lahore, for his cordial hospitality, and his advice concerning my project. Amadou-Lamine Sarr, lecturer at the Department of History, University of Vienna, subinvestigator of the defense of this project, for his willingness to invest time and advise me, and for living the spirit of equality. Javaid William, director of FACES Pakistan, for welcoming me openly and facilitating my entire research stay in Lahore. Andreas Zinggl, taskmaster of the Austrian Caritas’ Foreign Aid section Pakistan, for his strong support in networking with Pakistani institutions and his infectious capacity for enthusiasm. On the next two pages, the acknowledgments are repeated in Dari. Translation English – German: Mechthild Geyer. Translation German – Dari: Nabila Naseri Naebkhel. سپاس نامه این شکر گذاری(سپاس نامه) به انعده اشخاصی اختصاص داده شده است که در اجرای این پروژه کمک نموده اند ازینکه قادر به ذکر اسامی تمام همکاران این پروژه نمیباشم عذر خواهی مینمایم یک تشکر خاص از)۵۷)تن زنانیکه در اتریش و پاکستان پرسشنامه مرا اماده و تکمیل نموده اند مینمایم اسم های را که درین سپاسنامه ذکر نموده ام یک پس زمینه بزرگ و یک شبکه است اگر چه این کار تﻻش کامل نموده نشان دهد که نماینده گی ها همیشه نامناسب برای نشان دادن تمام واقعیت ها است من باید ازاین نمایندهگی ها استفاده کنم من این کار را با دانش کامل انجام میدهم که زنده گی جذاب تر ، رنگین تر، متنوع تر و بیشتر از ان است که نمایندهگی ما بیان میتواند است سپاس زیاد از کمک شما به من در یادگیری اسامی ذیل به اساس الفبای ﻻتین کبرا گل احمدی : دستیار دارویی در وین مادر دختر روشنفکر، دوست من برای مشاوره و توزیع )۱۰ (پرسشنامه و نگرانی های پر ارژی ایشان پاکستان برای نگرش باز ایشان و فراهم نمودن زمینه برای انجام FACES الیام آرام :دبیرکل تحقیقات من در ﻻهور پاکستان ریس گروه کاری VIDC مایکل فانی زاده :کارمند موسسه وین برای گفتگو و همکاری بین المللی محاجرت و توسعه سازمان جهانی چتر برای مشاوره و .پشتیبانی ایشان از این شبکه فرانس گایر :پدر .عزیز .من برای حمایت مالی و گوش دادن به من دوست من و کارمند اجتماعی در وین برای AKIS غوث الدین میر :بنیانگذار و مدی انجمن فرهنگی اعتماد و ایمان بی قید و شرط به من و حمایت قوی ایشان در توزیع پرسشنامه وحمایت از شبکه مارگاریت ماریا گاردنر :استاد در دانشگاه وین ، معاون موسسه بین المللی توسعه و کارشناس ان برای مشوره های عاقﻻنه و مصلحت گرایی هایشان که اغلب به من کمک نمود تا سر خود را از ابرها بیرون بیاورم ایفا ماریا گروموتکا گایر :داکتر .و مادر دوستداشتنی من برا ساعت های بیشماری که به من گوش داده و مشوره های خوبی ارایه نموده و همچنان کمک های مالی ایشان لوربینیان گرون والد :دانشجوی دوکتورا در دانشگاه وین دوست و حامی من برای خواندن کار و پیشگامی من و مشاوره های ایشان پﻻسیدوس برنهارد هایدر مدرس در دانشگاه سالزبورگ ، مونیخ. رگسنبورگ و اولم )شبان( دوست صمیمی و معلم من برای جواب دادن به سوال ها و تمایل رسیده گی بیشتر ایشان یعنی همیشه برای من حاضر بوده اند علی حسینی :ریس انجمن فرهنگی کاتب برای باز بودن و حمایت شان برای این تحقیق تانیا کیهان :بنیانگذار و مدیر مرکز فرهنگی توسعه فرهنگی برای پشیبانی قوی و بیان نکات مفید شان ناصر خان :مدرس در .دانشگاه وزارت آموزش و پرورش از .اسﻻم اباد مدرس در دانشگاه اسﻻمی و وزارت آموزش و پرورش از اسﻻم اباد دوست و برادر من که همیشه به من IIU بین المللی جرعت داده است تا رویا های خود را تحقق ببخشم یاسر خان دانشجوی دوکتورا در دانشگاه وین دوست و حامی من که ساعت های بیشماری را برای سازماندهی تحقیقات من در پاکستان صرف نموده و .همچنان مشاوره های عاقﻻنه و روان قوی ایشان جعفر خاوری :فلمبردار .آموزش دیده و فعال حقوق بشر که بسیار ی از اطﻻحات مفید را به من ارایه نموده و مرا با شور و نشاط خود الهام بخشیده است دوست من و برای ترجمه پرسشنامه و رهنمایی AKIS فرهاد لنگری :کامند انجمن فرهنگی هربرت لنگ تاهلر :ریس روابط عمومی انحطاف پذیری محاجرین برای پشیبانی قوی از همنوع خود فعالیت های من و .شبکه، آمنه محمود : .استاد و ریس موسسه علوم سیاسی و روابط بین المللی در اسﻻم اباد دانشگاه اسﻻمی .