ICES WGFTFB REPORT 2016 SCICOM/ACOM STEERING GROUP ON INTEGRATED ECOSYSTEM OBSERVATION AND MONITORING ICES CM 2016/SSGIEOM:22 REF. ACOM AND SCICOM Report of the Working Group on Fishing Technology and Fish Behaviour (WGFTFB) 25-29 April 2016 Merida, Mexico International Council for the Exploration of the Sea Conseil International pour l’Exploration de la Mer H. C. Andersens Boulevard 44–46 DK-1553 Copenhagen V Denmark Telephone (+45) 33 38 67 00 Telefax (+45) 33 93 42 15 www.ices.dk [email protected] Recommended format for purposes of citation: ICES. 2016. Report of the Working Group on Fishing Technology and Fish Behaviour (WGFTFB), 25-29 April 2016, Merida, Mexico. ICES CM 2016/SSGIEOM:22. 183 pp. For permission to reproduce material from this publication, please apply to the Gen- eral Secretary. The document is a report of an Expert Group under the auspices of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea and does not necessarily represent the views of the Council. © 2016 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea ICES WGFTFB REPORT 2016 | i Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................... 1 1 Administrative details .................................................................................................... 4 2 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 5 3 Terms of Reference.......................................................................................................... 6 4 Participants and Meeting Agenda ................................................................................ 8 5 Explanatory Note on Meeting and Report Structure ................................................ 9 6 Mini-symposium: Technology Development and Sustainable Fisheries ........... 10 6.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 10 6.2 Challenges and Advantages in Static Fishing Gears ...................................... 10 6.3 Encouraging Technological Change in Capture Fisheries ............................ 13 6.4 Energy and Greenhouse Gas Reduction in Capture Fisheries ...................... 17 6.5 Technology and Practice for Managing Bycatch and Reducing Discards ................................................................................................................ 19 6.6 Innovative Technologies for Observing Fish and Fishing Gear ................... 29 6.7 Fishing Technology to Eliminate Vaquita Bycatch from Fisheries in the Upper Gulf of California ............................................................................. 31 6.8 Poster Session ...................................................................................................... 34 7 Topic Group: Technical Innovation in Spreading Trawls ..................................... 41 7.1 General Introduction .......................................................................................... 41 7.2 Terms of Reference ............................................................................................. 41 7.3 List of Participants .............................................................................................. 42 7.4 Summary of Recent Advancements ................................................................. 43 7.5 Discussion and Recommendations ................................................................... 47 8 Topic Group: Non-Extractive Fisheries Sampling .................................................. 58 8.1 General Overview ............................................................................................... 58 8.2 Terms of Reference ............................................................................................. 58 8.3 List of Participants in Topic Group Non-Extractive Sampling ..................... 58 8.4 Summary of outcomes ........................................................................................ 59 8.5 Examples of Techniques and Applications ..................................................... 59 8.6 Recommendations............................................................................................... 64 9 Topic Group: Application of Change Management in the Fishing Industry ......................................................................................................................... 66 9.1 General Overview ............................................................................................... 67 ii | ICES WGFTFB REPORT 2016 9.2 Terms of Reference ............................................................................................. 68 9.3 List of Participants .............................................................................................. 69 9.4 Agenda ................................................................................................................. 69 9.5 Presentation Summaries..................................................................................... 70 9.6 Case Studies ......................................................................................................... 74 9.7 Discussions .......................................................................................................... 76 9.8 Recommendations............................................................................................... 76 10 Topic Group: Contact Probability of Selective Devices ....................................... 78 10.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 78 10.2 Terms of Reference ............................................................................................. 78 10.3 List of Participants .............................................................................................. 79 10.4 Summary of the 2016 Meeting .......................................................................... 79 10.5 Recommendations .............................................................................................. 81 11 National Reports .......................................................................................................... 92 11.1 General Overview ............................................................................................... 92 11.2 Iceland .................................................................................................................. 93 11.3 Germany .............................................................................................................. 95 11.4 Canada ................................................................................................................. 98 11.5 The United States of America ......................................................................... 101 11.6 Sweden ............................................................................................................... 111 11.7 Scotland .............................................................................................................. 114 11.8 Belgium .............................................................................................................. 117 11.9 Norway .............................................................................................................. 120 11.10 The Netherlands ............................................................................................... 130 11.11 Spain ................................................................................................................... 144 11.12 France ................................................................................................................. 146 11.13 Denmark ............................................................................................................ 152 11.14 Italy ..................................................................................................................... 155 12 Other Business ........................................................................................................... 160 12.1 Selection of ICES Chair .................................................................................... 160 12.2 Date and Venue for the 2017 WGFTFB Meeting .......................................... 160 12.3 Topic Groups for the 2017 WGFTFB Meeting ............................................... 160 12.4 Joint Session ....................................................................................................... 163 Annex 1. List of Participants............................................................................................. 165 Annex 2. Agenda ................................................................................................................. 171 Annex 3. WGFTFB multi-annual terms of reference ................................................... 176 ICES WGFTFB REPORT 2016 | iii ICES WGFTFB REPORT 2016 | 1 Executive Summary The ICES-FAO Working Group on Fish Technology and Fish Behaviour (WGFTFB) met in Merida, Mexico from 25 to 29 April 2016 to hold a FAO-hosted mini- symposium on “Technology Development and Sustainable Fisheries”, and to address four Terms of Reference. The main outcomes related to the mini-symposium and the ToRs are detailed below. Mini-symposium on Technology Development and Sustainable Fisheries The two-and-half-day mini-symposium hosted by FAO in