Check List 10(4): 864–869, 2014 © 2014 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.checklist.org.br) Journal of species lists and distribution Ichthyofauna of the Sumidouro system, state of Minas PECIES S OF Ruanny Casarim * ISTS L Gerais, Brazil , Débora Reis de Carvalho, Rafaela Bastos Pereira and Paulo Santos Pompeu [email protected] Universidade Federal de Lavras, Departamento de Biologia. Campus Universitário, s/n. CEP 37200-000. Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil. * Corresponding author: E-mail: Abstract: Alterations in environmental conditions may cause changes to fish assemblages regarding their composition and distribution. This study aimed to describe the composition the ichthyofauna of the Sumidouro system and to compare it with the ichthyofauna found in the Lagoa Central. The Sumidouro system is a preserved aquatic biome located on the assemblagesRio das Velhas of drainage both systems on central was evaluated Brazil while in four the Lagoadifferent Central scenarios, is an environmentbuilt from recently under publishedanthropogenic data, impactand compared located inside the Lagoa Santa city. Sampling of the Sumidouro system was carried out, in October 2012. The similarity of the fish by a cluster analysis using Sorensen similarity index. The Sumidouro system is more similar to the historical fauna of the SumidouroLagoa Central system or after may its be isolation causing fromloss of Rio aquatic das Velhas. biodiversity, This indicates as observed that ina cavethe Lagoa located Central. at this region (Sumidouro Cave) may act as a barrier to fish movements. The results also allow us to infer that the intensification of urbanization around the DOI: 10.15560/10.4.864 Introduction the habitat use by native species (Zaret and Paine 1973; Welcomme 1988; Canonico et al. 2005; Vitule 2009), leading to local extinction (Welcomme 1988). Since most Biological communities vary through timeet and al. 2012). space invasive exotic species do not have natural predators as a result of differences in habitat structure (Gorman and where they are introduced, they may proliferate fast, thus Karr 1978; Ferreira and Casatti 2006; Dubey competing with, or even feeding directly on, native species The recognition of mechanisms and factors responsible for (Agostinho et al. 2007). Sutherlandsuch differences et al. 2013).is one of the most important objectives Comparative studies of lagoons that involve substantial of community ecology (Angermeier and Karr 1984; variations of abiotic conditions are excellent opportunities physical and biological factors as responsible for the to examine the effects of factors responsible for There is a discussion regarding the importance of et al. 1998). point that the spatial distribution of results from complexdistribution ecological of freshwater relationships fishes among and species,some authors which thestructuring ichthyofauna fish assemblages in the Sumidouro (Tejerina-Garro system, a preserved environmentThe aim of this located study atis tothe describe protected the areacomposition of Parque of ecosystem, habitat connectivity (individual species turnover),are influenced and byhabitat environmental availability, characteristics allied to speciesof the SumidouroEstadual do system Sumidouro and compare(Minas Gerais it with state, the Brazil).fauna of Also, the Lagoathis study Central aim of to the characterize Lagoa Santa thecity, ichthyofauna located in the of same the anthropogeniccomposition (Welcomme actions leading 1979; to habitatWerner changes 1986; mayWootton have basin, and which has been suffering several environmental 1998; Grenouillet and Hérissé 2004). Consequently, impacts. Currently, the fast expansion of urban centers has beendeep influencecausing alterations on species to composition aquatic environment on ecosystems. through Materials and Methods Study area et alcanalization,. 2012). Such dams, activities siltation, directly and affect the reduction the geomorphology of vegetal comprising Sumidouro lagoon and Samambaia stream. ofcover the (Malmqvist channel , leadingand Rundle to changes 2002; Allan in the 2004; original Casarim lotic This study was developed in the Sumidouro system, characteristics, and causing the loss of biodiversity and a Estadual do Sumidouro, Rio das Velhas basin (Figure 1). et Studied areas are located at 19°32′ S and 43°56′ W, in Parque al. 2005; Cunico et al decrease in the abundance of fishes (Sale 1985; Pompeu The park is 50 Km from Belo Horizonte, in municipalities of the community structure. 2006). Another due to frequentlythe introduction observed of of aLagoa Federal Santa Conservation and Pedro UnitLeopoldo, and belongs state of to Minas the category Gerais, exoticproblem species in intensively in the watercourse. inhabited areas is the modification ‘sustainablecentral Brazil. use The of Parque natural Estadual resources’ do Sumidouro – APA Carste consists de Lagoa Santa. Such conservation units aim to promote the to the environment in which they are introduced due to conservation of nature through the sustainable use of part theirThe facility non-native to reproduce species and with disperse, invasive they potential may preclude adapt of available resources (MMA 2000). 864 Casarim et al. | Ichthyofauna of Sumidouro system, Brazil six meters with the aim of collecting the ichthyofauna. Fish collections were performed from downstream to The Sumidouro lagoon is a temporary lake that has upstream with sieves made from mosquito netting (80 cm multiannual cycles. The lagoon may achieve a perimeter of 15 Km when full, or be completely devoid of water in drought periods (Figure 2A and 2B). This drought and asin diameter,standard 1mmtime for mesh sampling. size) and with trawl nets (3 m long, flood cycle is a natural phenomenon. The lagoon lies in 5 mm mesh size). For each point, 20 min was established a karstic region, a type of relief formed by the corrosive effect of water on soluble rocks such as limestone (IEF- The Sumidouro lagoon was also sampled once in MG 2010). Due to the peculiar characteristics of this October 2012 (Figure 3). For fish collections, trawl nets region many phenomena of karstic hydrography, such were used (3 m long, 50 mm mesh size) and two sets of as upwellings and sinkholes, are present at the Parque 150gillnets m2 with 2.4 - 14 centimeters-mesh between opposite Estadual do Sumidouro. There are sinkholes within the 18:00knots hand with 10 gillnets; meters theselong. wereEach setset uphad in approximatelythe afternoon Sumidouro lagoon, which gave the place its name (IEF-MG and removed. A total the of followingten drags morning,were performed giving a at total 6:00 of h 12 and h 2010). The water from the Samambaia stream is the main of sampling. Specimens of each species were deposited in water source of the lagoon, flowing into these sinkholes the Ichthyological Collection of the Federal University of and then rising, debouching into the Rio das Velhas (IEF- Lavras (UFLA). Fish were collected under the IEF license MG 2010; Pereira and Caldeira 2011). The Lagoa Central is located downtown in the Fishes from the Sumidouro system (Sumid) were municipality of Lagoa Santa, 19°38′ S and 43°53′ W, compared#UC127/12. with those from the Lagoa Central of the Lagoa 40 km north of Belo Horizonte, and is part of the Rio max.= 7 m), situated at das Velhas basin, Brazil (Pompeu and Alves 2003).2 Theand different human impacts, including isolation from the lagoon is relatively shallow (depth 2 et al. 1998). Santa city. Because Lagoa Central has been submitted to an altitude of 740 m, covering a total area of 1.31 km fauna in four different scenarios based on Pompeu and highwith diversitya drainage of basinaquatic of life,11.34 excellent km (Parizzi water quality and main river, we considered the Lagoa Central (LC) fish The Lagoa Central was considered an ecosystem with the region has suffered increasing transformations as a historicalAlves (2003): fauna historical minus lost fauna species (LC-Hist: (migratory) 17 species); due to great transparency. However, since the end of the 1970s, thecurrent current fauna interruption (LC-Curr: 10 of species, communication including withexotic Rio ones); das onlyconsequence caused changes of disordered in the water urbanization quality and (Coutinho transparency, and butBarbosa also in1986). its communication Such increase with in humanRio das occupationVelhas through not Velhas (LC-Isol: 14 species); and current fauna minus lost species (others) by introduction of exotic species (LC-Exot: decrease in biological diversity due to the introduction of 6 species). In the last scenario, we considered lost due to the Bebedouro stream. Furthermore, studies show a the exotic fish introduction all the lost species that do not depend on the communication between the lake and the Dataexotic collection fish species (Pompeu and Alves 2003). throughriver to complete a Cluster their analysis life cycle. based These on the four similarity scenarios index and the fishes from the Sumidouro system were compared Samambaia stream, in October 2012 (Figure 3). At each point,Twenty-three two trawl netspoints were were used sampled to isolate once a stretch in the of of Sorensen, UPGMA groupinget (Davisal. (1988). and Greenes 1983). Identification of the sampled fishes in the Sumidouro system was based on Britski Figure 1. Location map of the Sumidouro System highlighting the Sumidouro Lagoon, Samambaia stream and the sample sites. 865 Casarim et al. | Ichthyofauna of Sumidouro system, Brazil Figure 2. The