DOCUMENT RESUME ED 222 832 CG 016 300 AUTHOR Lettieri, Dan J., Ed.; Ludford, Jacqueline P., Ed. TITLE Drug Abuse and the American Adolescent. NIDA Research Monograph 38. A RAUS Review Report. INSTITUTION National Inst. on Drug Abuse (DHHS), Rockville, Md. Div. of Research. REPORT NO DHHS-ADM-81-1166 PUB DATE 8 Sep 80 NOTE 140p.; Papers presented at the Research Analysis and Utilization System (RAUS) Review Conference on Drug Abuse and the American Adolescent (Rockville, MD, September 8, 1980). AVAILABLE FROMSuperintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. PUB TYPE Collected Works - Conference Proceedings (021) Reference Materials - Bibliographies (131) Reports Research/Technical (143) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC06 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTCRS *Adolescents; Biomedicine; Cohort Analysis; *Delinquent Behavior; Drinking; *Drug Abuse; Individual Differences; Literature Reviews; Longitudinal Studies; *Peer Influence; Personality Traits; *Predictor Variables; Secondary Education; *Youth Problems IDENTIFIERS *Epidemiology ABSTRACT This report reviews five studiei-dealing with drug abuse and adolescence and presents an overview of the social changes which have contributed to the increased use of marijuana and other illicit drugs. The importance of the longitudinal study as a research tool is emphasized in describing the research projects that dealwith the epidemiology of drug use, personality and sociodemographic factors, peer influence, the relationship between delinquency and drug use, and its biomedical consequences. The report closes with an executive summary, discussion, and suggestions for further research. An annotated list of NIDA (National Institute of DrugAbuse) research monographs is included. (JAC) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** Drug Abuse and the American Adolescent Editors: Dan J. Lettieri, Ph.D. Jacqueline P. Ludford, M.S. National Institute on Drug Abuse U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EOUCATION EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) NIDA Research Monograph 38 1:3 This document has been reproducedas received from the parson or organization originating it. A RAUS Review Report .tl\Minor changes have been mad*to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this docu- ment do not necessarily represent official NIE Position or policy. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration National Institute on Drug Abuse Division of Research 5600 Fishers Lane Rockville, Maryland 20857 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government PrintingOffice Washington, D.C. 20402 The NIDA Research Monograph series is prepared by the Division of Research of the National Institute on Drug Abuse. Its primary objective is to provide critical reviews 21 research problem areas and techniques, the content of state-of-the- arMonferences, integrative research reviews and significant original research.Its dual publication emphasisIs rapid and targeted dissemination to the scientific and professional community. - Editorial Advisory Board Avram Goldstein, M.D. Addiction Research Foundation Polo Alto. California Jerome Jaffe, M.D. College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia University, New York Reese T. Jones, M.D. Langley Porter Neurapsychiatric Institute University of California San Francisco. California Jack Mendelson, M.D. Alcohl and Drug Abuse Research Center Harvard Medical School McLean Hospital Belmont. Massachusetts Helen Nowlis, Ph.D. Office of Drug Education, DHHS Washington D C Lee Robins, Ph.D. Washington University School of Medicine St Louis. Missouri NIDA Research Monograph series William Po Ilin, M.D. DIRECTOR, NIDA Marvin Snyder, Ph.D. DIRECTOR, DIVISION OF RESEARCH, NIDA Robert C. Petersen, Ph.D. EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Eleanor W. Waldrop MANAGING EDITOR Park lawn Building, 5t00 Fishei Lone. Rockville, Maryland 20857 ACKNOWLEDGMENT This monograph is based upon papers and discussionfrom the RAUS Review Conference on Drug Abuse and the American Adolescent, held September 8, 1980, in Rockville, Maryland. Arrangements for the conference, sponsored by the Division of Research, National Insti- tute on Drug Abuse, were made by CDP Associates, Inc., Rorkville, Maryland20852, under NIDA Contradt No. 271-79-3636. OOPYRIGHT STATUS The table on page 86 is adapted from material copyrighted bythe National Council on Crime and DelinqUency andmay be under copy- right. Before reprinting, readers are advised to determine its copyright status or to secure permission of the copyright holder. The quotation on pages 88-89 is copyrighted by HemispherePublish- ing Corporation. It appeared in Johnston, L.D., O'Malley, P.M., and Eveland, L.K. Drugs and delinquency: A search for causal con- nections. In: Kandel, D.B., ed. Longitudinal Research on Drug Use: Empirical Findings and Methodological Issues. The table on page 91 is copyrighted by The Sociological Quarterly. All the above are reproduced with the permission of the copyright holders. Ail other material contained in this volume except quotedpassages from copyrighted sources is in the public domain andmay be used or reproduced without permission from the Institute or the authors. Citation of the source is appreciated. Opinions expressed in this volume are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions or official policy of the National Institute on Drug Abuse; Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration; Public Health Service; or the Departmentof Health and Human Services. Library of Congress catalog card number 81-600120 DHHS publication number (ADM)81-1166 Printed 1981 NIDA Research Monographs are indexed in the Sndex Medicus. They are selectively included in the coverage of BioSciences InfOrma- tion Service, Chemical Abstracts, Current Contents, Psychological Abstracts, and Psychopharmacology Abstracts. iv Preface The Research Analysis and Utilization System (RADS) is designed to serve four functions: oCollection and systematic classification of findings of all intramural and extramural research supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA); o Evaluation by scientific peers of the latest research find- ings; o Regular dissemination of findings to researchers in the field and to administrators, planners, instructors, and other interested persons; o Provision of a feedback mechanism to NIDA staff and plan- ners so that administration and monitoring of the NIDA research program reflect the very latest knowledge,gleaned from research in the field. Since there is a limit to the number of research findings that can be intensively reviewed annually, four subject areas are chosen each year and subjected to a thorough review. The reviewers, distin- guished scientists in the selected field, are provided with copies of all pertinent literature and reports from NIDA-funded research. They are invited to add to this any information derived from their own research and that of colleagues not funded by,NIDA.Each reviewer writes a state-of-the-art paper in his or her particular subject area. These papers make up a RAUS Review Report in the NIDA Research Monograph series. Additionally, an evaluative meeting is held for presentation of the papers and exchange of ideas among the scientists and with NIDA staff. This meeting has sometimes been referred to as the "therefore" meeting: Here is our position: therefore, where are we going next, and where should.further research lead?Should we alter our path? Step up NIDA support because new needs have arisen or new develop- ments hold special promise? Discussions at the meeting and the specific recommendations of the experts in the field provide a basis upon which NIDA evolves its plans for future research. In Fiscal Year 1980, Drug Abuse and the American Adolescent was cho- sen as an area for RAUS review. The review centered on the epidemi- ology of drug abuse among American adolescents, with particular emphasis on marijuana use because this is the most prevalent type of illicit drug used by adolescents. The factors which contribute to the init were also covered. Dr. Denise Kandel, who chaired the meeting; has'Presented a compre- hensive overview of the subject in the first_paper. Other aspects of the topic reviewed include the epidemiology of drug use patterns among teen-agers; the personality and sociodemographic factors associated with drug use; the influence of family and peer group on the adolescent's drug-abusing behavior or lack thereof; the relation- ship between drug abuse and crime; and a review of the biomedical consequences of drug use in adolescents. DT. Robert Russell has summarized the salient points of the papers and the discussion in the Executive Summary.Dr. Dan Lettieri; Chief; Psychological Sciences Branch; NIDA Division of Research; directed the scientific discdssion. Jacqueline P. Ludford; M.S. Coordinator Research Analysis and Utilization System vi Contents Preface Jacqueline P. LudfOrd Drug Use by Youth: An Overview Denise a. 1<andel 1 Epidemiology of Drug Use Among Adolescents Judith Droitcour Miller 25 Personality and Sociodemographic Factors in Adolescent Drug Use Kelin E. Gersick 39 From Family to Peer: Transitions of Influence Among Drug-Using Youth Thomas J. Giynn 57 The Delinquency and DTug Use Relationship Among Adolescents: A Critical Review Richard R. Clayton