2 Special thanks to John Farrington of Farrington Media and Gaston Cooper of Creephotos for their photo contribution. 4 Table of Contents PREFACE ..............................................................................................................................................................................11 CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................15 1.1 INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................................................................15 1.2 WHO ARE THE CREE? .............................................................................................................................................16 1.3 EEYOU ISTCHEE: THE TERRITORY OF THE CREE .......................................................................................................16 1.4 CREE USE AND OCCUPATION OF THE TERRITORY ...................................................................................................17 CHAPTER 2 – GOVERNANCE ...............................................................................................................................................19 2.1 THE CREE MUST PARTICIPATE FULLY IN THE GOVERNANCE OF EEYOU ISTCHEE ......................................................19 2.2 JBNQA VISION........................................................................................................................................................20 2.3 CURRENT GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE IS NOT ACCEPTABLE ....................................................................................20 2.4 NEED FOR NEW GOVERNANCE MODEL ..................................................................................................................21 2.5 LAND AND RESOURCE PLANNING ..........................................................................................................................21 CHAPTER 3 – PLAN NORD ....................................................................................................................................................23 3.1 WHAT IS THE PLAN NORD? ....................................................................................................................................23 3.2 PLAN NORD – FOURTH WAVE OF DEVELOPMENT IN EEYOU ISTCHEE .....................................................................24 3.3 CREE EXPECTATIONS OF PLAN NORD .....................................................................................................................24 3.4 CREE CONCERNS ABOUT PLAN NORD ...................................................................................................................24 CHAPTER 4 – PRINCIPLES AND OBJECTIVES ...................................................................................................................25 4.1 RESPECT FOR CREE RIGHTS ...................................................................................................................................25 4.1.1 James Bay and Northern Québec Agreement ...........................................................................................................25 4.1.2 Paix des Braves ......................................................................................................................................................26 4.1.3 New Relationship Agreement (Canada) ...................................................................................................................27 4.2 PLAN NORD MUST REFLECT CREE POSITION ON GOVERNANCE .............................................................................28 4.3 NATION TO NATION RELATIONSHIP ........................................................................................................................28 4.4 PLAN NORD LEGISLATION SUBJECT TO CONSULTATION WITH THE CREE .................................................................28 4.5 PLAN NORD PROJECTS SUBJECT TO CREE CONSENT AND PARTICIPATION ..............................................................28 4.6 PLAN NORD PROJECTS MUST COMPLY WITH ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL PROTECTION REGIME AND PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT .........................................28 4.7 PLAN NORD – PROGRAM OF GENERAL APPLICATION ............................................................................................29 4.8 OBJECTIVES ...........................................................................................................................................................29 4.8.1 Support short and long-term economic and social development: ..............................................................................29 4.8.2 Accelerate job creation for the Cree: .......................................................................................................................29 4.8.3 Enhance Cree businesses. .......................................................................................................................................29 4.8.4 Enhance partnerships and alliances among Cree businesses. ...................................................................................29 4.8.5 Enhance partnerships and alliances with Quebec and Canadian businesses. .............................................................29 CHAPTER 5 – ENVIRONMENT .............................................................................................................................................31 5.1 INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................................................................31 5.2 ORIENTATION THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL PROTECTION REGIME – SECTION 22 OF THE JBNQA .................32 5 CHAPTER 6 – PROTECTED AREAS ......................................................................................................................................33 6.1 ORIENTATION ........................................................................................................................................................33 6.2 DEFINITION OF PROTECTED AREAS ........................................................................................................................34 6.3 PAST INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT AND PROTECTED AREAS ....................................................................................34 6.4 CURRENT DEVELOPMENT IMPACTS ........................................................................................................................35 6.5 STATUS OF PROTECTED AREAS WITHIN EEYOU ISTCHEE .........................................................................................40 6.6 QUEBEC NEW OBJECTIVE – 12% AND PLAN NORD................................................................................................42 6.7 CREE INPUT ON MANAGEMENT OF PARKS AND BIODIVERSITY RESERVES ..............................................................42 CHAPTER 7 – WATER ............................................................................................................................................................43 7.1 SIGNIFICANCE OF WATER ......................................................................................................................................43 7.2 STEWARDSHIP .......................................................................................................................................................44 7.3 ECOLOGICAL ISSUES RELATED TO WATER ...............................................................................................................44 7.4 WATER AND WASTEWATER SYSTEMS .....................................................................................................................44 7.5 GROUNDWATER ....................................................................................................................................................45 7.6 COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF WATER ..............................................................................................................45 CHAPTER 8 – ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ........................................................................................................................47 8.1 CREE ORIENTATIONS ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT .............................................................................................47 8.2 CREE ECONOMIC ENTITIES ....................................................................................................................................48 8.2.1 Cree Regional Economic Enterprises Company (CREECO) ........................................................................................48 8.2.2 Cree Development Corporation ...............................................................................................................................48 8.2.3 Cree Band Economic Development Entities .............................................................................................................49 8.2.4 Eeyou Economic Group ...........................................................................................................................................49 8.2.5 Entities Mentioned in the Paix des Braves ...............................................................................................................49 8.2.6 Cree Tourism and Outfitting Association (COTA) ......................................................................................................49