Wood Energy Market in SERBIA Current Situation and tendency Branko Glavonjić, PhD, Associate Professor, [email protected] Predrag Sretenovi ć, PhD student Mr Slavica Petrovi ć, Assistant Faculty of Forestry Belgrade, Serbia Wood Fuel Production in Serbia In the period of 2000-2004. production of firewood was increasing constantly, while in 2005 decreased as the result of transformation of Public Enterprises that manage the state owned forests. Estimated production of firewood in 2008 is about 1,6 milion m3 out of which 55% is from the state forest. Wood Fuel Production in Serbia State and private forest sector produce enough firewood for the necessaries of domestic population. Serbia doesn’t import firewood and small amounts are exported in Austria, Italy and some other European countries. Firewood is an important energy source, first of all for heating the population in rural areas, as well as many households in towns. Wood Fuel Production in Serbia Consumption of firewood on domestic market in towns is reduced in last few years mainly because of developing gasification sistem. Wood is mostly used by rural households. Firewood is burnt in open fireboxes or inadequate stoves with poor energy efficiency. There around 778,000 rural households in Serbia which mostly use wood as energy substance for heating during winter months. Wood Fuel Production in Serbia Private forest owners produce and sell firewood to consumers by the price of 41 EUR/prm including transport. They also offer additional service of: Cutting of wood: 3,5 EUR/prm and > Cleaving of wood: 3,5 EUR/prm 8 E UR / p rm Price of firewood including VAT (8%) on Belgrade’s depots is 49 EUR/prm including transport up to 54 EUR/prm including transport and cutting of wood. Wood Fuel Production in Serbia Price of chopped wood: 48 EUR/prm (Fco Belgrade) Previous years consumers couldn’t buy chopped wood in supermarkets like in the developed countries, but now in some of them they can find this product. Price: 3,62 EUR/0,03prm (about 120 EUR/prm) (Fco Belgrade) Briquette Consumption of briquettes in Serbia constantly growing. There are several plants for Briquette production in Serbia and one of them, that is located in North-west part of country, produce 20 tons of Briquettes per day with 30% of soya straw and 70% sawdust. Plant for Briquette production In august 2008 plant for Briquete production started to work in Southwest Serbia with the processing capacity of 60 tons sawdaust per day. Investment is worth about 1 milion EURO and employers work in three shifts. Briquette Price of domestically produced Briquettes from sawdust is between 105 - 115 EURO/ton. Price of imported Briquettes in one supermarket in Belgrade is 2,12 EURO/10kg. Briquette Boilers of German production for central heating which can use all kinds of solid fuels including Briquette can be bought in Belgrade by the price between 770 – 1200 EURO. (25kw) (45kw) The price of domestic produced boiler for central heating with 40kw power is 1200 EURO. Pellets Pellet production started by the end of 2006 in one company in West part of Serbia with the annual capacity of 10,000 tons. Pellets are mainly produced from wood refuse which becomes from own production of beech sawn timber. This company export pellets to Italian market. Pellets Animation of Pellets In Serbia, there are 4 plants for the production production of pellets. Annual production three of them is about 10,000 t each and the last one, which is located in the East part of Serbia, has capacity 30,000 t. There are 20 employers who directly work in this large plant and much more people will be engage indirectly. Also, there are indicatons that this company have intention to open more plants for pellets production in other parts of Serbia in the future. First consumers of this product will be heating stations in Belgrade. Pellets Households in Serbia do not use pellets for heating at the moment. The reasons are multifold: -Inadequate promotion of this product and effects achieved by using pellets; -Stoves and installations using pellets are still very expensive for most of the population. -There are no strong companies offering adequate boilers and heating systems that use pellets. Pellets Domestic manufacturer of heating appliance almost two years produces stove on pellets which sells on Italian market very successful, and in june 2008 was presentation for Serbian market. Price of this stove on domestic market is 960 EUR. Another manufacturer of boilers for central heating produce one (15–25 kw), which use pellets and exports it on the EU market. These boiler mades 40% of total production of this company. Price of this boiler is about 1500 EUR but he is not selling on Serbian market at the moment. Pellets All these types of stoves are German production and they can be bought in Belgrade by the prices between 2700 – 4250 EUR. Price depends of the type and power which is between 2,2 up to 9,3 kw. On delivery customer needs to wait about three weeks. Charcoal Brick kiln is made of sludge and brick, and time necessary for building is 2-3 days which first of all depends by the skills of brick maker. One brick kiln may be used up to seven years. Swedish type of charcoal is present at the most producers. Production starts in early spring and finishes by the late autumn. Producers mainly sell charcoal to resataurants, and smaller quantities are exported to Cyprus and Greece. Charcoal The production of charcoal is most common in East, West and South- west parts of Serbia. Mostly large refuse from saw-mills is used for the production of charcoal. Manufacture productivity differs from producer to producer. On average, out of 15 m 3 of large Ko čevac, village, refuse 1.9 t of charcoal is obtained. 500 bricks kiln Charcoal The price of 1kg charcoal, imported from Bosnia and Herzegovina in Belgrade’s supermarkets is 0,64 EUR. The price of 1kg domestically produced charcoal in Belgrade’s supermarkets is about 0,55 EUR (same price as last year). Because of the low selling price and relatively high price of large refuse from saw-mills and wood, the producers have small profit which is the reason why the number of producers is decreasing. Prices of various types of fuels 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 EUR/kWh0.08 0.1 0.06 0.04 0.02 0 Ugalj Kostolac Ugalj Vreoci sušeni Ugalj Vreoci sirovi Ogrevno drvo lišćara (prosušeno) Drvna sečka Drvni briketi Prirodni gas (Srbijagas) Prirodni gas (Novi Sad gas) Drvni peleti Vrste goriva Drvni peleti Elekstrična energija (dvotarifno brojilo... Mazut Lož ulje Elekstrična energija (jednotarifno broji... Elekstrična energija (dvotarifno brojilo... Elekstrična energija (jednotarifno broji... Elekstrična energija (dvotarifno brojilo... Thank you for your attention! to be continued: 2009..