Cameroon's Forest Investment Plan FOREST INVESTMENT PLAN (CAMEROON) MINISTRY OF Lead MDB Support MDB ENVIRONMENT, PROTECTION OF NATURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FINAL REPORT 11 November 2017 1 Cameroon's Forest Investment Plan TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES.................................................................................................................................4 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ...............................................................................................................5 1. NATIONAL CONTEXT AND THE FOREST SECTOR........................................................20 1.1. Country Profile....................................................................................................................20 1.1.1. Geography and Climate...............................................................................................20 1.1.2. Agro-Ecological zones..................................................................................................20 1.1.3. Population.....................................................................................................................23 1.1.4. National Economy........................................................................................................24 1.2. The forest Sector .................................................................................................................25 1.2.1. The forest sector economic and political context ......................................................26 1.2.2. Key Drivers of Deforestation and Forest Degradation.............................................27 1.2.3. Deforestation in the five AEZs and the 2035 vision .....................................................28 1.3. REDD+ Process in Cameroon.....................................................................................................35 1.4. CAMEROON’S FOREST INVESTMENT PLAN ...................................................................36 1.5 Stakeholder consultation and engagement for the elaboration of the IP................................37 2. IDENTIFYING POSSIBILITIES OF REDUCING GREENHOUSE GASES (GHG) EMISSIONS .........................................................................................................................................48 2.2. Cross-Sectorial Options...............................................................................................................49 2.3. Sectorial Options..........................................................................................................................50 2.4. Specific interventions for main production sectors...................................................................51 2.5. Carbon Emission Mitigation Potential.......................................................................................52 3. POLICY AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ON CLIMATE CHANGE.......................53 3.1. International Framework...................................................................................................53 3.2. National Context: regulatory framework.........................................................................54 3.2.1. Forest Policies and Laws .............................................................................................55 3.2.2. Environmental Policies and Laws ..............................................................................55 3.2.3. Policies and Laws on Agriculture...............................................................................56 3.2.4. Policies and laws on energy.........................................................................................56 3.2.5. Policies and laws on mines...........................................................................................57 3.2.6. Land tenure ..................................................................................................................57 3.2.7. Regional development policies and laws ....................................................................57 3.3. Orientations for improving governance framework conducive to the implementation of the investment plan.........................................................................................................................58 4. COLLABORATION BETWEEN MULTILATERAL DEVELOPMENT BANKS AND OTHER DEVELOPMENT PARTNERS ..........................................................................................59 2 Cameroon's Forest Investment Plan 4.1. Collaboration between banks and development partners...............................................59 4.2. Brief description of the involvement of multilateral banks and technical and financial partners in Cameroon.....................................................................................................................60 5. IDENTIFICATION AND JUSTIFICATION OF CO-FINANCED PROGRAMMES.........62 5.1. Context......................................................................................................................................62 5.2. Justification of the Investment Plan (IP) Interventions........................................................63 5.2.1. Programme No. 1 – Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in the Southern forested plateau of Cameroon..............................................................................65 5.2.2. Programme No. 2 – Resilience and adaptation to climate change in the Northern woodlands .....................................................................................................................................67 5.2.3. Programme No. 3 - Integrated management of water catchment areas in the Western highlands .......................................................................................................................70 6. CO-BENEFITS EXPECTED FROM IP INVESTMENTS......................................................76 6.1. Alignment of Investment Programmes with the FIP Criteria ........................................80 7. IMPLEMENTATION POTENTIAL AND RISKS ASSESSMENT.......................................85 7.1. Ability to implement IP activities ......................................................................................85 7.2. Risk Analysis .......................................................................................................................88 8. FINANCING PLAN AND INSTRUMENTS.............................................................................90 8.1. Financing mechanism ..................................................................................................................91 9. RESULTS FRAMEWORK FOR THE INVESTMENT PLAN ..............................................98 ANNEXES ..............................................................................................................................................101 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Actual and projected Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions in Cameroon ...............................16 Figure 2: Agro-Ecological Zones of Cameroon....................................................................................21 Figure 3: Population density per division .............................................................................................24 Figure 4: Forest cover types..................................................................................................................25 Figure 5: Cameroon forest zoning ........................................................................................................26 Figure 6: Periodic total deforestation in thousands of hectares ............................................................27 Figure 7: Deforestation trend in Cameroon from 2000 to 2035............................................................28 Figure 8: Deforestation hot spots..........................................................................................................28 Figure 9: Identification of DD hotspot areas in IP 1.............................................................................32 Figure 10: Identification of DD hotspot areas in IP 2...........................................................................33 Figure 11: Identification of DD hotspot areas in IP3............................................................................34 Figure 12: The participation of stakeholders during consultations.......................................................39 Figure 13: Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation .......................................48 Figure 14 : Locating IP priority areas ...................................................................................................64 Figure 15: Programme N°1 components and transformational change ................................................65 Figure 16 : Locating Priority Intervention Area 2 ................................................................................68 Figure 17: Location of Priority Intervention zone 3 .............................................................................71 Figure 18: Projected impact of IP implementation ...............................................................................74 3 Cameroon's Forest Investment Plan Figure 19: General framework for the Investment Plan (IP) impact analys ........................................75 Figure 20 : Location of programme 1 area .........................................................................................102 Figure 21: ERPIN area landuse map...................................................................................................104