South African Journal of Science volume 115 number 3/4 WomenWithout in Science Borders Volume 115 Number 3/4 March/April 2019 EDITOR-IN-CHIEF John Butler-Adam Academy of Science of South Africa MANAGING EDITOR Linda Fick Academy of Science of South Africa South African ONLINE PUBLISHING Journal of Science SYSTEMS ADMINISTRATOR Nadine Wubbeling Academy of Science of South Africa ONLINE PUBLISHING ADMINISTRATOR Sbonga Dlamini eISSN: 1996-7489 Academy of Science of South Africa ASSOCIATE EDITORS Priscilla Baker Leader Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape Time to say… John Butler-Adam .................................................................................................................... 1 Pascal Bessong HIV/AIDS & Global Health Research Programme, University of Venda Scientific Correspondence Parental care or opportunism in South African Triassic cynodonts? Nicolas Beukes Department of Geology, University Julien Benoit ............................................................................................................................ 2 of Johannesburg Alpha and sigma taxonomy of Lystrosaurus murrayi and L. declivis, Triassic dicynodonts (Therapsida) from the Karoo Basin, South Africa Chris Chimimba Department of Zoology and J. Francis Thackeray ................................................................................................................ 4 Entomology, University of Pretoria Teresa Coutinho Invited Commentary Department of Microbiology and In search of a place in history for mathematics: A lecture series in South Africa Plant Pathology, University of Pretoria Tomoko L. Kitagawa ................................................................................................................. 7 Tania Douglas Division of Biomedical Engineering, Commentary University of Cape Town Managing South African biodiversity research data: Hester du Plessis Meeting the challenges of rapidly developing information technology Research Use and Impact Assessment, Human Sciences Willem Coetzer & Michelle Hamer ............................................................................................. 10 Research Council Communication on rhino poaching: Precautionary lessons Maryna Steyn about backfires and boomerangs School of Anatomical Sciences, Ian Glenn, Sam M. Ferreira & Danie Pienaar ............................................................................. 15 University of the Witwatersrand A call to embrace adaptive management for effective elephant Amanda Weltman conservation in Zimbabwe Department of Mathematics and Hlengisizwe Ncube ................................................................................................................... 19 Applied Mathematics, University of Cape Town A fair individualised university researcher rating system? A rejoinder to the current NRF debate ASSOCIATE EDITOR David A. Coldwell .................................................................................................................... 22 MENTEES Maitumeleng Nthontho On defining droughts: Department of Education Response to ‘The ecology of drought – a workshop report’ Management and Policy Studies, Jennifer M. Fitchett ................................................................................................................... 25 University of Pretoria Yali Woyessa Women in Science Without Borders Department of Civil Engineering, Central University of Technology State of African research: Snapshot of abstracts for the 2018 Women in Science Without Borders indaba Juanette John & Sonali Das ...................................................................................................... 27 EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD ‘Gender shouldn’t matter because we are all scientists here’: Laura Czerniewicz A narration of the panel discussion at the 2nd International Centre for Higher Education Women in Science Without Borders conference Development, University of Cape Town Antoinique van Staden, Nova Ahmed, Yoseph Getachew, Irvy M.A. Gledhill, Maria Kanjere, Sibusisiwe Khuluse-Makhanya & Sonali Das ....................................................... 33 Hassina Mouri Department of Geology, A global approach to the gender gap in mathematical, University of Johannesburg computing and natural sciences: How to measure it, how to reduce it? Johann Mouton Irvy M.A. Gledhill, Marie-Françoise Roy, Mei-Hung Chiu, Rachel Ivie, Silvina Centre for Research on Science and Ponce-Dawson & Helena Mihaljević ......................................................................................... 37 Technology, Stellenbosch University A gender perspective on career challenges experienced by African scientists Sershen Naidoo Heidi Prozesky & Johann Mouton .............................................................................................. 40 School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Assessing the potential effects of nevirapine in South African surface water on fish growth: A chronic exposure of Oreochromis mossambicus Maano Ramutsindela U. Marie Clémentine Nibamureke, Irene E.J. Barnhoorn & Gesina M. Wagenaar .......................... 45 Department of Environmental & Geographical Science, University of Reclassification of early stage breast cancer into treatment groups by Cape Town combining the use of immunohistochemistry and microarray analysis Kathleen A. Grant, Ettienne J. Myburgh , Elizabeth Murray , Fredrieka M. Pienaar , Himla Soodyall Martin Kidd , Colleen A. Wright & Maritha J. Kotze .................................................................... 51 Academy of Science of South Africa Published by Review Article the Academy of Science of South Africa (www.assaf.org.za) The decline of the Knysna elephants: Pattern and hypotheses with financial assistance from the Lizette Moolman, Sam M. Ferreira, Angela Gaylard, Dave Zimmerman & Graham I.H. Kerley ...... 57 Department of Science & Technology. Design and layout Research Article SUN MeDIA Bloemfontein T: 051 444 2552 Exploring integrative research in the context of invasive alien plant management E: [email protected] Brent Abrahams, Nadia Sitas & Karen J. Esler ........................................................................... 64 Correspondence and Leveraging media informatics for the surveillance and understanding of enquiries disease outbreaks [email protected] Bankole Falade.......................................................................................................................... 75 Copyright Ostrich farmer characteristics predict conservation opportunity All articles are published under a Anita Wheeler, Andrew T. Knight, Mark Difford & Susanne Vetter ................................................ 84 Creative Commons Attribution Licence. Copyright is retained by the authors. An empirical investigation of alternative semi-supervised segmentation methodologies Disclaimer Douw G. Breed & Tanja Verster ................................................................................................. 92 The publisher and editors accept no responsibility for statements made by the authors. Research Letter Submissions A bioinformatics pipeline for rare genetic diseases in South African patients Submissions should be made at Maryke Schoonen, Albertus S. Seyffert, Francois H. van der Westhuizen & Izelle Smuts ............ 99 www.sajs.co.za Cover caption ‘Women in Science’: The women in science who have contributed to articles in this issue (images courtesy of the authors). The theme of this issue emanated from the 2nd International Women in Science Without Borders conference. Selected research papers presented at the conference were submitted and reviewed for publication. The DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Mathematical and Statistical Sciences (CoE-MaSS), South Africa, is thanked for sponsoring the publication of this issue. Opinions expressed and conclusions arrived at are those of the authors and are not necessarily to be attributed to the CoE-MaSS. Time to say… It is often time to say something significant, and when we do, spatial in December 2014 and a publication honouring Jane can be found on terms come to the fore: ‘This is not a borderline case’ or ‘Welcome to their site here. The publication is a notable testimony to her scholarship new horizons’ or ‘Here’s where we draw the line’. and contributions to environmental history (and other histories) in South Africa, and also a valuable read. Very best wishes for the years ahead, ‘This is not a borderline case’. Women in Science Without Borders Jane. (WiSWB) is a relatively new initiative conceived to empower women in science, whether young or older, by encouraging research excellence ‘Here’s where we draw the line’. This is my 38th Leader and the last I shall and impact and challenging gender inequality. It is hoped that WiSWB write. That line drawn, it is interesting to note the focus of my first Leader, will attract attention and help to address concerns of women already written in January 2013, and what might have changed since then. working, or studying, in the basic and applied sciences. In 2018, The Leader was titled ‘Education, training and innovation in the National WiSWB and the University of Johannesburg worked together to host the Development Plan – 2030’ (NDP) and considered some of the challenges 2nd International WiSWB indaba (conference) with the support of the that education and science faced, at that time, in relation to helping South African Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). achieve the