CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL RESOURCES SURVEY AND EVALUATION REPORT for the CITY OF SAN MARCOS PUBLIC WORKS CHANNEL MAINTENANCE PERMIT PROJECT, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA Prepared for: City of San Marcos Public Works 1 Civic Center Drive San Marcos, California 92069 Prepared by: Shelby Gunderman, M.A., RPA Sinéad Ní Ghabhláin, Ph.D., RPA ASM Affiliates, Inc 2034 Corte del Nogal Carlsbad, California 92011 September 2010 PN 16740 Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page NADB TITLE PAGE .............................................................................. v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................... vi 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................... 1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ........................................................................ 1 STUDY METHODS ................................................................................ 1 2. CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL OVERVIEW ................................... 9 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING .................................................................. 9 CULTURE HISTORY .............................................................................. 9 Paleoindian Period .............................................................................. 10 Archaic Period ................................................................................... 10 Late Prehistoric Period ......................................................................... 11 Post-Contact Native American Ethnohistory ............................................... 12 EURO-AMERICAN HISTORY .................................................................. 14 CITY OF SAN MARCOS HISTORY ........................................................... 16 3. STUDY METHODS AND RESULTS ............................................... 19 RECORDS SEARCH AND LITERATURE REVIEW ...................................... 19 CA-SDI-12,735 .................................................................................. 19 NATIVE AMERICAN HERITAGE COMMISSION ........................................ 33 FIELD RECONNAISSANCE: METHODS AND RESULTS .............................. 34 STORM DRAIN STRUCTURES ................................................................ 38 CONCLUSIONS .................................................................................... 38 4. EVALUATION OF THE STORM DRAIN STRUCTURES ................... 43 EARTHEN, EARTHEN/CONCRETE, AND EARTHEN/ROCK STORM DRAIN FEATURES .............................................................................. 43 EVALUATION ..................................................................................... 43 Section 106 ....................................................................................... 43 CEQA ............................................................................................. 44 Evaluation of the Storm Drain Structures ................................................... 44 5. FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................ 47 STORM DRAIN STRUCTURES ................................................................ 47 CULTURAL RESOURCES ...................................................................... 47 IMPACTS ASSESSMENT ........................................................................ 47 City of San Marcos Public Works Channel Maintenance Permit Project i Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Chapter Page REFERENCES .................................................................................... 49 APPENDICES ..................................................................................... 57 APPENDIX A. SCIC Record Search Results – Confidential APPENDIX B. Native American Heritage Commission Correspondence – Confidential APPENDIX C. Storm Drain Structures’ Construction Information APPENDIX D. DPR Form ii City of San Marcos Public Works Channel Maintenance Permit Project Table of Contents LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 1. Project vicinity. ............................................................................. 2 Figure 2. Storm drain structures within the City of San Marcos. .............................. 3 Figure 3a. Project APE shown on USGS 7.5’ quadrangles. ...................................... 4 Figure 3b. Project APE shown on USGS 7.5’ quadrangles. ...................................... 5 Figure 3c. Project APE shown on USGS 7.5’ quadrangles. ...................................... 6 Figure 3d. Project APE shown on USGS 7.5’ quadrangles. ...................................... 7 Figure 4. Map of the storm drain structure survey areas in the APE. ........................ 37 Figure 5. Storm drain channel bisecting CA-SDI-12735, facing south east. ................ 39 Figure 6. A landscaped concrete, rock rip-rap, and earthen storm drain structure. ........ 39 Figure 7. A concrete pipe, earthen and rock rip-rap storm drain structure. ................. 40 Figure 8. A concrete and earthen storm drain structure. ........................................ 40 Figure 9. A rock rip-rap and earthen storm drain structure. ................................... 41 Figure 10. An earthen channel storm drain structure.............................................. 41 LIST OF TABLES Page Table 1. Previous Cultural Resources Reports Addressing Areas within the APE and One-Half-Mile Search Radius ...................................................... 20 Table 2. Previously Recorded Resources within the APE and One-Half- Mile Search Radius* ...................................................................... 28 Table 3. Historical Addresses Located Within One-Half Mile of the APE ................. 32 Table 4. Survey Results .............................................................................. 34 City of San Marcos Public Works Channel Maintenance Permit Project iii NADB Title Page NADB TITLE PAGE Author: Shelby Gunderman, M.A., RPA Sinéad Ní Ghabhláin, Ph.D., RPA ASM Affiliates, Inc. 2034 Corte del Nogal, Carlsbad, California 92011 760-804-5757 Date: September 2010 Report title: Cultural and Historical Resources Survey and Evaluation Report for the City of San Marcos Public Works Channel Maintenance Permit Project, San Diego County, California Submitted by: ASM Affiliates, Inc. Submitted to: City of San Marcos Public Works, 1 Civic Center Drive, San Marcos, CA 92069 USGS 7.5’ Quadrangles: San Marcos and Rancho Santa Fe Acres: Approximately 19 acres Keywords: Storm Drain Structures, City of San Marcos, CA-SDI-12,735 New Sites: None Updated Sites: CA-SDI-12,735 City of San Marcos Public Works Channel Maintenance Permit Project v Executive Summary EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The City of San Marcos (City) proposes to maintain storm drain structures located throughout the city, in San Diego County, California. This report presents the results of a cultural and historical resource inventory and evaluation conducted within the Area of Potential Effect (APE) for the proposed project. This study was completed in compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) and the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). The lead agency for Section 106 review is the Army Corps of Engineers (Army Corps) while the City of San Marcos is the lead agency for CEQA review. This study included a literature and records search, a pedestrian survey of the project APE, and an eligibility evaluation of the storm drain structures, for the National Register of Historical Places (National Register) and the California Register of Historic Resources (California Register). No archaeological sites were identified within the project APE as a result of the pedestrian survey. One archaeological site, CA-SDI-12,735, had been previously recorded within the APE. The site was recommended as significant under CEQA in 1991, and a data recovery project was performed in 1992 before the site’s controlled destruction during a stream rehabilitation project. The site was not relocated during the current survey. The storm drain structures are recommended not eligible for listing in the National Register or the California Register. The proposed project will not result in adverse impacts to prehistoric or historical resources. vi City of San Marcos Public Works Channel Maintenance Permit Project 1. Introduction 1. INTRODUCTION PROJECT DESCRIPTION The City of San Marcos (City) proposes the maintenance of earthen, earthen/concrete, and earthen/rock storm drain structures located throughout the City of San Marcos, in San Diego County, California (Figures 1 and 2). Specifically, storm drain inlets, channels, and detention basins will be cleared of vegetation and sediment to increase their capacity. Clearing is performed by a combination of herbicide application; the removal of accumulated sediment, debris, and vegetation utilizing handheld tools, and heavy/medium mechanical equipment; mowing vegetative growth; and removing invasive plant species by hand. The APE includes earthen, earthen/rock, and earthen/concrete drainage features along the storm drain channels. Work will take place solely within the storm drain structures. The APE is located on the USGS 7.5-minute San Marcos and Rancho Santa Fe quadrangles, in Townships 11 and 12 South and Ranges 2 and 3 West (Figure 3). The purpose of the cultural resources survey was to aid in compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA). Section 106 is applicable to federal undertakings, including projects financed or permitted by federal agencies, regardless