Purdue University Purdue e-Pubs Purdue University Press Books Purdue University Press Summer 7-15-2019 Transforming Trauma: Resilience and Healing Through Our Connections With Animals Philip Tedeschi University of Denver Molly Anne Jenkins University of Denver Follow this and additional works at: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/purduepress_ebooks Part of the Health Psychology Commons, and the Veterinary Medicine Commons Recommended Citation Tedeschi, Philip, and Jenkins, Molly Anne, Transforming Trauma: Resilience and Healing Through Our Connections With Animals. (2019). Purdue University Press. (Knowledge Unlatched Open Access Edition.) This document has been made available through Purdue e-Pubs, a service of the Purdue University Libraries. Please contact [email protected] for additional information. NEW DIRECTIONS IN THE HUMAN-ANIMAL BOND Series editors: Alan M. Beck and Marguerite E. O’Haire, Purdue University A dynamic relationship has always existed between people and animals. Each influences the psychological and physiological state of the other. This series of scholarly publications, in collaboration with Purdue University’s College of Veterinary Medicine, expands our knowledge of the interrelationships between people, animals, and their environment. Manuscripts are welcomed on all aspects of human-animal interaction and welfare, including therapy applications, public policy, and the application of humane ethics in managing our living resources. Other titles in this series: A Reason to Live: HIV and Animal Companions Vicki Hutton That Sheep May Safely Graze: Rebuilding Animal Health Care in War-Torn Afghanistan David M. Sherman Animal-Assisted Interventions in Health Care Settings: A Best Practices Manual for Establishing New Programs Sandra B. Barker, Rebcca A. Vokes, and Randolph T. Barker Moose! The Reading Dog Laura Bruneau and Beverly Timmons Leaders of the Pack: Women and the Future of Veterinary Medicine Julie Kumble and Donald F. Smih Exploring the Gray Zone: Case Discussions of Ethical Dilemmas for the Veterinary Technician Andrea DeSantis Kerr, Robert “Pete” Bill, Jamie Schoenbeck Walsh, and Christina V. Tran Pet Politics: The Political and Legal Lives of Cats, Dogs, and Horses in Canada and the United States Susan Hunter and Richard A. Brisbin, Jr. Free Market Dogs: The Human-Canine Bond in Post-Communist Poland Michał Piotr Pręgowski and Justyna Włodarczyk Teaming With Your Therapy Dog Ann R. Howie Come, Let Me Guide You: A Life Shared With a Guide Dog Susan Krieger Animal Cruelty and Freedom of Speech: When Worlds Collide Abigail Perdue and Randall Lockwood Edited by Philip Tedeschi and Molly Anne Jenkins Foreword by Dr. Bruce D. Perry Purdue University Press, West Lafayette, Indiana Copyright 2019 by Purdue University. Printed in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Tedeschi, Philip, 1961– editor. | Jenkins, Molly Anne, 1979– editor. Title: Transforming trauma : resilience and healing through our connections with animals / [edited by] Philip Tedeschi, Molly Anne Jenkins. Other titles: New directions in the human-animal bond. Description: West Lafayette, Indiana : Purdue University Press, [2019] | Series: New directions in the human-animal bond | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2019008633 | ISBN 9781557537959 (pbk. : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781612495200 (epub) | ISBN 9781557538505 (epub open access knowledge unlatched) | ISBN 9781612495194 (epdf) Subjects: | MESH: Animal Assisted Therapy — methods | Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders — therapy | Bonding, Human-Pet | Resilience, Psychological Classification: LCC RM931.A65 | NLM WM 450.5.A6 | DDC 615.8/5158 —​ dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019008633 An electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of librar- ies working with Knowledge Unlatched. KU is a collaborative initiative designed to make high-quality books Open Access for the public good. The Open Access ISBN for this book is 978-1-55753-850-5. Cover image: “Safe” by Elicia Edijanto, 2014, watercolor on paper. From the artist: “My art is my cathartic release, just like a journal or diary where I can share my feelings. For me, nature is always the best remedy. River flowing, herd of horses running, sun setting, moving grasses of the savanna, and so forth can always bring tranquility and reassure my mind. The relationship between human and animals and nature is very beautiful. I use children and animal as my subjects because they’re honest and sincere. They both have inimitable compassion toward each other. It’s so easy to catch the subtleties in their gestures and expressions because they’re unpretentious. Back in the old days, we used to live in nature, side by side with all its elements—human, animals, plants, in harmony. We used to live in balance and complement each other. This thought has such a calming effect on me, and when I put it in a painting, I feel a wonderful peace inside. I want people to feel it too. I want to share this beautiful feeling.” Dedications Philip Tedeschi Some of my most trusted and reliable friends are nonhuman animals. Fortunately, in my own life, the human-animals who raised and loved me were trustworthy as well. I want to express my deepest gratitude to my parents — John and Anne Tedeschi, both inspired intellectuals and schol- ars — whose commitment to issues of social justice, respect for others, and learning is only surpassed by the love they have for their children. In the safe harbor of our home, my sisters and I were encouraged to learn, to think for our ourselves, and to seek adventure and exploration. Throughout my life, these gifts have helped me connect with animals and the natural world, as well as raise a family of my own. This book and its penetrating message of wonder and hope is dedicated to the loves of my life: my wife, Rebecca Albright, and my children, Gemma, Ruby, and Micah Tedeschi. You power my world, and it has been my genuine honor to share this life with you. My heartfelt gratitude goes out to my fantastic colleagues and the indomitable team at the Institute for Human-Animal Connection at the Graduate School of Social Work, University of Denver. You are many and you know who you are. Namaste. Molly Anne Jenkins I owe a great debt of gratitude to my dear ones — both human and animal, too many to count or mention here — who offered insight and surrounded me with encouragement throughout the creation of this most exciting book. Thank you, Phil, for always inspiring me to come into my own and to take the conversation in new, unexplored directions. To mom, my first editor: thank you for your unwavering dedication to the causes that matter, for your support of me and my writing, for giving me Riley when I needed him most. With all my love, I dedicate the pages that follow to my sweet little family — Queenie, whose friendship swells my heart; Murray, who keeps me ever on my toes; and my wondrous Nick, who believes in me and says so, day in and day out. Contents Foreword xi Bruce D. Perry, MD, PhD Introduction Human Trauma and Animals: Research Developments, Models, and Practice Methods for Trauma-Informed Animal-Assisted Interventions Philip Tedeschi, MSSW, LCSW; and Molly A. Jenkins, MSW, AASW 1 Chapter 1 The Impact of Human-Animal Interaction in Trauma Recovery Marguerite E. O’Haire, PhD; Philip Tedeschi, MSSW, LCSW; Molly A. Jenkins, MSW, AASW; Sally R. Braden, MSW, AASW; and Kerri E. Rodriguez, MS 15 Chapter 2 Advocacy and Rethinking Our Relationships With Animals: Ethical Responsibilities and Competencies in Animal-Assisted Interventions Zenithson Ng, DVM, MS, DABVP (Canine and Feline) 55 Chapter 3 Clinical Objectives for Animal-Assisted Interventions: Physiological and Psychological Targets in Trauma-Informed Practice Andrea M. Beetz, MA, PhD; and Ira Schöfmann-Crawford, MA 91 Chapter 4 Implications of Animal-Assisted Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Developmental Trauma Through the Lens of Interpersonal Neurobiology Nancy Parish-Plass, MA; and Jessica Pfeiffer, LCSW, SSW 123 vii viii TRANSFORMING TRAUMA Chapter 5 The Power of Play and Animals: Animal Assisted Play Therapy as an Integrative Practice Model for Mental Health Treatment Risë VanFleet, PhD, RPT-S, CDBC 189 Chapter 6 Children and Animals: The Importance of Human-Other Animal Relationships in Fostering Resilience in Children Sarah M. Bexell, PhD; Susan Clayton, PhD; and Gene Myers, PhD 217 Chapter 7 The Healing Power of Nature: The Impact of Interventions in Farm Settings Michael Kaufmann; Miyako Kinoshita, M.S.Ed.; and Susan Puckett Teumer, MA 241 Chapter 8 Horses in the Treatment of Trauma Nina Ekholm Fry, MSSc., CCTP 265 Chapter 9 Why the Dog? Ann R. Howie, MSW; Aubrey H. Fine, EdD; and Lindsay A. Rojas, LSW, MSW, AASW 299 Chapter 10 Animals in Action: Therapeutic Roles in Healing Military Trauma Cheryl A. Krause-Parello, PhD, RN, FAAN; Allison E. Boyrer, MS, MA, BSN, RN; and Eleni Padden, BA 327 Chapter 11 The Battle for Hearts and Minds: Warrior Canine Connection’s Mission-Based Trauma Recovery Program Rick A. Yount, LSW; Robert Koffman, MD; and Meg D. Olmert 355 Chapter 12 Animal-Assisted Crisis Response: Offering Opportunity for Human Resiliency During and After Traumatic Incidents Raquel Lackey, CGA, CMA, CGMA; and Gehrig Haberstock, MSW, AASW 373 Chapter 13 Loss, Grief, and Bereavement in the Context of Human-Animal Relationships Susan Cohen, DSW; and Adam Clark, LCSW, AASW 395 Contents ix Chapter 14 The Global and Cross-Cultural Reach of Trauma-Informed Animal-Assisted Interventions Betty Jean Curran, LMSW, AASW; Molly A. Jenkins, MSW, AASW; and Philip Tedeschi, MSSW, LCSW 423 Conclusions Molly A. Jenkins, MSW, AASW; and Philip Tedeschi, MSSW, LCSW 463 Selective Index 475 Foreword Trauma, resilience, healing, and connection—these words have permeated the young field of traumatology for the last thirty years. Indeed, hundreds of articles, book chapters, and books have these words in the titles; thou- sands of researchers and clinicians study and write about trauma, resilience, connection, and healing.