A / © 2008 AGI-Information Management Consultants May be used for personal purporses only or by A HISTORY libraries associated to dandelon.com network. OF THE PENINSULAR WAR Volume VII August 1813 to April 14, 1814 The Capture of St. Sebastian, Wellington's Invasion of France, Battles of the Nivelle, The Nive, Orthez and Toulouse SIR CHARLES OMAN Greenhill Books, London Stackpole Books, Pennsylvania CONTENTS Ferdinand VII, 'The Prisoner of Valencay' . Frontispiece SECTION XXXIX ST. SEBASTIAN AND SAN MARCIAL CHAPTER PAGE I. The Second Siege of St. Sebastian. August 1813 . 1 IL The Storm of St. Sebastian. August 31, 1813 . 23 III. The Battle of San Marcial: Surrender of the Castle of St. Sebastian. August 31-September 9, 1818 . 37 SECTION XL THE EAST COAST IN THE AUTUMN OF 1813 I. Suchet evacuates Valencia and Aragon. July 1813 . 63 II. Bentinck's invasion of Catalonia: Controversies between Suchet and Soult. August-September 1813 . .81 III. Bentinck's Campaign in Catalonia. Combats of Ordal and Villafranca. August-October 1813 ... 96 SECTION XLI WELLINGTON ENTERS FRANCE I. The Crossing of the Bidassoa. October 7, 1813 . 110 II. Between the Bidassoa and the Nivelle: Fall of Pam- peluna. October 8-November 9, 1813 . 137 III. The Battle of the Nivelle. November 10, 1818. i. The Preliminaries . 159 IV. The Battle of the Nivelle. ii. The Main Engagement . 174 V. The Battle of the Nivelle. Hi. The Right Wing . .195 SECTION XLII THE BATTLES OF THE NIVE I. Wellington's Problems. November 10-December 9,1818 209 II. The Crossing of the Nive. December 9 ... 223 III. The Battles of the Nive. i. Combats of Anglet and Arcangues. December 9-10 238 ii. The Combats of Barrouillet. December 10-12 . 246 iii. The Battle of St. Pierre. December 13 . 262 xiv CONTENTS SECTION XLIII WELLINGTON ON THE ADOUR. DECEMBER 1813- FEBRUARY 1814 CHAPTER PAGE I. Winter Quarters. December 1813^January 1814 . 282 II. The 'Treaty of Valencay'. November 1813-January 1814 297 III. Wellington's Offensive. The first days. February 14-18, 1814, 314 IV. The Passage of the Adour. February 19-24, 1814 . 330 V. From Sauveterre to Orthez. February 21-6, 1814 . 341 VI. The Battle of Orthez. February 27, 1814 . 356 VII. Soult retreats Eastward. Combat of Aire. March 2,1814 376 VIII. Concerning Count Lynch, the Duke of Angouleme, and Lord Dalhousie at Bordeaux. March-April 1814 . 388 SECTION XLIV END OF THE WAR ON THE EAST COAST. JANUARY- APRIL 1814 I. The Winter in Catalonia. The Treachery of Van Halen. Suchet and King Ferdinand. January-February 1814 406 II. Ferdinand's return to Madrid. Fall of the Regency and the Cortes. The last days of the War in Catalonia. March-April 1814 422 SECTION XLV THE CAMPAIGN OF TOULOUSE. MARCH-APRIL 1814 I. From the Adour to the Garonne. Combats of Vic- Bigorre (March 19) and Tarbes (March 20) . 433 II. The Operations preceding the Battle of Toulouse (March 26-April 9, 1814) 452 III. The Battle of Toulouse. April 10, 1814 . .465 IV. The End of the War. April 10-16, 1814 . 496 FINIS THE PLACE OF THE PENINSULAR WAR IN HISTORY 513 APPENDICES I. The Siege of St. Sebastian (a) Strength of the French garrison at various dates . 529 (6) British Losses in the Storm of St. Sebastian . 529-30 II. The Battle of San Marcial. August 31, 1813 Casualties of the British, Spanish, and French Armies 530-2 CONTENTS xv PAGE III. British Force on the East Coast of Spain in the Autumn of 1813 532-3 IV. Allied Losses at the Combats of Ordal and Villafranca. September 12-13,1813 533^4 V. (a) British Losses at the Passage of the Bidassoa. October 7, 1813 ' 534-5 (b) French Strength and Losses at the Bidassoa . 535-6 VI. The Battle of the Nivelle. November 10, 1813: (a) Wellington's Army at the Battle of the Nivelle 537-9 (6) Soult's Army at the Battle of the Nivelle . 540 (c) British and Portuguese Losses at the Nivelle . 541-4 (d) French Losses at the Nivelle . 544-5 VII. The Battles of the Nive. December 9-13, 1813: (a) British and Portuguese Losses . 545-8 (6) Soult's Army on the Nive 549 (c) French Losses on the Nive .... 549-50 VIII. Suchet's Army in Catalonia. January-March 1814 550-1 IX. Battle of Orthez. February 27, 1814: (a) Wellington's Army at Orthez . 551-2 (6) British and Portuguese Casualties at Orthez . 552-5 (c) French Casualties at Orthez . 555-6 X. The Battle of Toulouse. April 10, 1814: (a) Wellington's Army at Toulouse . 556-7 (b) Soult's Army at Toulouse .... 557-8 (c) British and Portuguese Casualties . 558-60 (d) French Casualties . 560-1 XI. British and French Casualties at the Bayonne Sortie of April 14 561-2 XII. Statistics of the Spanish Armies under Wellington's Command. August 1813-April 1814 . .563 INDEX . 565.