The Nurse Practitioner in Urology Michelle Lajiness Susanne Quallich Editors 123 The Nurse Practitioner in Urology Michelle Lajiness • Susanne Quallich Editors The Nurse Practitioner in Urology Editors Michelle Lajiness Susanne Quallich Department of Urology and Department of Urology Department of Infectious Disease University of Michigan Beaumont Health System Rochester , MI Royal Oak , MI USA USA ISBN 978-3-319-28741-6 ISBN 978-3-319-28743-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-28743-0 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016936387 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 This work is subject to copyright. 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Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland Foreword I accepted the invitation to write this prolusion with honor and alacrity because I want to be part of a book whose goal is to improve health care in America and the world over. I believe this book will do just that by arming the nurse practitio- ners and other health-care providers with an easy to read current knowledge and solutions for their day-to-day delivery of health care. After reviewing the content of this book, “The Nurse Practitioner in Urology,” I was amazed by the numerous contributions and major advances made by the nurse practitioners in urology over the years, both in the fi eld of general and subspecialty urology. It became obvious that the knowledge must be disseminated through a book that is both concise and practical. This book delivers on that premise, edited by two highly qualifi ed and experienced senior leaders in urologic nursing: Ms. Lajiness and Quallich, who assembled the collected knowledge into this book. Further, these tandem assembled a cadre of contributors that are considered leaders in their own fi eld. I envision this book very appropriate for students, newcomers, and estab- lished practitioners and general practitioners wishing to branch into a subspecialty. This book is very timely as the fi eld of urologic nurse practitioner is growing and maturing, yet there are not enough handy resources they can go to if they wish to improve their knowledge or to review a urologic topic of interest. This book will serve as a handy resource for budding nurse practitioners; as a reference for current practitioners, students, and practitioners who wish to improve their competencies and skills; and a guideline for those interested or already practicing a subspecialty. The book is loaded with basic information as well as tips and pearls for practitioners. The urologic nurse practitioner has been established as a part of the urologic health-care professional team, well ahead of many other medical specialties. The demand for their service is more evident now than ever before because of increas- ing demand for health-care services. The demand is exacerbated by many reasons including population growth, increased longevity and aging population, the demand for improved quality and safety outcomes mandated by the government, and third- party carriers and shortage of physicians, to mention a few. The urologic nurse practitioners that have always been part of the team are now assuming more responsibilities in urologic practice. This partnership has been shown to improve patient accessibility, practice effi ciency, and patient satisfaction. However such v vi Foreword increased role calls for the urologic nurse practitioner to keep an up-to-date knowledge to ensure excellence in the practice of urology. This book will certainly serve that need. Ananias C. Diokno , MD Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester , MI , USA Beaumont Health System (now Beaumont Health) Royal Oak , MI , USA Pref ace Nurse practitioners have their background in primary care, which offers the oppor- tunity for imaginative solutions for the day-to-day management needs of patients. Nurse practitioners in urology are able to offer these imaginative solutions within the context of a surgical specialty that blends medical management needs with sur- gical management needs. It offers the opportunity for NPs to blend the patient- centered problem-solving skills we develop as nurses with the specifi c needs of a variety of GU patients. In short, urology offers countless opportunities for the nurse practitioner to blend nursing, medical, and surgical care to meet the needs of their patient population. NPs are a dynamic, adaptive, and vital addition to the care man- agement team of GU patients and can serve to improve access, manage chronic GU conditions, and increase patient satisfaction. This is becoming more important as the well-documented shortage of urologists continues, coupled with the continued aging of the US population who will need increased urologic care services. There is a lack of literature that describes the role of the NP in specialty environ- ments, and urology is no different in this regard. There have been few publications that address a role for a nurse practitioner specifi cally within urology. However, for those of us currently working with urology patients, it is clear that NPs are not only moving into the care of GU patients but excelling in the management of these patients, particularly those diagnoses that need chronic management and are less amenable to surgical solutions. We have a combined 30 years of experience as nurse practitioners working in urology, and we hope that this book will give the reader insight into the rapidly expanding potential for the NP role within outpatient and ambulatory care urology. Nurse practitioners working in urology are not confi ned to general urology roles, although there are many NPs who manage general urology patients. Many NPs go on to specialize in urologic oncology, sexual dysfunction, incontinence, or stone disease. This book is meant to present the perspective of the nurse practitioner on managing urology patients. It is not a compendium of specifi c, detailed treatments for patients with a specifi c urologic issue – these details can be found in a variety of medical textbooks. This book is meant to be a signpost of sorts, to give the reader direction about these individual GU topics and provide other resources that will help further refi ne both knowledge and skills from an advanced practice perspective. It is a collection of tips and tricks for patient management from this unique NP perspective and to vii viii Preface offer additional resources for each topic that has that is addressed. This book high- lights the pathophysiology, assessment, and diagnostics specifi c to these GU condi- tions and promotes advanced critical thinking. It avoids recommending specifi c medications, but may address classes of medications as appropriate. Nurse practi- tioners, above all, avoid reinventing the wheel, and so we have recommended resources that we and our colleagues have found especially relevant and helpful in the Appendix. Lastly, Chap. 21 is a reprint of a Urologic Nursing article that presents compe- tencies for the NP working with adult urology patients. It is included here as a resource for the NP who is seeking to move into a urology environment, or for the nurse practitioner who wishes to progress in his/her current role toward the manage- ment of more complex urologic patients. It is our hope that this book will serve as an introduction to the potential that nurse practitioners have to provide high-quality, cost-effective care for adult urol- ogy patients. Royal Oak , MI , USA Shelly Lajiness , MSN, FNP-BC Rochester , MI , USA Susanne A. Quallich , MSN, ANP-BC, NP-C, CUNP, FAANP Contents 1 Transitioning Pediatric Urology Patients (and Their Families) to Adult Urology Care . 1 MiChelle McGarry 2 Men’s Urology: Vasectomy, Orchialgia, Testosterone Deficiency, Male Fertility, Peyronie’s Disease and Penile Inflammation . 13 Susanne A. Quallich 3 Evaluation and Management of Common Scrotal Conditions . 35 Katherine Marchese 4 Erectile Dysfunction: Identification, Assessment, Treatment, and Follow-Up . 83 Penny Kaye Jensen and Jeffrey A. Albaugh 5 Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia . 117 Gail M. Briolat 6 Hematuria . 127 Michelle J. Lajiness and Susanne A. Quallich 7 Prostatitis and Chronic Male Pelvic Pain . 135 Kaye K. Gaines 8 Kidney Stones . 149 Suzanne T. Parsell 9 Idiopathic and Traumatic Male Urethral Strictures . 159 Silvia S. Maxwell and Richard A. Santucci 10 Diagnosis and Management of Urinary Tract Infections and Pyelonephritis . 169 Laura J. Hintz 11 Urodynamics . 191 Christine D. Koops ix x Contents 12 Neurogenic Bladder/Underactive Bladder . 217 Michelle J. Lajiness 13 Stress Incontinence . 237 Natalie Gaines , John E. Lavin , and Jason P. Gilleran 14 Overactive Bladder . 251 Leslie Saltzstein Wooldridge 15 Problems in Female Urology: Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome, Pelvic Floor Disorders, and Pelvic Organ Prolapse . 269 Lindsey Cox 16 Diagnosis and Management of Localized Prostate Cancer . 295 Pamela M. Jones and Jason Hafron 17 Urothelial Carcinoma: Cancer of the Bladder, Ureters, and Urethra .