Agr. Nat. Resour. 54 (2020) 499–506 AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES Journal homepage: http://anres.kasetsart.org Research article Checklist of the Tribe Spilomelini (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Pyraustinae) in Thailand Sunadda Chaovalita,†, Nantasak Pinkaewb,†,* a Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand b Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaengsaen, Kasetsart University, Kamphaengsaen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand Article Info Abstract Article history: In total, 100 species in 40 genera of the tribe Spilomelini were confirmed to occur in Thailand Received 5 July 2019 based on the specimens preserved in Thailand and Japan. Of these, 47 species were new records Revised 25 July 2019 Accepted 15 August 2019 for Thailand. Conogethes tenuialata Chaovalit and Yoshiyasu, 2019 was the latest new recorded Available online 30 October 2020 species from Thailand. This information will contribute to an ongoing program to develop a pest database and subsequently to a facilitate pest management scheme in Thailand. Keywords: Crambidae, Pyraustinae, Spilomelini, Thailand, pest Introduction The tribe Spilomelini is one of the major pests in tropical and subtropical regions. Moths in this tribe have been considered as The tribe Spilomelini Guenée (1854) is one of the largest tribes and the major pests of economic crops such as rice, sugarcane, bean belongs to the subfamily Pyraustinae, family Crambidae; it consists of pods and corn (Khan et al., 1988; Hill, 2007), durian (Kuroko 55 genera and 5,929 species worldwide with approximately 86 genera and Lewvanich, 1993), citrus, peach and macadamia, (Common, and 220 species of Spilomelini being reported in North America 1990), mulberry (Sharifi et. al., 2013), ginger (El-Sayed et al., (Hodges et al., 1983). Yamanaka and Yoshiyasu (1992) reported 87 2013) and cabbage, broccoli, mustard, eggplant, radish and all genera and 217 species in Taiwan, while 125 genera and 360 species Brassicaceae (Aria et al., 1982; Mewis et al., 2003). The larval stage have been reported in Australia (Shaffer et al., 1996) and 91 genera of some Spilomelini genera (Chanapochocis, Conogethes, Diaphania, and 241 species have been recorded in Japan (Yoshiyasu, 2013). Glyphodes, Herpetogramma, Maruca, Leucinodes, Omiodes) are The Spilomelini moths are characterized by adults that are important pests of certain tropical crops in the families Poaceae, small to medium in size (wingspan 12–20 mm). The head is usually Fabaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Solanaceae, Bombacaceae, Sapindaceae, smooth-scaled, but sometimes has an anterior tuft of scales. Ocelli are Sapindaceae and Apocynaceae (Munroe, 1976;1995; Robinson et al., usually present. Chaetosemata are absent. Labial palpus are upturned 1994; Lewvanich, 2001; Yoshiyasu, 2013). The larvae are leaf feeders, or porrect. Abdominal hearing organs, tympanal organ, are distinct. leaf rollers, leaf miners, stem borers and sometimes a combination Praecinctorium is well developed. The wing venation with CuP is of these that can cause high crop yield losses (Solis, 1996; Mewis absent and 1A + 2A has a large basal fork in the forewing. et al., 2001). The aim of this study was to document the species of Thai Spilomelini based on the morphological characters of the adult. This † Equal contribution. study will hopefully contribute to pest management and an ongoing * Corresponding author. program to develop a pest database in Thailand. E-mail address: [email protected] (N. Pinkaew) online 2452-316X print 2468-1458/Copyright © 2020. This is an open access article, production and hosting by Kasetsart University of Research and Development institute on behalf of Kasetsart University. https://doi.org/10.34044/j.anres.2020.54.5.06 500 S. Chaovalit, N. Pinkaew et al. / Agr. Nat. Resour. 54 (2020) 499–506 Materials and Methods Australia, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Japan, Sri Lanka, Taiwan and Thailand. Larval host plant: Unknown. The materials used in this study were based on the preserved 5. Agrioglypta itysalis (Walker, 1859)* (Fig. 5) Material specimens in the Entomology and Zoology Group, Plant Protection examined: Thailand: 2♂1♀(DOA), Loei, 19 VIII 1987, SM, TS, YA, Research and Development Office, Department of Agriculture, YY. Distribution: India, Indonesia and Thailand. Larval host plant: Bangkok, Thailand (DOA), the Entomological Laboratory, Osaka Unknown. Prefecture University (OPU), Japan and the National Museum of 6. Agrotera basinotata Hampson, 1891 (Fig. 6) Material examined: Natural History of Japan (NMJ) Tokyo, Japan. The abbreviations Thailand: 1♂2♀(DOA), Lopburi, 27 VIII 2000. S. Suwongsaksri. used for collectors of main materials in OPU based on a collection of Distribution: Australia, Hong Kong, Japan and Thailand. Larval host expeditions to Thailand in 1981, 1983, 1985 and 1987 are: SM = S. plant: Lagerstroemia loudonii, L. undulata. Moriuti; TS = T. Saito; YA = Y. Arita; YY = Y. Yoshiyasu; HK = H. 7. Agrotera leucostola Hampson, 1896* (Fig. 7) Material Kuroko. The adults were killed using the ammonia. All specimens examined: Thailand: 1♂3♀(DOA), Bangkok, 12 XI 1991, H. were set on spreading boards and dried in an oven at 50°C for at least Kuroko. Distribution: Indian, Taiwan and Thailand. Larval host plant: 2wk. They were photographed using a Canon DS126311 with a Macro Lagerstroemia floribunda, Mussaenda sanderiana, Syzygium jambos. Lens EF – S 60 mm. The genitalia dissection was prepared and made 8. Antigastra catalaunalis (Duponchel, 1833) (Fig. 8) Material following Robinson (1976), Maes (1985) and Common (1990). examined: Thailand: 3♂3♀(DOA) Chiang Mai, 2 VIII 1972, B. Identification to the species level was based on comparisons with Sirichan. Distribution: Southern widespread in tropical, subtropical published descriptions, illustrations and type specimens. Type specimens regions and Thailand. Larval host plant: Sesamum indicum, Tecoma were examined in consultation with the Crambidae specialist, alata, T. capensis. Professor Yutaka Yoshiyasu (University of Osaka Perfecture, Japan). 9. Arthroschista hilaralis (Walker, 1859)* (Fig. 9) Material examined: Thailand: 1♂(DOA), Chaiyaphum, 14 IV 1987, A. Lewvanich; Results 2♀(DOA), Saraburi, 17 IX 1983, K. Thanchabosin. Distribution: Australia, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka and In total, 100 species representing 40 genera in the tribe Thailand. Larval host plant: Neolamarckia cadamba. Spilomelini were confirmed to occur in Thailand:Aetholix , Agathodes, 10. Arthroschista tricoloralis (Pagenstecher, 1888) (Fig. 10) Agrioglypta, Agrotera, Antigastra, Arthroschista, Bocchoris, Botyodes, Material examined: Thailand: Nakhon Nayok, 1♂1♀(DOA), 7 VIII Cnaphalocrocis, Conogethes, Cotachena, Cydalima, Diaphania, 1987, SM, TS, YA, YY. Distribution: Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Euclasta, Eurrhyparodes, Filodes, Glyphodes, Haritalodes, the Philippines and Thailand. Larval host plant: Unknown. Herpetogramma, Heterocnephes, Lamprophaia, Leucinodes, Maruca, 11. Bocchoris artificalis (Lederer, 1863) (Fig. 11) Material Meroctena, Nausinoe, Nevrina, Omiodes, Omphisa, Pagyda, Palpita, examined: Thailand: 1♂1♀(DOA), Bangkok, 4 IV 1934, A. Parotis, Pleuroptya, Prooedema, Prorodes, Pygospila, Sameodes, Manyeegul. Distribution: Australia and Thailand. Larval host plant: Sisyrophora, Syllepte, Synclera and Terastia. The following are the Parthenocissus quinquefolia. species of the tribe Spilomelini in Thailand, where the symbols ♂ and 12. Botyodes Asialis Guenée, 1854 (Fig. 12) Material examined: ♀ represent male and female, respectively: Thailand: 1♂1♀(DOA), Bangkok, 13 IX 1919, E. J. Godfrey. 1. Aetholix flavibasalis (Guenée, 1854)* (Fig. 1) Material Distribution: Australia, Cameroon, DR Congo, Fiji, France, Hong examined: Thailand: 1♂(DOA), Chanthaburi, 23 VII 2002, S. Kong, India, Madagascar, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Suwongsaksri; 1♂(DOA), Chanthaburi, 27 XII 1999, K. Poochan. Rwanda, Samoa, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Zimbabwe and Thailand. Distribution: Brunei, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Larval host plant: Casearia kerrii, C. grewiifolia, Erythrina variegate. the Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka and Thailand. Larval host plant: 13. Botyodes principalis Leech, 1889 (Fig. 13) Material examined: Garcinia mangostana. Thailand: 1♂2♀(DOA), Chiang Mai, 16 IX 1987, SM, TS, YA, YY. 2. Agathodes ostentalis (Geyer, 1837) (Fig. 2) Material examined: Distribution: China, India, Japan, Russia, Taiwan and Thailand. Larval Thailand: 1♂(DOA), Chaiyaphum, 31 I 2013, A. Lewvanich. host plant: Unknown. 1♀(DOA), Ratchaburi, 12 VI 2012, S. Chaovalit. Distribution: Australia, 14. Cnaphalocrocis exigua (Butler, 1879) (Fig. 14) Material China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Taiwan and Thailand. examined: Thailand: 1♀(DOA), Chiang Mai, 2 II 2015, A. Rakkasikorn. Larval host plant: Erythrina variegate, Rauwenhoffia siamensis. Distribution: China, Fiji, Japan and Thailand. Larval host plant: 3. Agathodes caliginosalis Snellen, 1895* (Fig. 3) Material Cynodon dactylon, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Echinochloa colona, examined: Thailand: 1♀(DOA), Chaiyaphum, 31 I 2013, S. E. crus – galli, Imperata cylindrica, Leersia hexandra, Leptochloa Chaovalit; 9♀1♂(OPU), Chiang Mai,18 VIII 1981, HK, SM, YA, chinensis, Oryza sativa, Panicum repens, Paspalum conjugatum, P. YY. Distribution: Brunei, Indonesia, the Philippines, Singapore and distichum, Sorghum bicolor, Urochloa mutica and Zea mays. Thailand. Larval host plant: Erythrina variegate. 15. Cnaphalocrocis