JOURNAL OF CRITICAL REVIEWS ISSN- 2394-5125 VOL 7, ISSUE 18, 2020 NEW CHALLENGES AND A GENERAL OVERVIEW OF AZERBAIJAN’S FOREIGN POLICY Assoc.prof. Nabiyev Bakhtiyar Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan E-mail: [email protected] Summary: Each state is faced with the task of creating an independent national and stable statehood, increasing its geopolitical importance and developing an appropriate foreign policy, military structure and socio-economic mechanisms. The form and organization of the implementation of national geopolitical goals, its nature and potential goals and resources are considered. It is important to determine the model of state actions within the framework of certain geopolitical realities, to justify the structural structures of the model, its components and factors that directly affect the design of the model. Thus, conceptual geopolitical activity, which can lead to any fundamental and sustainable development, is successful. For this, it is necessary to carry out systematic and national studies, analyze the resources of domestic and foreign policy, identify the realities of the existing landscape and lay the foundations for future development. The purpose of the study is to identify new challenges and common views on the foreign policy of Azerbaijan, to identify how Azerbaijan’s foreign policy meets these views. The research methodology includes the use of qualitative methods, including content analysis, discourse analysis, analysis of existing rules, documents, recommendations, research papers, experience, as well as expert criticism of foreign policy. In addition, a strong empirical background and a descriptive research method are used in this study. The scientific novelty of the article is the researching of new world challenges for the first time in the foreign policy of Azerbaijan. To achieve geopolitical goals, it is necessary to build up alternative national research centers and improve their logistics. Conclusion. It is important to create alternative national research centers and improve their logistics to achieve geopolitical goals. This is necessary for the development of scientific initiative and models of national development. In this regard, the legal and political foundations of the process of forming national interests were identified. Geopolitical processes play a role in the modern political palette. It becomes clear that one of the important projects in the regulation of the state’s foreign policy is to maintain a balance of national interests in relations with various countries. Keywords: geopolitics, national, historical, development Introduction .Effective national geopolitical planning with effective and inconsistent methods of geopolitical planning, without taking into account the proper and sustainable promotion of national and regional interests in the country, as well as the competition of “friends” and “enemies” in any geopolitical space. Of course, it will be impossible. Therefore, many countries are moving towards achieving their own interests by creating models of national geopolitical activity that are most adapted to the real geopolitical situation. We can see this on the example of Russia, Iran, Turkey and the USA, France and Great Britain, which have great historical experience and opportunities in our neighborhood. Each of these countries is taking serious measures, as it claims to dominate certain geopolitical regions. Development of long-term, medium-term and short-term plans. They use the military, financial, demographic and informational capabilities of the campaign. In the geopolitical space, they value the capabilities of countries and allies, international universal organizations that will become allies and competitors. They work on change scenarios based on rational logic. The main goal of the article is to identify new challenges and common views on the foreign policy of Azerbaijan, to identify how Azerbaijan’s foreign policy meets these views. In the changing world and regional realities, the Republic of Azerbaijan can achieve a high and long-term geopolitical advantage in the context of civil, and sometimes military or paramilitary rivalry, and can influence the country's development in the short, medium and long term. He defined his strategic mission to create a model 2513 JOURNAL OF CRITICAL REVIEWS ISSN- 2394-5125 VOL 7, ISSUE 18, 2020 of possible national geopolitical activity, focusing his socio-economic and diplomatic, military and financial resources around this goal. To take this path, the model of national development is called upon to become a leader in the South Caucasus region and act as an active and dynamic subject of the country's global geopolitical system. What does it mean? In accordance with the strategy of the national leader Heydar Aliyev, reflecting the political will of the Azerbaijani state [1, p. 659], the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev mobilizes all available opportunities of the state. The proper use of resources and mechanisms will gradually acquire certain geopolitical advantages. Their essence is to serve the goal of a leading country. But they can manifest themselves in different aspects. For example, Azerbaijan is a participant in a number of international projects and shows that our country is a key player in global processes. Achieving this goal and achieving goals requires a comprehensive system of measures. Favorable geopolitical conditions around the country and the economic and political situation, which will have a positive impact on the civilization of each country, play an important role in this activity. Thus, our state plays a leading role in the region as an important component of the complex of decisive factors in the implementation of existing geopolitical goals. Politics in this area, as well as the basis of a mechanism adapted to it, can be effective if foreign policies of other countries are taken into account. Analyzing the foreign policy of the Republic of Azerbaijan, it is clear that our state is based on humanistic values in its geopolitics and does not take into account the principle of what is at stake. It also takes into account the legal rights of both the region and the countries of the world. It even gives Armenia a chance for "self-correction." It is true that an aggressive state is still not constructive in this regard. Occasionally, aggressive trends arising in it are neutralized by military and other means. This is evidenced by the April war of 2016, which was written in golden letters in the history of Azerbaijan. It should be noted here that the unresolved issue of Nagorno-Karabakh remains a priority in the foreign policy of Azerbaijan. In this regard, the relevant authorities tirelessly work under the leadership of President Ilham Aliyev. Azerbaijan announced a principled approach to the settlement of the Nagorno-Karabakh problem. He is interested in the peaceful settlement of the Armenian-Azerbaijani Nagorno-Karabakh conflict on the basis of humanistic principles, diplomatic methods and the prevention of human casualties. Azerbaijan is a regional leader that has already received wide recognition. One of the most powerful means of influence in his hands is the international projects on which he focuses. One of the reasons for the growing authority of the Republic of Azerbaijan in the region is the country's success in the economy and in various aspects of public life. These successes, in particular, are due to the fact that Azerbaijan is at the center of global projects. Azerbaijan has its own policy in resolving regional problems of the world and at the same time creating a positive development of the network of international relations. These successes are based on the oil strategy developed by national leader Heydar Aliyev. Naturally, the oil strategy of Azerbaijan directly affects the political importance of the country. Starting from 1996, Azerbaijan’s new oil strategy gradually gave positive results, which allowed the country to take serious steps to integrate into the global economy and politics. The successful development of oil fields in Azerbaijan is directly related to the timely construction of the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan trunk export pipeline. The Baku-Tbilisi- Ceyhan project is lacking, on the one hand, because of its technical, economic, commercial and financial indicators, and on the other hand, because of its characteristics of political and energy security and the interests of many countries of the world. It should be noted here that the unresolved issue of Nagorno-Karabakh remains a priority in the foreign policy of Azerbaijan. In this regard, the relevant authorities tirelessly work under the leadership of President Ilham Aliyev. Azerbaijan announced a principled approach to the settlement of the Nagorno-Karabakh problem. According to this approach, Azerbaijan will not allow the creation of a second Armenian state on its territory. Our growing authority, as well as the diversification of our foreign policy mechanisms increase our superiority over Armenia every day. The government of Azerbaijan in the April war once again proved that it can solve the problem by military means at any time. He is interested in the peaceful settlement of the Armenian-Azerbaijani Nagorno- Karabakh conflict on the basis of humanistic principles, not only by political and diplomatic methods, but also to prevent loss of life. The gradual policy of Armenia has already put itself in a worse position. The country's economy is almost completely controlled by Russian companies.