INDEX absolute zero temperature ST2-2 spectrum) acetic acid XIII-2,3,6,7 atomic radius II-1,3; XII-9,10 acetylene IV-6 atomic structure II-1 acid-base indicators XIII-11 atomic weight VII-1–5 acid rain XIII-11 Avogadro number VII-3–9; IX-1 acidic solutions XIII-1–4 barium XII-7,13 acids VI-6–9; XIII-3–8; 10,11 barium carbonate VI-5 actinides XII-19 barium chloride IV-9;VI-1–2; X-1 activation energy ST3-3 barium nitrate IV-9 actual yield IX-4,5 barium sulfate IV-8 allotrope I-5 barium sulfide III-5 aluminium I-2; II-7,9; VII-3; base XIII-4,5; 9 XII-11,12 basic solutions XIII-9,10 aluminium nitrite IV-8 beryllium II-5,7; VII-2!4; XII-13,14 aluminium oxide III-2,3; XII-14 big bang theory XII-1 americium XII-3 binary compounds III-5; IV-6,7 amide ion IV-8 binding energy XII-1 amino acids XIII-2 biological systems pH XIII-10 ammonia IV-3; IX-3; XII-16; ST2-6 bismuth XII-2,16,17 ammonium chloride IV-8 bismuth ion III-4; XII-17 ammonium cyanide IV-8 Bohr model II-4 ammonium ion IV-7; VI-5; XII-16 boiling ST1-2 ammonium phosphate VI-2 boiling point and pressure ST1-4 ammonium sulfate IX-3 bonding electrons IV-3,4 amount VII-1; VIII-4 boron II-5,7; VII-2,3; XII-14 angular molecule V-3 boron trifluoride IV-6 anion II-8; III-1 Boyle’s law ST2-1 anion charge III-4 bromide ion II-7 antimony XII-16,17 bromine I-4; II-7; V-4; XI-2; antimony ion XII-17 XII-7,17,18 aquated ions VI-2 bronze XII-2 argon I-4; II-6–8; V-4; VII-3,4; butane IX-2 XII-3,18 cadmium XII-18 arsenic XII-2,16,17 cadmium ions III-4 arsenic(V) bromide IV-7 calcium I-3; II-7,9; III-2; IX-4; arsenic ion XII-17 XII-7,13,14 atmospheric pressure ST2-1 calcium carbonate XII-14 atom I-1; II-1 calcium chloride III-2; VI-7 atomic mass VII-1–5 calcium fluoride III-5 atomic number II-1; XII-8 calcium hydroxide XII-14 atomic spectrum (see emission calcium nitride IX-4,5 calcium oxide VI-7 copper(II) chloride III-5; VI-4 calcium phosphate IV-8; XII-14 copper(II) hydroxide VI-7,8 carbohydrate V-6 copper ions III-4; IV-2 calorimeter ST3-1 copper(II) nitrate VI-4,8 carbohydrates ST3-5 copper(II) oxide XI-1 carbon II-2,5,7; VII-2,3; XII-15 copper(II) sulfate XII-18 carbon-12 isotope VII-3 core charge - see effective nuclear carbonate ion IV-8 charge carbonates VI-8,9 condensation ST1-3 carbon dioxide I-2,4; IV-4; V-3,6; conjugate acid XIII-5 VII-5,6; XI-1; XII-2,15; ST1-5 conjugate base XIII-5 carbon dioxide gas VI-8,9 conversion between states ST1-2 catalysts ST3-3 covalent bonding III-1; IV-1 cation II-8,9; III-1 covalent compounds naming IV-6 cation charge III-2-4 crystal lattice I-2 cellulose ST3-5 cyanide ion IV-8 cesium II-8; XII-3,12 d-block XII-9,18,19 charcoal I-5; XI-1 denaturation XIII-2 Charles’s law ST2-2 density ST1-6 chemical bond I-1; II-6; III-1 density of water ST1-6; XIII-2 chemical change I-3 deposition ST1-5 chemical mole VII-4–10 deuterium II-2 chemical properties I-2 diamond I-5; V-4; XII-15 chemical reactions V-5 diatomic I-4 chemical symbols I-3 dichromate ion IV-8 chloride ion II-8; III-1–3; VI-1; dilute XIII-6 XII-10,15 dinitrogen oxide IV-6 chlorine I-4; II-7,8; III-1,2; V-4; diprotic acid XIII-5 VII-3; XI-2; XII-2,7,17,18 dissolution of compounds VI-1,2 chromate ion IV-8 distillation I-3 chromium XII-2,18 Dobereiner’s triads XII-7 chromium ion III-4 double bond IV-4 cobalt XII-2,18 DNA XIII-3 cobalt ion III-3 dry ice ST1-5 cobalt(II) chloride IX-5 dynamic equilibrium XIII-3,6 cobalt(II) sulfate IX-5 effective nuclear charge II-5; coinage metals VI-6; XII-7 XII-9,11,12 compound I-1,2; VIII-1!3 electrolysis I-2, XII-3,13 concentrated XIII-6 electromagnetic radiation II-3 concentration X-1–3 electron II-1,3 conjugate acid XIII-1,2 electron orbit II-3-7 conjugate base XIII-1,2 electronegative VI-1 copper VII-4; XI-1; XII-2,18 electrons in redox XI-1,2 copper carbonate XII-2 element I-1,2; V-4 elements isolation of XII-2 gold ion III-4 elements isolation chronology XII-4 gram atomic weight VII-4 elements origin of XII-1 gram formula weight VII-6–8; IX-1; emission spectrum II-3,5,6 X-1–3 also see molar mass empirical formula V-1,2; VIII-2–4 gram molecular weight VII-5,6 endothermic reaction ST3-1 graphite I-5; XII-15 energy content of fuels ST3-3 greenhouse gas XII-15 energy level II-3,4 ground state II-3,4 energy shell II-3 groups XII-9 energy units ST3-2 half-equation XI-1 enthalpy ST3-1 halogens II-8 enzymes XIII-2 helium I-4; II-4,5,7; V-4; VII-2–4; equation factor IX-2; X-3,4 XII-1,3,18 equations V-5,6 Henry’s law ST2-7 equilibrium XIII-2 holmium XII-3 ethane V-2 hydride ion III-6 ethylene IV-5; V-1 hydrocarbons IV-5 evaporation ST1-4 hydrochloric acid VI-6–7; X-3; XI-1; excited state II-3,5,6 XIII-5 exponential functions See Appendix 2 hydrogen I-2,4; II-2,4-7; V-3,4; exothermic reactions ST3-1 VII-1–7,9; XI-1; XII-1,2,8,19 f-block XII-9,12,19 hydrogen bonding XIII-1,2 filtrate VI-5 hydrogencarbonate ion IV-8 filtration VI-4 hydrogen chloride VI-6; XI-1; fluoride ion II-8; XII-18 XII-15; ST2-6 fluorine I-4; II-5,7,8; V-4; VII-3; hydrogen gas VI-6,7 XII-17,18 hydrogen ion VI-5–9; XI-2; XIII-3 formula equation V-6; VI-7,8; IX-1,2; hydrogen molecule IV-1; V-4 X-3 hydrogen peroxide V-2; XII-17 formulas V-1; V-4 hydrogen selenide XIII-2 formulas: ionic compounds III-1–3; hydrogen sulfide XII-17; XIII-2 V-2 hydrogen telluride XIII-2 francium XII-12 hydronium ion VI-6 freezing ST1-3 hydroxide ion IV-8 fullerenes XII-15 hydroxides VI-7,8 gallium XII-8,14 hypochlorite ion IV-7 gaseous state ST1-1 ice XIII-2 gases ST1-1, ST2-1 ideal gas equation ST2-7,8 gases solubility in liquids ST2-5,6 indicators XIII-11 gases solubility table ST2-6 indium XII-14 germanium XII-8,15 inert gases II-5; XII-15 glucose V-6; VIII-1, ST3-5 iodide ion II-8; XII-17 gold XII-2,13 iodine I-4; II-8; V-4; XII-17 gold(III) chloride III-5 ion II-7; III-1,2 ion-electron half equation XI-1–3,5 lithium fluoride VII-9 ionic bonding III-1,2; VI-1; lithium oxide III-2 XII-12,13 litmus XIII-11 ionic compounds naming III-5 lone pair IV-3,4 ionic compounds - formulas III-1–3; macromolecules XIII-2 V-2 magnesium II-7,9; VI-7; VII-3,6; ionic compounds solubility table XI-1; XII-13,14 VI-10 magnesium carbonate VI-8 ionic equation VI-1–9 magnesium chloride VI-7; X-2; XI-1 ionic radius XII-10 magnesium nitride III-5 ionisation of water XIII-3,4 magnesium oxide XII-14 iron IX-4; XI-2; XII-2,18,19 magnesium sulfate VI-8 iron ions III-4; IV-2; XI-3; XII-19 manganese XII-2,18 iron(III) oxide III-5 manganese chloride XII-18 iron(II) phosphate IV-8; VI-5 manganese ion III-4 iron(II) sulfate VI-5 mass balance V-6 iron(II) sulfide VIII-2,3 mass number II-2 isoelectronic II-9; III-1 matter I-1 isotope II-2; VII-2 melting ST1-3 isotopic abundance ratio VII-3 Mendeleef XII-7,8 Joules ST3-2 mercury(I) ion IV-9 Kelvin temperature scale ST2-2 mercury XII-2,18 kinetic molecular theory ST-1,2,4,5 mercury(II) ion III-4 krypton I-4; II-5; V-4; XII-3,18 mercury(II) oxide XI-2 lanthanides XII-19 metal I-1; III-1; XII-7 latent heat ST1-2 metal carbonates VI-9 latent heat of fusion ST1-3 metal hydroxides VI -8,9 latent heat of vaporisation ST1-3 metal oxides VI-7,8 latent heat and weather ST1-5 metallic bonding V-4; X11-12,13,20 lead XII-2,15,16 metalloids XII-13,17 lead ion III-4 metals - in periodic table XII-16,17 lead(II) nitrate VI-5 methane IV-2,3; V-3 lead(IV) oxide XII-16 methyl orange XIII-11 lead(II) sulfate VI-5 minerals XII-2 Lewis structure IV-3 mixture I-1,3; VI-4 limestone XII-14 mol VII-9 limiting reagent IX-4 Moseley XII-8 linear molecule V-3 molar mass VII-5–8 liquefaction of gases ST1-3 molar volume ST1-5 liquids ST1-2 molar volume - gases ST1-6; ST2-8 liquid air XII-3 molar volumes - liquids ST1-5 liquid state ST1-1 molar volume - solids ST1-5 lithium II-4,5,7; VII-2–4; XII-12,13 molarity X-1–5 lithium ion II-8 mole VII-4–10; IX-1–5; X-1–5 molecular equations V-5 oxides acidic XII-9 molecular formula V-1,2; VIII-4 oxides basic XII-9 molecular formulas VIII-3,4 oxidizing agent XI-2; XII-17 molecular shape V-3 oxonium ion VI-6 molecular volume V-3 oxygen I-1,4,5; II-5,7,9; IV-2,5; V-4; molecular weight VII-5,6 VII-3,5!7; XI-1,2; XII-2,17; ST2-5,6 molecule I-1,4 ozone I-5; XII-17 moles of elements VII-7 partial pressure ST2-5 molybdenum XII-2 Pascal ST2-4 monatomic I-4; V-4 percentage composition VIII-1,2 neon I-4; II-5–8; V-4; VII-3; percentage yield IX-4,5 XII-3,15 period XII-8,9 network covalent bonding V-4 periodic law XII-8 neutron II-1 periodic table XI 6; XII-7,8 Newlands’ octaves XII-7 periodic table - metals in XII-19,20 nickel XII-2,18 permanganate ion IV-8; XII-18 nickel ion III-4 peroxide ion IV-8; XII-17 nitrate ion IV-8; XII-16 pH of oceans XIII-11 nitric acid VI-6–8; XIII-1!5 pH scale XIII-8 nitric oxide IV-6 phenolphthalein XIII-11 nitride ion II-9; III-2; XII-17 phosphate ion IV-8; XII-16 nitrite ion IV-8; XII-16 phosphoric acid XIII-2 nitrogen I-4; II-5,7; IV-5, V-4; VII-3; phosphorus II-7; VII-3; XII-16 XII-2,16 phosphorus(V) chloride IV-7 nitrogen fixation XII-14 phosphorus(V) oxide IV-6,7 nitrous oxide IV-6 phosphorus trifluoride IV-6,7 noble gases I-4; II-5; V-4; XII-3,18 photosynthesis ST3-5 non-bonding electrons IV-3,4 physical change I-3 non-metal I-1; III-1; XII-7,9,20 physical properties I-2 non-volatile VI-3 platinum XII-2,18 nuclear decay II-2 platinum ion III-4 nuclear force II-2 plutonium XII-3,19 nucleus II-1, 2 polar bond VI-2 nuclide II-2 polar molecule VI-2 organic chemistry IV-7; Appendix 1 polonium XII-3 oxidant XI-2; XII-17 polyatomic anions IV-8 oxidants & periodic table XI-6 polyatomic ions IV-7 oxidation XI-1–5; XII-17,18 polysaccharides ST3-5 oxidation half-reaction XI-2