B R O C H U R E within the Project “Forming of Network for Enhancing Environmental Protection from Pollutants of Mining Cross-border Areas” Cooperation beyond borders. Interreg-IPA Cross-border Cooperation Romania-Serbia Programme is financed by the European Union under the Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance (IPA II) and co-financed by the partner states in the Programme. država učesnica programa. Interreg-IPA Cross-border Cooperation Romania-Serbia Programme Project Title: Forming of Network for Enhancing Environmental Protection from Pollutants of Mining Cross-border Areas Project Acronym: NETMIN eMS Code: RORS-308 Lead Partner: Politehnica University Timisoara Partner: Mining and Metallurgy Institute Bor Total Project Budget: 301.480,20 EUR EU Funding: 256.258,16 EUR Implementation Period: 13.06.2019-11.12.2020 Budget for MMI Bor, Serbia: 148.615,00 EUR Cooperation beyond borders. Interreg-IPA Cross-border Cooperation Romania-Serbia Programme is financed by the European Union under the Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance (IPA II) and co-financed by the partner states in the Programme. država učesnica programa. Sources and causes of land pollution are related to the most developed industrial branches in the Timok region. Mining - physical degradation of terrain, formation the landfills of overburden and flotation tailings, wastewater spillage. Metallurgy – waste gases with high carbondioxide, arsenic and heavy metals. Urban development, expansion of settlements and tourist zones can also be classified as a source of pollution. Land represents one of the most important natural resources. The fertile land is slowly formed, and irapidly disappears in the destruction process. The total area of the city of Bor is 85,348 ha. The largest part of the city area is intended for agriculture (47.6%) and forests (45.0%), followed by the mining activities (1.8%), settlements, watercourses and roads. Cooperation beyond borders. Interreg-IPA Cross-border Cooperation Romania-Serbia Programme is financed by the European Union under the Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance (IPA II) and co-financed by the partner states in the Programme. država učesnica programa. Graphic presentation of heavy metals content in the agricultural land in the villages of the Bor region Concentration of potentially harmful and dangerous substances in the analyzed soil in the Majdanpek area Elements Content Limit value Remediation (mg/kg) mg/kg value mg/kg As 57,6 29 55 Pb 33,20 85 530 Cd 1,45 0,8 12 Cr 98,41 100 380 Cu 7.542,0 36 190 Ni 76,5 35 210 Hg < 0,1 0,3 10 Mo 2,32 3 120 Cooperation beyond borders. Interreg-IPA Cross-border Cooperation Romania-Serbia Programme is financed by the European Union under the Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance (IPA II) and co-financed by the partner states in the Programme. država učesnica programa. Effects on land as the most important resource Erosion by anthropogenic action Erosion loses and reduces the space of arable land Erosion washes harmful substances into watercourses By the action of erosion, the surface, fertile soil is washed away Relief change Affects crop quality Influence of heavy metals in soil on agricultural crops Cooperation beyond borders. Interreg-IPA Cross-border Cooperation Romania-Serbia Programme is financed by the European Union under the Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance (IPA II) and co-financed by the partner states in the Programme. država učesnica programa. The term phytoremediation is used for a process based on the ability of green plants to secrete and concentrate certain elements in the ecosystem. Simply put, it is a process of cleaning the soil. Plants used for phytoremediation must have the ability to release toxins from the environment, adaptation to local climatic conditions, depth to which it penetrates, growth rate, ease of planting and maintaining the ability to absorb large amounts of water. The two most important characteristics that a plant must possess for phytoremediation are the possibility of rapid formation of large biomass and the possibility of assimilation of metals in shoots in large quantities. Thus, the combination of high metal accumulation and high biomass production gives the best results in removing metals from the soil. Plants must also have other characteristics, such as tolerance to poor soil conditions (pH value, structure, salinity, clay content, organic matter, redox potential ...), creation of a dense root system, high resistance to external conditions. Simply put, the plant must be able to accumulate significant amounts of heavy target metals, easy to handle, have a large root area and have a significant amount of root biomass to adsorb heavy metals. Cooperation beyond borders. Interreg-IPA Cross-border Cooperation Romania-Serbia Programme is financed by the European Union under the Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance (IPA II) and co-financed by the partner states in the Programme. država učesnica programa. Initial - zero state Planting after three months Cooperation beyond borders. Interreg-IPA Cross-border Cooperation Romania-Serbia Programme is financed by the European Union under the Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance (IPA II) and co-financed by the partner states in the Programme. država učesnica programa. Planting after six months Meeting of JSC members in Bor Cooperation beyond borders. Interreg-IPA Cross-border Cooperation Romania-Serbia Programme is financed by the European Union under the Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance (IPA II) and co-financed by the partner states in the Programme. država učesnica programa. Workshop in the village of Slatina near Bor Workshop in the village of Brestovac near Bor Workshop in the village of Brezonik near Bor Cooperation beyond borders. Interreg-IPA Cross-border Cooperation Romania-Serbia Programme is financed by the European Union under the Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance (IPA II) and co-financed by the partner states in the Programme. država učesnica programa. Priority Axis 2: Environmental protection and risk management Project title: Establishment of a Network for Improvement the Environmental Protection from Pollutants in the Cross-border Areas – eMS: RORS-308 Material editor: dr Ana Kostov Publishing date: September 2020 The content of this material does not necessarily represent the official position of the European Union. In case of any complaints, contact: [email protected] www.romania-serbia.net Cooperation beyond borders. Interreg-IPA Cross-border Cooperation Romania-Serbia Programme is financed by the European Union under the Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance (IPA II) and co-financed by the partner states in the Programme. država učesnica programa. .