Instruction Manual SEL-411L Relay Protection and Automation System Instruction Manual Communications Manual 20151029 *PM411L-03-NB* © 2011–2015 by Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. All brand or product names appearing in this document are the trademark or registered trademark of their respective holders. No SEL trademarks may be used without written permission. SEL products appearing in this document may be covered by U.S. and Foreign patents. Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. reserves all rights and benefits afforded under federal and international copyright and patent laws in its products, including without limitation software, firmware, and documentation. The information in this document is provided for informational use only and is subject to change without notice. Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. has approved only the English language document. This product is covered by the standard SEL 10-year warranty. For warranty details, visit www.selinc.com or contact your customer service representative. PM411L-03 SEL-411L Relay Communications Manual Date Code 20151029 Table of Contents List of Tables ......................................................................................................................................................vii List of Figures ................................................................................................................................................... xxi Preface.............................................................................................................................................................xxxiii Protection Manual Section 1: Introduction and Specifications Features......................................................................................................................................................... P.1.2 Models and Options...................................................................................................................................... P.1.5 Applications.................................................................................................................................................. P.1.8 Specifications ............................................................................................................................................. P.1.13 Section 2: Installation Shared Configuration Attributes................................................................................................................... P.2.1 Plug-In Boards............................................................................................................................................ P.2.11 Jumpers....................................................................................................................................................... P.2.14 Relay Placement ......................................................................................................................................... P.2.24 Connection.................................................................................................................................................. P.2.25 AC/DC Connection Diagrams.................................................................................................................... P.2.44 Section 3: Protection Functions 87L Theory of Operation.............................................................................................................................. P.3.2 87L Differential Elements .......................................................................................................................... P.3.28 CT Selection Procedure............................................................................................................................ P.3.102 Current and Voltage Source Selection...................................................................................................... P.3.106 Polarizing Quantity for Distance Element Calculations........................................................................... P.3.119 Frequency Estimation............................................................................................................................... P.3.119 Time-Error Calculation............................................................................................................................. P.3.122 Fault Location........................................................................................................................................... P.3.123 Open-Phase Detection Logic.................................................................................................................... P.3.134 Pole Open Logic....................................................................................................................................... P.3.134 Loss-of-Potential Logic............................................................................................................................ P.3.137 Fault Type Identification Selection Logic ................................................................................................ P.3.141 Ground Directional Element..................................................................................................................... P.3.142 Phase- and Negative-Sequence Directional Elements.............................................................................. P.3.152 Directionality............................................................................................................................................ P.3.154 CVT Transient Detection.......................................................................................................................... P.3.154 Series-Compensation Line Logic ............................................................................................................. P.3.155 Load-Encroachment Logic ....................................................................................................................... P.3.156 Out-of-Step Logic (Conventional)............................................................................................................ P.3.157 Out-of-Step Logic (Zero Settings)............................................................................................................ P.3.163 Mho Ground-Distance Elements .............................................................................................................. P.3.178 Quadrilateral Ground-Distance Elements................................................................................................. P.3.182 Mho Phase Distance Elements ................................................................................................................. P.3.186 Quadrilateral Phase Distance Elements.................................................................................................... P.3.191 Zone Time Delay...................................................................................................................................... P.3.197 Instantaneous Line Overcurrent Elements................................................................................................ P.3.200 Selectable Time-Overcurrent Elements (51) ............................................................................................ P.3.205 Over/Undervoltage Elements ................................................................................................................... P.3.213 Switch-Onto-Fault Logic.......................................................................................................................... P.3.217 Communications-Assisted Tripping Logic............................................................................................... P.3.220 Date Code 20151029 SEL-411L Relay ii Table of Contents Directional Comparison Blocking Scheme .............................................................................................. P.3.221 Permissive Overreaching Transfer Tripping Scheme ............................................................................... P.3.224 Directional Comparison Unblocking Scheme Logic................................................................................ P.3.232 Trip Logic ................................................................................................................................................. P.3.237 Circuit Breaker Failure Protection............................................................................................................ P.3.247 Over/Underfrequency Elements ............................................................................................................... P.3.257 Undervoltage Supervision Logic.............................................................................................................. P.3.258 87L Communication and Timing ............................................................................................................. P.3.261 Configuration, Monitoring, Alarming, and Logic for 87L Channels ....................................................... P.3.279 87L Enable and Blocking Logic............................................................................................................... P.3.280 87L Active and Required Channel Logic ................................................................................................. P.3.282 87L Channel Synchronization Logic and Status