TCP/BIH/7821 Technical Cooperation Programme A MEDIUM-TERM AGRICULTURE SECTOR STRATEGY FOR REPUBLIKA SRPSKA ANNEX 1 CROP, FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTION by John Macartney (including contributions by): Jovo Stojcic (Team Leader) Gavro Kremonovic Dragisa Lopandic Goran Perkovic FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS October 1999 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES AND CHARTS........................................................................................ iv ABBREVIATIONS and acronyms .......................................................................................... v I. RESOURCE BASE AND PERFORMANCE................................................................ 1 1.1 Land Resources and Climate.......................................................................................... 1 1.2 Land Capability Classification ....................................................................................... 1 1.3 Water Resources............................................................................................................. 3 1.4 Unutilized Land.............................................................................................................. 3 1.5 Farm Size Distribution ................................................................................................... 4 1.6 Crop Yields..................................................................................................................... 4 1.7 Current Production Systems and Summary Gross Margins........................................... 6 1.8 Fruit Production.............................................................................................................. 7 Berry Fruits..................................................................................................................... 8 Viticulture....................................................................................................................... 9 1.9 Farm Mechanization..................................................................................................... 10 1.10 Seed Production ............................................................................................................ 11 Orchard and Berry Fruit - Planting Material................................................................ 12 Potato Seed Production and Storage ............................................................................ 12 1.11 Fertilizer Application.................................................................................................... 13 1.12 Food Processing............................................................................................................ 13 Producer/Market Linkages........................................................................................... 14 Animal Concentrate Feed............................................................................................. 14 1.13 Cooperatives ................................................................................................................. 15 A New Structure for the Cooperatives ......................................................................... 15 1.14 Agricultural Research and Extension ........................................................................... 16 II. ISSUES/CONSTRAINTS ............................................................................................ 17 2.1 Reconstruction.............................................................................................................. 17 2.2 Self-Sufficiency............................................................................................................ 17 2.3 Farm Size...................................................................................................................... 17 2.4 The Cooperative Movement......................................................................................... 18 2.5 Low Production ............................................................................................................ 18 2.6 Credit ............................................................................................................................ 18 2.7 Agricultural Machinery ................................................................................................ 18 2.8 Seed Supplies ............................................................................................................... 19 2.9 Animal Concentrate Feed............................................................................................. 19 2.10 Marketing Systems ....................................................................................................... 19 2.11 Summary....................................................................................................................... 19 III. STRATEGY RESPONSE/DONOR PACKAGES....................................................... 22 3.1 The State Farm Structure.............................................................................................. 22 3.2 Cultural Practices ......................................................................................................... 23 3.2 Crop Diversification..................................................................................................... 23 Cereals .......................................................................................................................... 23 Industrial Crops............................................................................................................ 24 Fodder Crops................................................................................................................ 24 Medicinal Plants........................................................................................................... 24 ii 3.3 Crop Intensification...................................................................................................... 25 Irrigation....................................................................................................................... 25 Plastic Greenhouses...................................................................................................... 25 Intercropping of Fruit Orchards ................................................................................... 26 3.4 Area and Yield Projections........................................................................................... 26 3.5 The Seeds Industry ....................................................................................................... 28 3.6 Farm Machinery ........................................................................................................... 29 3.7 Farmers Associations ................................................................................................... 31 3.8 Agricultural Extension ................................................................................................. 33 Support to Farmer Associations ................................................................................... 35 3.9 Agricultural Credit ....................................................................................................... 35 3.10 Research ....................................................................................................................... 36 Zonal Farm Services Extension Units (FSEU)............................................................. 37 Adaptation of Existing Technology ............................................................................. 37 Training ........................................................................................................................ 38 Technical Assistance (TA) ........................................................................................... 38 Study Tours.................................................................................................................. 38 3.11 Donor Financing ........................................................................................................... 38 APPENDIX 1......................................................................................................................... 40 1.1 Soil Management Fertilizer Responses ........................................................................ 40 Draft Outline................................................................................................................. 40 1.2 Tillage Systems ............................................................................................................ 42 Draft Outline................................................................................................................. 42 1.3 Farming Systems Research........................................................................................... 44 Draft Outline................................................................................................................. 44 1.4 Study on Industrial Crops............................................................................................. 46 Draft Outline................................................................................................................. 46 APPENDIX 2......................................................................................................................... 47 GROSS MARGIN MAIN CROPS ........................................................................................ 47 iii LIST OF TABLES AND CHARTS Table