Links and Information from Tornado Day on Good Morning Cincinnati WKRC TV, Local 12 Cincinnati, Ohio PRECISION DOPPLER 12 RADAR http://www.wkrc.com/weather/doppler/doppler12.aspx POP UP PRECISION DOPPLER 12 RADAR FOR YOUR DESKTOP http://www.wkrc.com/weather/Popup_Doppler/default.aspx Left:April 26, 1884, Garnet, Kansas, The first known tornado photograph. Photographer A.A. Adams. Right: August 28, 1884, near Forestburg, South Dakota, The second tornado photograph. Photographer F. N. Robinson. SIX DANGEROUS TORNADO MYTHS MYTH # 1 - TORNADOES CANNOT FORM IN OR CROSS MOUNTAINS. FALSE TELL THAT TO SCOTT NEWTON WHO TOOK THE PHOTOGRAPH AT THE LINK BELOW – THE HIGHEST TORNADO KNOWN AT NEARLY 12,000 FT. IN THE SIERRA NEVADA. http://tornado.sfsu.edu/RockwellPassTornado/ MYTH # 2 - CITIES ARE PROTECTED FROM TORNADOES BECAUSE THE BUILDINGS DISRUPT WIND FLOW? FALSE A LOOK AT THESE WILL CONVINCE YOU. OMAHA – 1913 http://www.livgenmi.com/1913netornado~imagedirectory.htm CINCINNATI 1915 http://www.shorstmeyer.com/tornadoes/1915/1915.html NASHVILLE, 1998 http://www.cnn.com/WEATHER/9804/16/nashville.tornado.4/#2 http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/goes/misc/980416.html OKLAHOMA CITY – 1999 http://www.hprcc.unl.edu/nebraska/OKCDAMAGEPATH-lg.html http://www.hprcc.unl.edu/nebraska/may99plainstornadoes-photos.html MIAMI, FLORIDA – 1997 http://www.srh.noaa.gov/mfl/newpage/tornpix.html FORT WORTH – 2000 http://www.dallassky.com/fwtornado.htm http://www.kenkuhl.com/tornado/ SAALT LAKE CITY - 1999 http://www.hprcc.unl.edu/nebraska/SLCtornado.html MYTH # 3 - OPENING WINDOWS WILL PROTECT MY HOUSE FROM THE DAMAGING PRESSURE DROP THAT CAN CAUSE THE HOUSE TO EXPLODE FALSE IT’S THE WIND (AND THE DEBRIS HURLED BY THE WIND) NOT THE PRESSURE DROP BECAUSE THE WINDS GET THERE FIRST – SO….DO NOT WASTE TIME OPENING YOUR WINDOWS. READ ABOUT THE GREATEST PRESSURE DROP MEASURED INSIDE A TORNADO FROM THE “GUINNESS WORLD RECORD” PEOPLE. http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/content_pages/record.asp?recordid= 58870 BY THE WAY THE RECORD PRESSURE DROP OF 100 MILLIBARS (mb) THAT STORM CHASERS MEASURED MEANS AN EXTRA PRESSURE OF 1.45 psi (NOTE: 1 psi = 68.97 mb). THAT IS AN ADDITIONAL PRESSURE OF 209 POUNDS PER SQUARE FOOT OR FOR A WALL 15 FT. TALL AND 20 FEET LONG A TOTAL PRESSURE OF 62,700 POUNDS – PROBABLY ENOUGH TO CAUSE QUITE A BIT OF DAMAGE. MYTH # 4 - THE SAFEST SPOT IN MY HOUSE IS THE SOUTHWEST CORNER OF THE BASEMENT FALSE IT DEPENDS ON THE SITUATION. THE SOUTHWEST CORNER COULD BE THE SAFEST BUT IT COULD ALSO RECEIVE THE MOST DEBRIS. IT ALL DEPENDS ON WHAT SIDE OF YOU HOME THE TORBNADO GOES. IF IT IS A MULTIPLE FUNNEL TORNADO THE DEBRIS COULD BLOW IN ANY DIRECTION. TAKE A LOOK AT THE SPENCER, SD TORNADO DAMAGE AND SEE WHY YOU SHOULD GET TO A SAFE SPOT ASAP. http://www.spc.noaa.gov/misc/spencer/spendmg.htm PLAN AHEAD – GET TO THE SAFE SPOT YOU DECIDE UPON – NOT THE SOUTHWEST CORNER OF YOUR BASEMENT. GO TO THIS SITE FOR TIPS ON TORNADO SAFETY. http://www.spc.noaa.gov/faq/tornado/safety.html FOR STORM CHASERS, READ THIS ON SAFETY ISSUES: http://www.cimms.ou.edu/~doswell/Chasing2.html MYTH # 5 - I ONLY HAVE TO WORRY ABOUT TORNADOES DURING TORNADO SEASON. FALSE TORNADOES HAVE OCCURRED IN ALL MONTHS OF THE YEAR IN OHIO, KENTUCKY AND INDIANA. CHECK OUT THIS GREAT NOAA WEBSITE. http://www.nssl.noaa.gov/hazard/ MYTH # 6 - ALONG AN EXPRESSWAY SAFE SHELTER CAN BE FOUND UNDER AN OVERPASS. FALSE IN A DIRECT HIT WIND SPEEDS CAN BE EVEN HIGHER THERE BECAUSE OF THE VENTURI EFFECT AND MOST TORNADO DEATHS ARE CAUSED BY FLYING DEBRIS NEAR GROUND LEVEL UP UNDER THE OVERPASS YOU MAY BE MORE EXPOSED TO DEBRIS. CHUCK DOSWELL A HIGHLY RESPECTED AND VOCAL METEOROLOGIST WRITES ON THIS PRACTICE HERE: http://webserv.chatsystems.com/~doswell/OKC_may3rd/OKC_thoughts2.html AND DON’T MISS THIS PRESENTATION: http://www.srh.noaa.gov/oun/papers/overpass/slide01.html TORNADOES AND SEVERE STORMS AROUND THE WORLD THE FIRST TORNADO FORECAST http://www.siam.org/siamnews/06-98/tornado.htm FUN STUFF http://whyfiles.org/013tornado/index.html http://www.tornadoproject.com/index.html http://www.tornadoproject.com/index.html http://dsc.discovery.com/convergence/tornado/tornado.html http://www.wind.ttu.edu/Shelters/storm_shelters.htm TORNADO FORMATION http://www.shorstmeyer.com/tornadoes/bubble1.html http://www.crh.noaa.gov/lmk/soo/docu/supercell.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tornado#Tornado_formation HOOK ECHO http://chill.colostate.edu/tornado_1953/ SUPERCELL THUNDERSTORMS http://www.extremewinds.com/learn.html http://www.cimms.ou.edu/~doswell/Conference_papers/SELS96/Supercell.h tml http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/mtr/svr/type/spr/home.rxml http://www.nssl.noaa.gov/teams/swat/Cases/990503/StormA.html STRUCTURE OF SUPER CELLS http://www.theweatherprediction.com/severe/structure/ http://www.chaseday.com/identity-2.htm STORM SPOTTER’S GUIDE http://spotterguides.us/ GENERAL INFO http://www.weather-wise.org/anmviewer.asp?a=50&z=1 http://www.nssl.noaa.gov/users/brooks/public_html/worldfscale.html#world http://www.outlook.noaa.gov/tornadoes/ http://www.noaa.gov/tornadoes.html EUROPE – GENERAL http://www.estripes.com/article.asp?section=126&article=16711&archive=tru e http://www.tordach.org/pdf/ecss02s.pdf http://www.essl.org/pdf/ESSL_PilotStudy.pdf AUSTRALIA http://www.bom.gov.au/info/thunder/index.shtml http://australiasevereweather.com/ http://australiasevereweather.com/links/ozhome.htm http://www.nswstorms.com/ http://www.bsch.au.com/ http://www.downunderchase.com/ http://www.users.bigpond.com/martypouwelse/ http://www.stormchasers.au.com/ http://www.stormfreak.net/ http://www.weatherchase.net/ http://www.saweather.net/ http://www.electricskies.com.au/ http://australiasevereweather.com/storm_news/asc/asc_nov_2003.pdf ARGENTINA http://www.tornadoproject.com/alltorns/argentina.htm AUSTRIA http://www.tordach.org/at/Tornado_climatology_of_Austria.html http://www.tordach.org/at/index_e.html BANGLADESH http://www.news24.com/News24/World/News/0,6119,2-10- 1462_1679336,00.html http://bangladeshtornadoes.org/ BRAZIL http://www.ndtv.com/morenews/showmorestory.asp?slug=Tornadoes+strike+ Brazil&id=66352 CANADA http://www.utoronto.ca/env/nh/pt2ch2-2-2.htm http://www.ontariostorms.com/ CHINA http://www.tornadoproject.com/alltorns/china.htm http://www.china.org.cn/english/2005/Apr/126552.htm CYPRUS http://www.weatheronline.co.uk/feature/ne280103.htm CZECH REPUBLIC http://www.chmi.cz/torn/publications/AtmRes-ECSS2002_Setvak-Salek- Munzar.pdf http://www.chmi.cz/torn/ GERMANY http://wetterchronik.de/english/tornadogeruecht.htm http://www.tordach.org/pdf/etss_1p.pdf http://www.eurotornado.ou.edu/Abstracts/Dotzek1.PDF http://www.tordach.org/de/ http://www.chasebase.de/ http://www.grenzwetter.de/ ITALY http://www.tornadoit.org/ NETHERLANDS http://www.stormchasing.nl/ http://www.weatherpictures.nl/ http://www.dutchweather.nl/ http://www.dandantheweatherman.com/Bereklauw/dutchtns.htm NEW ZEALAND http://www.news24.com/News24/World/News/0,6119,2-10- 1462_1674136,00.html SOUTH AFRICA http://www.nwas.org/ej/heidelberg/ http://www.news24.com/News24/South_Africa/News/0,6119,2-7- 1442_1656962,00.html http://www.news24.com/News24/South_Africa/News/0,6119,2-7- 1442_1651419,00.html SWEDEN http://www.svemet.org/tornado.html SWITZERLAND http://www.tordach.org/ch/ UNITED KINGDOM http://www.torro.org.uk/research/whirlextreme.htm http://geography.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?site=http://news.bbc.c o.uk/2/hi/science/nature/3059663.stm USA LIST OF TORNADO OUTBREAKS http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tornadoes_and_tornado_outbreaks THE SUPER OUTBREAK OF 1974 http://www.april31974.com/ http://www.publicaffairs.noaa.gov/storms/index.html CURRENT SEVERE WEATHER INFO http://www.spc.noaa.gov/ US TORNADO AND SEVERE STORM HAZARDS http://www.nssl.noaa.gov/hazard/ TORNADO FAQS FROM STORM PREDICTION CENTER http://www.spc.noaa.gov/faq/tornado/ HISTORICAL US TORNADO DATA http://www.spc.noaa.gov/archive/tornadoes/index.html CLIMATOLOGY – TECHNICAL ARTICLE http://www.nssl.noaa.gov/users/brooks/public_html/concannon/ CINCINNATI AREA http://www.shorstmeyer.com/tornadoes/index.html 1974 XENIA http://www.xeniatornado.com/ http://kitty.net.tripod.com/321/id10.html 1974 SAYLER PARK http://www.shorstmeyer.com/tornadoes/1974.html INDIANA http://www.disastercenter.com/indiana/tornado.html http://www.tornadoproject.com/alltorns/intorn.htm KENTUCKY http://www.disastercenter.com/kentucky/tornado.html http://www.tornadoproject.com/alltorns/kytorn.htm OHIO http://www.disastercenter.com/ohio/tornado.html http://www.tornadoproject.com/alltorns/ohtorn.htm WISCONSIN http://www.wx-fx.com/ VIETNAM http://www.news24.com/News24/World/News/0,6119,2-10- 1462_1679651,00.html LIGHTNING http://www.lightningphotography.com/ http://www.users.bigpond.com/beatartone/ http://www.electricskies.com.au/ http://www.atwillett.com/ STORM PHOTOGRAPHY – GENERAL http://www.weather-photography.com/index.php http://www.spc.noaa.gov/faq/tornado/torscans.htm http://webserv.chatsystems.com/~doswell/Outdoor_Images/Photo_tips.htm l http://www.tahoetwisters.com/ http://www.asktheweatherman.com/ THE FUJITA SCALE & Tetsuya “Ted” Fujita http://www.msu.edu/~fujita/tornado/ttfujita/biography.html http://www.stormtrack.org/library/people/fujita.htm http://www.shorstmeyer.com/tornadoes/fpp.html http://www.spc.noaa.gov/faq/tornado/f-scale.html DOPPLER RADAR http://www.spc.noaa.gov/faq/tornado/doppler.htm http://www.pirateisle.com/gatech2/sciviz/history.html NWS DOPPLER SITES http://weather.noaa.gov/radar/national.html PRECISION DOPPLER 12 RADAR http://www.wkrc.com/weather/doppler/doppler12.aspx POP UP PRECISION DOPPLER 12 RADAR FOR YOUR DESKTOP http://www.wkrc.com/weather/Popup_Doppler/default.aspx DOPPLER AND RADAR TUTORIALS http://www.skywarn.ampr.org/radartut.htm#contents http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/rs/rad/home.rxml TORNADO VORTEX GENERATOR CINCINNATI POST ARTICLE ABOUT MATT BLOEMER, STEVE HORSTMEYER’S MORNING PRODUCER WHO BUILT THE TORNADO VORTEX GENERATOR DEMONSTRATED ON LOCAL 12.