z Available online at http://www.journalcra.com INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CURRENT RESEARCH International Journal of Current Research Vol. 9, Issue, 05, pp.50187-50192, May, 2017 ISSN: 0975-833X RESEARCH ARTICLE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ASSESSMENT OF WATER QUALITY OF PAVANA RIVER IN PIMPRI- CHINCHWAD CITY (PUNE) OF MAHARASHTRA STATE (INDIA) *,1Lakhanpal S. Kendre and 2Prof. Sagar M. Gawande 1Environment Department, PG student, AnantraoPawar, College of Engineering & Research, Parwati, Pune-411009, India 2Environment Department, Guide, AnantraoPawar, College of Engineering & Research, Parwati, Pune-411009, India ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History: The study was aimed to know water quality from analysis of physico-chemical characteristics of Received xxxxxxxxxx,xxxxxxxxxx27th February,, 2017 2017 Pavana River, Pune from September 2016 to February 2017. Due to the increase in population and Received in revised form industrialization, there shall be a necessity to understand the present status of Pavana River. Many xxxxxxxxxxx,05th March, 2017 2017 government bodied does that work but there should be requirement of analysis of river with new Accepted xxxxxxxxxxxx,26th April, 2017 2017 methods. The experiment was carried out for three season i.e. Monsoon, Post-monsoon and Pre- Published online 23xxxxxxxxxx,rd May, 2017 2017 monsoon. The water sample is collected from river as the depth changes. The physicochemical parameters such as Temperature, pH, DO, COD, BOD, Alkalinity, Total Dissolved solid, Total Key words: suspended solids, Total solids, Turbidity has been studied during analysis. Pavana River, Physico-Chemical, Parameters, Results, Characteristics, Water quality. Copyright©2017, Lakhanpal et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Citation: Lakhanpal S. Kendre and Prof. Sagar M. Gawande, 2017. “Physico-chemical assessment of water quality of pavana river in pimpri-chinchwad city (pune) of maharashtra state (India)”, International Journal of Current Research, 9, (05), 50187-50192. INTRODUCTION A.General seasonal phenomenon mainly controlled by climate. Without adequate quantity and quality of fresh water sustainable Assessment of water resource quality of any region is an development will not be possible. The healthy aquatic important aspect of developmental activities of the region, ecosystem is depended on the biological diversity and Physico- because rivers, lakes and manmade reservoirs are used for Chemical characteristics. The physicochemical properties will water supply to domestic, industrial, agricultural and fish also help in the identification of sources of pollution, for culture. Good water quality resources depends on large number conducting further investigations on the eco-biological impacts of physicochemical parameters and the magnitude and source and also for initiating necessary steps for remedial actions in of any pollution load; and to assess that, monitoring of these case of polluted water bodies. In India, many researchers have parameters is essential. Polluted water is the major cause for worked on physicochemical and biological characteristics of the spread of many epidemics and some serious diseases like reservoirs and rivers. Although statistics vary, the World cholera, tuberculosis, typhoid, diarrhea etc. Contamination of Health Organization (WHO) reports that approximately 36% drinking water from any source is therefore of primary of urban and 65% of rural Indian’s were without access to safe importance because of the danger and risk of water borne drinking water. The surface water bodies become the dumping diseases. According to W.H.O, 1998, report there were source for industrial effluent and domestic wastes. As a result, estimated 4 billion cases of diarrhea and 2.2 million deaths the naturally existing dynamic equilibrium among the annually. The availability of good quality water is an environmental segments get affected leading to the state of indispensable feature for preventing disease and improving polluted rivers. According to World Health Organization’s quality of life. Domestic and industrial wastewater constitute (WHO) decision, water for the consumers should be free from as a constant polluting source, whereas surface runoff is a pathogenic organisms and toxic substances. In spite of vast water resources in lakes and rivers and good monsoon, India *Corresponding author: Lakhanpal S. Kendre, faces perennial problems of floods and droughts and high Environment Department, PG student, AnantraoPawar, College of Engineering & Research,Parwati, Pune-411009, India. pollution of fresh water resources. 50188 Lakhanpal et al. Physico-chemical assessment of water quality of pavana river in pimpri¬- chinchwad city (Pune) of Maharashtra state (India) B.Pavana River upstream stations. On the basis of three seasons, an average water temperature was 27.13, 22.32 and 24.53 ºC during It is a fact that good water quality produces healthier humans Monsoon, Post-monsoon and Pre-Monsoon seasons, than one with poor water quality. Pavana River is life line of respectively. Pimpri-Chinchwad city and its water is used for domestic and agriculture purposes. Therefore, effective maintenance of 2.Dissolved Oxygen (D.O.): water quality is required through appropriate measurements. Physico-chemical and micro-biological characteristics may Dissolved oxygen (DO) is essential to aquatic life and plays an describe the quality of water. Therefore, this study was carried important role in biogeochemical processes in freshwater out for the actual status of Pavana River from literature survey. environments. DO in water come from two sources: In addition, with increasing number of industries and atmospheric oxygen and oxygen generated by photosynthetic stakeholders of the river, the concern over the quality has also organisms (algae and aquatic plants). Dissolved Oxygen grown up and hence warranted for the present content of the water varied from 0.09 to 2.89 mg/l, 0.7 to 3.01 investigation.The Pavana River originates from the Western mg/l and 0.1 to 1.26 mg/l in Monsoon season, Post-monsoon Ghats, about 6 km South of Lonavala. Flowing eastwards season and Pre-monsoon season respectively. It was high initially, it becomes southbound and passes through the during the Post-monsoon season with the maximum at station suburbs of Dehu, Chinchwad, Pimpri and Dapodi before it’s 1B (Dapodi) i.e. 3.01 mg/l. also the low DO was recorded confluence with the Mula river near Sangvi. An earthfill during the Monsoon season at station 4A (Kasarwadi) i.e. 0.09 gravity dam forms the Pavana reservoir. The dam, constructed mg/l. Average Dissolved Oxygen content of the water samples in 1972, is 1,329 m (4.360 ft.) long and 42.37 m (139 ft.) high, were 0.57 mg/l, 0.93 mg/l and 0.50 mg/l in Monsoon season, with a gross storage capacity of 30,500 km3. Post-monsoon season and Pre-monsoon season respectively. The minimum concentration was recorded in Pre-monsoon season in almost all the sites. MATERIALS AND METHODS 3.pH (Hydrogen Ion Concentration): In order to analyze the effects of pollution, stretch of the river, starting from Pavana Dam toDapodi various station points pH fluctuated between 6.84 to 7.11, 6.83 to 7.05 and 6.75 to were selected for sampling. Samples must be taken from 6.99 in Monsoon season, Post-monsoon season and Pre- locations which are representative of the water from sources, monsoon season respectively. The seasonal fluctuations of pH treatment plants, storage facilities, distribution network and were observed at all the sampling stations of the Pavana household connections. Samples were collected for three Rivers. The pH of the river water has remained more or less seasons i.e. Pre-Monsoon, Monsoon & Post-Monsoon. uniform throughout the study period and did not fluctuate by Monsoon sample was collected in first week of September more than one unit at all stations during the study period. The 2016, Post Monsoon sample was collected in first week of pH of the surface waters ranges from 6.75 at sampling station November 2016 and Pre-Monsoon sample was collected in 6C (Pimpri) in Pre-monsoon Season to 7.11 at station 1C first week of February 2017. The samples were of Grab (Dapodi) in Monsoon season. Lowest value of pH was seen in samples & collected in sterilized bottles using standard Pre-Monsoon season. The pH value of water falls between procedure (APHA 2012). Five samples from each site is slightly acidic to slightly alkaline in the present study which is collected, two from edge, one from center and two from well within the permissible limit of pH (6.5-8.5 for multiple intermediate of edge and center with measuring depth of each. uses of water) as prescribe by B.I.S. Average Dissolved All other procedure was followed according to APHA (2012). Oxygen content of the water samples were 6.98, 6.93 and 6.84 Water sample was collected from 6 stations and they were as in Monsoon season, Post-monsoon season and Pre-monsoon following Station 1 (Dapodi), Station 2 (Sangvi), Station 3 season respectively. (Sudarshan Nagar), Station 4 (Kasarwadi), Station 5 (Pimple Saudagar), Station 6 (Pimpri). 4.Biochemical Oxygen Demand (B.O.D.): Biochemical Oxygen demand content of the river water varied RESULTS AND DISCUSSION from 10 to 170 mg/l, 10 to 70 mg/l and 30 to 80 mg/l in Monsoon season, Post-monsoon season and Pre-monsoon The results which was taking in three seasons i.e. Monsoon, season respectively. The lowest BOD observed was 10 mg/l at Post-Monsoon, Pre-monsoon season shown in Table1, Table2, many Station samples in Monsoon and Post-monsoon which Table3 respectively. indicate a remarkable dilution and dispersion of the pollutants 1.Temperature: in the river. While, highest BOD was observed was 170 mg/l at Station 6D (Pimpri) in Monsoon season. Station 5 (Pimple Surface water temperature was recorded for all 6 stations as Saudagar) sample was follows the second highest BOD in well as all samples of the study area during the investigating Monsoon season all samples.