ISSN : 0974-2336 EASTERN GHATS Vol. 15, No.4, 2009 Orissa a Andhra Pradesh k a t a n r a K ENVIS CENTRE ON ECOLOGY OF EASTERN GHATS Tamil Nadu The ENVIS Centre on Eastern Ghats is a decentralized Environmental Information Centre established by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India on thematic issue of Ecology of Eastern Ghats Volume - 15 Issue - 4 October - December, 2009 Editorial Content Editorial 1 The Status of Orchids in Kolli Hills of Eastern Tiger Population Trend in SBR 2 Ghats, their utilization and conservation was Salient Feature of the Zoo rules, 2009 2 Faunal Resources in Similipal 3 discussed in the previous newsletter. Faunal Biosphere Reserve, Mayurbhanj, Resources of Similipal Biosphere Reserve of Orissa, A part of Eastern Ghats Mayurbhanj, Orissa, of Eastern Ghats, their Bibliography 7 ENVIS Activities 7 distribution status and diversity including Forthcoming Events 7 threats and conservation measures are World Wildlife Week 8 discussed in this current newsletter. In addition to these information, Tiger Population Trend in Similipal Biosphere Reserve(SBR) from 1972 to 2002, Salient Features of the Zoo Rules 2009, Bibliography on Similipal, ENVIS Activities, Forthcoming Events and World Wildlife Week and it's celebrations are provided. ENVIS Coordinator http ://www.team-bhp.com/forum/attachments/travelogues ENVIS CENTRE ON EASTERN GHATS ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION TRAINING & RESEARCH INSTITUTE 91/4, Gachibowli, Hyderabad - 500 032, A.P., India Ph.:+91-040-23006472, 23000489, 23001241, 23001242 Fax No: +40 - 23000361 URL: http://envis-eptri.ap.nic.in; http//www.eptri.com Email : [email protected] \ [email protected] EPTRI - ENVIS Newsletter Vol. 15, No.4, 2009 ISSN No: 0974-2336 4. Fees for Application 5. Documents to be filled along with the application and Volume : 15, Issue : 4 Year: 2009 particulars it should contain Editorial Team 6. Power to make inquiries and call for information 7. Form of recognition Dr. Razia Sultana, ENVIS Coordinator 8. Renewal of recognition Dr. Prabhata Kumar Swain, Sr. Program Officer 9. Classification of zoos Mr. B.L.N. Murty, Program Officer 10. Standards and norms for recognition Mr. S.S. Murty, Team Member 11. Maintenance of Records and submission of Inventory Published by The Schedule The schedule describes about standards and norms to be EPTRI, Hyderabad. followed by the Central Zoo Authority (CZA) to grant Supported by recognition to a zoo with due regard to the interest of Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF), protection and conservation of wildlife. The standards and Government of India, New Delhi norms are as follows HISTORICAL DATA OF TIGER 1. General requirements POPULATION IN SBR - 1972 TO 2002 2. Administrative and Staffing Pattern 3. Development and Planning 4. Animal housing, display of animals and animal enclosures 5. Upkeep and healthcare of animals 6. Veterinary and infrastructure facilities 7. Post-mortem and disposal of carcasses of animals 8. Euthanasia of the animals 9. Acquisition and breeding of animals 10. Research activities 11. Education and outreach activities 12. Visitors facilities Form- I The form I is meant for the application to be used by zoo for Source: http://www.wildlifeorissa.in/projecttiger.html recognition and also extension recognition before three month of expiry. SALIENT FEATURES OF THE ZOO RULES, 2009 Form II This form consists of two parts, Part - A and Part - B. G. S. R. 807 (E).____ In exercise of the powers conferred by clauses (f) and (g) of Sub-section (1) of section 63 of the Part A (Proforma for Quarterly/ Annual Inventory Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 (53 of 1972), and in Report): This is a format prescribed by CZA to be used by supersession of the Recognition of Zoo Rules, 1992, every zoo to maintain record of the births, acquisitions, except as in respect of things done or omitted to be done deaths and disposals of animals of each species. The before such supersession, the Central Government hereby inventory of the animals in the collection of each zoo, along th with the details mentioned above for each financial year makes 11 rules, 1 Schedule and 2 Forms on 11 November shall be submitted by 30th day of April of the ensuing year. 2009 as given below:- Part B (Proforma for Annual Inventory Report): This is a Rules format to be filled by every zoo for an annual report of its 1. Short title and commencement activities and compliance of the conditions stipulated by 2. Definitions CZA for each financial year to the Central Zoo Authority by 3. Application for Recognition the 30th day of June of the year. 2 EPTRI - ENVIS Newsletter Vol. 15, No.4, 2009 FAUNAL RESOURCES IN SIMILIPAL BIOSPHERE RESERVE, MAYURBHANJ, ORISSA, A PART OF EASTERN GHATS P. Girija Shankar Sethy Zoological Survey of India, Fire Proof Spirit Building, 27, J. L. Nehru Road, Indian Museum Complex, Kolkata-16 The Eastern Ghats are located between 7700 22' to 85 20' E River basin and drainage 00 longitudes and 11 30' to 21 0' N latitudes. It extend in a The Similipal forest is well-wooded, rolling, plateau with north-east south-west strike in the Indian Peninsula deep folds of hills, interlaced with numerous networks of covering an area of about 75,000 km2 with an average perennial streams and rivers. Most of the rivers pass width of 200 Km in the north and 100 Km in the south through undulating hills forming waterfalls like Joranda (Pullaiah, 2001). They extend over a length of 1750 Km (150m amsl) and Barehipani (400m amsl). There are, in all, between the rivers of Mahanadi and Vaigai along east cost. ten perennial streams flowing in all directions. Khadkei, Eastern Ghats mainly spreads through the states of Orissa, Gangahar, Sono, East Deo, Sanjo, Palpala, streams flow Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. The Similipal Biosphere towards east, joining river Bhudabalanga which drains into Reserve is the eight Biosphere Reserve (Notification no. the Bay of Bengal. Remaining streams like Khairi, 16/2/85 MAB CSC 22nd June, 1994, Govt. of Orissa, Bandhan, West Deo joins river Baitarani. Yet another river- Forest Dept.) in India is a part of Eastern Ghats. Salandi also originates from Similipal, finally draining into Location, Linkage and Area of Similipal Biosphere Bay of Bengal. Therefore Similipal has as its heritage a rich Reserve natural watershed. The study area lies in the north-east region of Orissa, 20º Phyto-diversity 17'- 22º 34' N latitude and 85º 40'- 87º 10' E longitudes, Similipal forests come under the broad category of North covering ca. 64% of Mayurbhanj District. There are two Indian Tropical Deciduous Forest with moist peninsular sal main entrances to Biosphere Reserve, one through (Shorea robusta) as the predominant species. According to Jashipur, in the north-east region and other through biogeographic classification by Rodgers and Panwar Pithabata, north-west region. The N.H. 5 (1988), the three hierarchical levels of planning units under (Kolkata–Chennai) passes through the northern part of the which Similipal has been classified are, Biogeographic biosphere reserve. The sprawling biosphere (2750 km² zone: Deccan peninsula; Biogeographic province: area) has core area (845.70 km²) while the rest forms the Chhotnagpur; and Biogeographic region: Mahanadian. buffer zone (1904.30 km²). Of the total area, about 1400 However, Similipal represents all the features of all the km² additional area forms Transitional zone (extending up four biotic provinces for which Orissa is the junction. to10 kms from the buffer line). Addition of 77 km² of Nato These provinces are eastern plateau Chhotanagpur, Lower conservation Forest, and 147 km² Satokoshia gangetic plain and Coast Line. The flora of Similipal is a Conservation Forest, has enhanced the total area of mixture of south Indian, north Indian and Andaman Similipal to 4374 km², as of now. The dense luxuriant species. Interestingly, few plants and some species of green cover extending up to highest mountain peak orchids are endemic to the reserve. The flora of Similipal (Khairiburu, 1166m. alt. above sea level), has forest is estimated to be 1076 species (Saxsena and characteristic North Indian Tropical Deciduous Forest Brahmam, 1989) besides, 94 species of Orchids with moist peninsular Sal (Shorea robusta) as the (representing 8% of the countries orchid diversity, with 4 predominant plant community. species as new reports from India). Further, 573 species of Meteorology medicinal plants also occur in this biosphere reserve. In Similipal, December / January happens to be the coldest Occurence of medicinal plants like Achyranthes, month, with mean minimum temperature ranging Andrographis, Cassia, Cinnamomum comphora, between 7.2°C to 11°C. Incidentally, the region witnessed Terminalia tomentosa, Kydia calysina etc. indicate floristic during mid January 2003 the minimum temperature potential of the region for medicinal plants (Swain & (1.5°C) and snow fall. May is the hottest month, with Nanda, 1997). Further, Similipal also is home to many rare mean maximum temperature ranging between 33.4°C and species of plants. The more economic species of trees in the 37.4°C (Srivastava and Singh, 1997). During hot reserve are Sal, Silk cotton, Arjun, Asan, Champa, summers, wind storms/thunderstorms are a common Eugenia, Diospyros, Madhuca and Bija etc. feature. The air is quite humid with relative humidity Faunistic Diversity always exceeding 70%. The rainy season is sultry, humid The Similipal biosphere reserve is a rich heritage of and falls between June – October. The southwest biological diversity. It is home to some of the charismatic monsoons bring nearly 90% of the total annual animals such as tigers, elephants, leopards, spotted deer precipitation. and mouse deer. It is also the treasure house for lavish population of wild fauna. The summary and details of total 3 EPTRI - ENVIS Newsletter Vol. 15, No.4, 2009 species so far known /observed and identified from the genera from Similipal (Sethy et al., 2007).