2010 RABIES ANNUAL REPORT Wadsworth Center Rabies Laboratory New York State Department of Health CONTENTS •2010 Rabies Annual Summary •Table of number-rabid/number-tested for 2010 by animal category and county •Map of 2010 cases by species and county •Map of 2010 cases by location •10-year table of rabies cases in New York State, by year and species •15-year table of rabies laboratory operations data •Table of 2010 tests for rabies in animals, by county •Map of 2010 tests for rabies in animals, by county •Table of 2010 tests for human rabies antibody, by county •Map of 2010 tests for human rabies antibody, by county •Table of 2010 specimens processed, by species •Map of 2010 terrestrial rabies enzootic status •Map of 2010 rabid raccoons/raccoons tested, by county •Map of raccoon rabies case number changes, 2009 to 2010, by county •Table of Raccoon to Human / Animal Interactions – 2004 through 2010 •Map of 2010 bat rabies status, by town and county •Map of 2010 rabid bats/bats tested, by county •Map of bat rabies case number changes, 2008 to 2010, by county •Table of Bat to Human / Animal Interactions – 2004 through 2010 •20-year table of animals tested, by year and species •20-year table of rabid animals, by year and species •Table of percent change rabies submissions – all specimens, 2009 to 2010 •Table of percent change rabies submissions - human exposure, 2009 to 2010 •Table of percent change rabies submissions - no human exposure, 2009 to 2010 2010 RABIES ANNUAL REPORT Wadsworth Center Rabies Laboratory New York State Department of Health CONTENTS •Bar chart of tests for rabies in animals, 1996-2010 •Bar chart of human antibody tests, 1996-2010 •Bar chart of rabid animals, 1996-2010 •Bar chart of animals Received For Rabies Diagnosis 2010, by month •Bar chart of rabid animals 2010, by month •Bar chart of rabid animals 2010, by month NYS and NYC •Bar chart of 2010 tests for rabies in animals, common species •Bar chart of 2010 rabid animals, common species •Bar chart of bats received for rabies diagnosis, 1996-2010 •Bar chart of rabid bats, 1996-2010 •Bar chart of 2010 rabid bats, by month •Bar chart of Myotis submissions for 25-year •Bar chart of Eptesicus submissions for 25-year •Bar chart of Myotis vs. Eptesicus submissions for 25-year •Bar chart of emergency after hour exams, 1997-2010 •Bar chart of rabid raccoons, 1996-2010 •Bar chart of 2010 rabid raccoons, by month •Bar chart of rabid skunks, 1996-2010 •Bar chart of 2010 rabid skunks, by month •Acknowledgements •Listing of 2010 rabies cases, by county and town •Listing of 2010 rabies cases, chronologic order 2010 RABIES ANNUAL SUMMARY Wadsworth Center Rabies Laboratory New York State Department of Health Robert J. Rudd There were 499 rabid animals diagnosed at the Wadsworth Center laboratory in 2010, representing 7.5% of all animals tested. This total includes 250 raccoons, which was 26.1% of all raccoons examined (positivity rate), 85 skunks (43.8%); 68 bats (2.5%); 43 cats (3.2%); 31 gray fox (34.0%); 6 bovine (8.5%); 5 woodchucks (6.5%); 3 red fox (4.6%); 2 horses (5.0%); 2 coyotes (22.2%): 1 deer (2.5%) and 1 sheep (7.7%). Of concern in 2010 was the increased number of rabid cats found in the State. Raccoon rabies entered into New York State in 1990. As a result we have seen an increase in the spillover of raccoon rabies variant into cats and other domestic animals. Of the 38,022 cats tested for rabies at the Wadsworth rabies lab since 1990 there has been 556 cats found to be rabid. This is a 1.5% positivity rate over this 21 year period. In 2010 the positivity rate for cats was 3.2%. All of the 2010 rabid cats were infected with the raccoon rabies variant. Of the 43 rabid cats diagnosed in 2010; 22 were listed as wild or feral and 6 were identified as owner unknown; 14 were juvenile and 29 were adult; 25 were identified as having bitten a human and none of the rabid cats were identified as having a current rabies vaccination. The Wadsworth Center’s rabies laboratory tested 6,642 animals in 2010. This number is 2,138 specimens below the average submissions for the previous 10 year period and 633 specimens fewer than submitted in 2009. Raccoon rabies was reported in 48 and bat rabies was reported in 31 New York counties in 2010. In 2009 raccoon and bat rabies was reported in 46 and 35 counties respectfully. The specimens tested included 4,455 wild animals (67.2% of total submissions) and 2,183 domestic animals (32.8%), with 51 species of animals represented. These included 2,866 bats (43.1% of all animals tested), 1,331 cats (20%), 954 raccoons (14.4%), 651 dogs (9.8%), 194 skunks (2.9%), 208 rodents and lagomorphs (3.1%), 157 fox (2.4%), 70 cattle (1.0%), 41 deer (0.6%), 40 horses (0.6%) and 35 other wild species (0.5%). In 67.9 % of all animals tested there was either a bite to a human or human contact with saliva or nervous tissue. Of all bats tested in 2010, 2.4% were found to be infected with rabies virus. There were 2,537 big brown bats examined and 61 of those were positive, resulting in a 2.4% positivity rate for that species. Rabies was detected in 3 of 274 little brown bats examined (1.1% positivity), 2 of 12 silver-haired bats (16.6%), 0 of 16 red bats (0 %), 2 of 5 Hoary bats (40%) and 0 of 16 bats unidentified to taxa. Of the 68 rabid bats tested in 2010, 39 (57.3%) had contacts with humans. However, of all of the 2866 bats tested in 2010, 1,726 had contact with humans and were found to be negative for rabies. This testing prevented unnecessary post exposure prophylaxis and conserved the costly and limited supply of rabies vaccine and immune globulin. Of concern over the past five years is the disease affecting bats known as White Nose Syndrome. This disease affects predominantly bats of the genus Myotis (little brown bats). Between 1999 – 2008, the rabies lab tested an average 952 little brown bats per year. In 2009 that number dropped to 483, and in 2010 the rabies lab tested 245 little brown bats. This drastic drop in Myotis submissions for rabies testing is evidence of the steep decline in the number of these bats found in New York State. During 2009 the rabies diagnostic laboratory at the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene examined 551 specimens, including 339 raccoons, 87 cats, 51 dogs, 21 opossum, 38 bats, 11 skunks, 2 coyotes, 1 beaver, and 1 groundhog. Among these animals 145 (26.3%) were positive for rabies, including 138 raccoons, 3 bats, 1 coyote, 1 skunk, 1 opossum and 1 cat. An epizootic of rabies in raccoons, focused in Central Park, resulted in the large jump of positives in New York City for 2010. The Wadsworth Center rabies laboratory tested 1,052 human sera for rabies virus neutralizing antibody. These tests generally are performed to determine the need for booster vaccinations for individuals wishing to maintain current rabies pre-exposure vaccination status. The laboratory also examined 1,815 raccoon sera for rabies antibody in support of wildlife oral rabies vaccination programs (ORV). The laboratory performed 82 virus-variant typing assays using a panel of monoclonal antibodies directed against the rabies virus nucleocapsid protein, to aid in the study of rabies epizootiology in the State. For more information visit the rabies laboratory website at: www.wadsworth.org/rabies New York City Public Health Laboratory data provided by Dr. Jie Fu and Brooke Bregman. Report of N.Y. State Dept. of Health Rabies Laboratory 01/01/2010 to 12/31/2010 Number examined ... Number positive Other Rodents Other Total Total COUNTYDogs Cats CattleDomestic Skunk Fox Bats Raccoons Lagamorphs Wild Rcvd Positive Albany26 0 49 2 0 04121 9 26 3 159 4 121 30 10 0 170 433 49 Allegany10 11 1 5 03000 1 0 20 1 31 00 10 45 3 Bronx30 41 0 00000 00 0 0 30 30 10 14 1 Broome19 0 19 0 1 00052 0 0 49 0 11 10 40 99 3 Cattaraugus50 23 1 1 01011 2 1 90 1 92 10 31 136 7 Cayuga14 0 21 0 4 02054 6 1 52 0 22 10 30 50 134 15 Chautauqua20 13 0 1 01011 2 1 47 1 13 3 30 30 86 6 Chemung20 14 1 1 00010 1 1 37 0 33 10 10 61 5 Chenango20 12 1 0 03021 0 0 27 0 87 00 30 57 9 Clinton17 0 90 0 00011 0 90 29 1 25 0 00 10 101 1 Columbia40 12 0 1 02032 7 2 49 1 12 6 31 20 95 12 Cortland40 70 1 01000 10 18 1 00 10 20 35 1 Delaware00 70 2 02000 11 27 2 32 00 20 44 5 Dutchess10 0 31 1 2 12030 5 1 43 0 96 50 20 112 9 Erie98 0 213 1 1 04018 1 6 0 380 10 55 8 36 1 80 819 21 Essex30 60 0 00010 30 15 0 70 00 10 36 0 Franklin50 30 2 01000 10 13 0 60 20 20 35 0 Fulton10 80 1 00011 00 8 0 11 00 10 21 2 Genesee50 80 0 00011 10 10 0 43 00 00 29 4 Greene20 15 0 0 01000 2 0 10 0 11 10 31 35 2 Hamilton00 00 0 00000 00 2 0 00 00 10 3 0 Herkimer40 14 0 1 02011 0 0 22 1 21 00 20 48 3 Jefferson13 0 40 2 01020 10 70 3 12 2 00 20 107 5 Kings10 10 0 00000 00 0 0 30 00 00 5 0 Lewis40 50 2 01000 00 22 1 32 20 40 43 3 Livingston30 19 1 2 02010 0 0 26 0 22 10 00 56 3 Madison70 11 2 0 01020 0 0 36 1 33 30 10 64 6 Monroe13 0 37 0 0 01022 2 0 68 2 73 10 10 132 7 Montgomery20 60 2 10032 33 10 0 22 11 10 30 9 Nassau38 0 32 0 0 00000 2 0 5 0 269 0 20 60 354 0 New York00 10 1 00000 00 1 0 71 10 10 12 1 Niagara26 0 24 1 2 02032 2 0 36 0 22 5 40 20 123 8 Oneida13 0 34 1 3 02084 2 1 71 2 33 20 30 141 11 Onondaga57 0 60 1 0 04053 0 0 132 2 21 70 40 271 7 Ontario80 28 0 3 02044 3 2 29 0 64 20 10 86 10 Orange21 0 55 7 0 01042 0 0 47 0 41 30 30 138 10 Orleans20 28 0 0 00021 3 0 29 0 11 5 40 30 82 6 Oswego16 0 19 0 1 15011 1 1 62 5 21 11 20 110 10 Otsego60 16 0 4 02000 0 0 50 1 10 00 30 82 1 Out-Of-State10 20 2 12000 00 4 0 20 00 10 14 1 Putnam40 18 2 0 00051 1 0 71 1 96 30 40 115 10 Queens00 10 0 00000 00 0 0 00 00 00 1 0 Rensselaer16 0 22 1 1 06015 6 35 6 49 0 68 33 90 80 229 46 Rockland30 35 2 0 01053 2 2 29 0 55 30 10 84 12 Saratoga18 0 35 1 3 15031 3 0 51 3 74 40 40 133 10 Schenectady18 0 34 3 0 00021 1 0 50 1 32 00 30 111 7 Schoharie10 0 80 1 01011 00 8 3 22 00 30 34 6 Schuyler10 90 0 00022 10 5 0 85 00 00 26 7 Seneca30 41 0 00033 00 11 1 53 00 00 26 8 St.