4th International Conference on Language Literature, Culture and Education Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Asalam Ilikum and Good Morning to One and All. About Author • M M Sohil is a teacher in School Education Department Government of Jammu and Kashmir. He is presently posted at Government High School Bohardar Neel. Zone Banihal District, Ramban Jammu Province J&K India. He is working in the School Education Department Government of Jammu and Kashmir since 2004. • Qualification: PhD, M Phil English, Double PG in English, M.A Sociology, B.Ed, B.A, Diploma in Teach English and Diploma in Creative Writing in English. He has more than sixteen years of Teaching Experience. • He has published more twenty four (24) research papers on different topics. These papers have been published in National and International Journals and some of them have been published in UGC recognized Journals. He has presented more five papers in International Conferences and has presented more than twelve papers in National Seminars and Conferences. Mr. Sohil has also presented his research papers in National and International Webinars. Besides above Sohil has also participated in numbers of National and International Conferences, Seminars, Workshops and Webinars and has written various poems on different issues. Title Case Study on Khah Language Abstract • Language is the identity of the people and it shapes our society ideologically and culturally. It is the source of recognition and instrument of expression. This research has been taken to study this language in intensive and in-depth manner in order to provide an understanding of Khah language, its insights to developmental pathways, historical overviews, demography, migration and immigrant speakers, and its population expansion, speakers and areas of the language. The whole study will be confined to Language users their areas, contacts with the other language speakers. Khah language literature is available in the form of poetry, folks songs, prose, translation, and historical books. It is spoken in districts like Ramban, Doda, Udhampur, Kishtwar, Rajouri, Reasi, Jammu, and Anantnag in the territory of Jammu and Kashmir. We have also migrant speakers settled in different parts of the country like, in Kathua, Srinagar, Delhi, and Mumbai. This language is an ancient language and it was the language of the Rajas. The language of Khasas or Khasha tribe who ruled the several regions of Himalaya and Kashmir in the ancient times which is mentioned in the Vedas, Epic Mahabharata, Puranas, Nilmata Purana, Rajatarangini and in other great historical books. It is understood that this language is as old as the ancient tribe Khasas. Attempt is made to examine the Khah language which is unknown and unexplored in this context to the readers. • Keywords: Khah Language, Society, Districts, Literature, Speakers, Identity, Khasas, Tribe. Introduction The people of mentioned areas are predominantly speaking Khah language in the society. (Sohil P 190-91) • It is obvious that the kingdoms of Khasha tribe were spread over the large hilly and mountainous areas of Peer Panchyal which includes Uttrakand, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Nepal and Punjab in Pakistan. Khasha tribe is an ancient tribe living in Asian Continent mentioned in the Rigveda, Puranas, Nilmata Purana, Rajatarangini and in other historical books. • Khasha or mordern Khah language is an ancient Language of kings and warriors. The extension of Khah language is expanding day by day. This language is spoken since the ages in Himalayan belts. • Khah language is presently spoken in the Union Territory Of Jammu and Kashmir in more than nine districts like Ramban, Doda, Udhampure, Jammu, Kishtawar, Reasi, Rajouri, Anantnag, Kulgam and Srinagar. • It is used as mother tongue by more than two lakhs people around the country. • Beyond all above it is used in other districts of the territory and also by other language speakers as well. • Khah language speakers have migrated to different cities of the country like Srinagar, Anantnag Kashmir, Jammu, Udhampure, Mumbai, Delhi. • Culturally Khah language speakers are very rich and unique. They possess very rich culture heritage and mores. Objectives of the Study • To find out the historical background of the Khah language. • To explore the length and breadth of the Khah language speakers. • To examine the multilingual and expansion of the language users. Etymological Study of Khah • The original word is Khas which means Raja or Kshatriya or Yoddha. The word is derived from the Sanskrit word Khasas or Khas which means Rajas or people or warriors. • According to the local people and their ancient sources Khah means Raja or the people who are Rajputs and whose language is Khasha modern Khah. Historical Perspectives and an Overview on Khah Language and Literature – Sometime in the 3rd millennium BC, peoples known as the Aryans began migrating from Central Asia into India, and eventually spread across all of North India from Pakistan to Bengal. One Aryan group called the Khashas settled in the mountain region between Kashmir and Nepal. The Khashas spoke an Old Indo-Aryan language related to Sanskrit. (Britbill & Turner ,7) • Grame Bialy, two folk tales 1908. • Grierson in Survey of Indian Languages 1919. • Linguistic Survey of Kashmiri Dialects. • Dhar, Nazir Ahmed, A Note on Khah Morphology. • Masroor Ghalam Abass, Pholwan Goash 2008 • Pholhaar by Naik Mohd Hussain. • Naik Mohd Iqbal, Pogali Zubaan ka Sutiyati Nizaan in Urdu. • Aseri Ismail, Tareek Pogal Paristan in Urdu. • Sohil Mohd Muzamil, Khah as original Name, Khah as Rural Dialect and English Metalinguistical Issues, published in 2016 , 2017 and 2020. • Prof. Shad in Mollon Nakoon written in Kashmiri published 2013. • Banihal (The Gate way of Kashmir) by Manshoor Banihali written in Urdu language. • Khah Rasmul Khat and othere articles by Rahi Shakeel. • Poets : Farooq Nadim, Bulbul Khari , Bulbul Neel, Shabaz Hamraz, Bali Neelvi, Sharief Malik, Sehrai, Mushtaq Neelvi, • Singers: Ameen Banihali, Abdul Majeed, Mushtaq, Hamraz Shabaz , Rehmatullah, Demograpgy of Khah Users – The most frequent language spoken by the people of this area is Khah which is the mother tongue of the people of tehsil Banihal, tehsil Khari and tehsil Ukerhal. (Sohil, 375) • Khah is mainly spoken in seven districts of the territory which are connected with the different geographical regions of the country. • It is used as mother tongue by the people reside in districts, Ramban, Doda, Kistawar, Rajouri, Reasi, Udhampure, Jammu, Anantnag and Srinagar. These speakers are migrant speakers. • Khah speakers are spread over the country Like Mumbai, Delhi, J&K and presently in various countries for different purposes. Khah as name of the Village and name of the Caste • Khah is a Village in Tehsil Budhal Rajouri. This village is the historical village of the Khasas or Khasha King or a tribe. Khah village is located in district Rajouri Khah is a large village in tehsil Budhal district Rajouri in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir. • An essay written in Urdu by Amer Mohammad Shamsi in a local news paper named Kashmiruzma the title of the essay is Rajouri Ka Shahameri Khandaan: Tarik Ke Awraak Ma Keya Keya Rakan Keyai (The Family of Shameri: What has Established on the Pages of History) published in 10 April 2019. In this easy Shamsi has mentioned that the King ruled over Kashmir and he also mentioned that Khasha tribe had ruled over Kashmir over 214 years. • Caste Khah is found in both the communities Hindu and Muslim. Khah and Khasha castes are also found in the state of Punjab in Indian and in Pakistan. • Khah is written as caste in tehsil Khari district Ramban jammu and Kashmir. There is a village whose people belong to Khah caste Dialects of Khah Language • Khah language has more than three dialects Original Khah, Zundhari, Neeravi,. • We have Dogri inflectional and derivational verity, Urdu inflectional and derivational verity, Kashmiri inflectional and derivational verity, Serazi inflectional and derivational verity. Phatic Communion, Diglots verse Polyglots – People residing in these areas have different cultures and languages, they speak more than one language for example Kashmiri speaker can talk also in Urdu, Bhaderwahi, Kistawari, Khah, Seeraji, Dogri or can speak Gujjari or Pheri dialect spoken in the area. (Sohil, M M. English Metalinguistical ,375) • U r d u i s u s e d t h e m a i n l a n g u a g e o f communication. • Diglots verse Polyglots Khah language users are above all. Mother Tongues of the Khasha Tribe • Mainly Khah is the mother tongue of the Khasha tribe across the Chenab Valley. • Punjabi, Urdu, and Kashmiri is also mother tongue of the Khasha tribe. • It seems that the Khasha tribe is multilingual and multicultural. • The intellectuality of the tribe is that they can use multiply languages within the same society. It is richness and uniqueness of the culture of the tribe. Methodology • This Case Study on Khah Language includes Primary Data, historical books, research papers, articles, and fields visit. Conclusion • We can say that this language is an ancient language of the kings and warriors who lived and ruled over Himalayan range of mountains and Peer Panchyal area in ancient times mentioned in various analyzed data and resources. • This is understood that Khah language is unexplored and still it requires lot of research and exploration in order to analyze the ancient historical data and other language resources. .