Journal of Transportation Technologies, 2019, 9, 474-488 https://www.scirp.org/journal/jtts ISSN Online: 2160-0481 ISSN Print: 2160-0473 Research on the Development Strategy of Ningbo Transportation Port & Shipping Industry Ningyu Zhang College of Transport & Communications, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China How to cite this paper: Zhang, N.Y. (2019) Abstract Research on the Development Strategy of Ningbo Transportation Port & Shipping Firstly, the development background of Ningbo Transportation Port & Ship- Industry. Journal of Transportation Tech- ping Industry is analyzed on a spatial scale. Based on that, the strategic goal of nologies, 9, 474-488. Ningbo transportation port Port & Shipping Industry is put forward, and https://doi.org/10.4236/jtts.2019.94030 strategic path analysis of strategic objectives is carried out. Finally, with the Received: September 15, 2019 dynamic resource view, the strategic integration model of Ningbo Port & Accepted: October 7, 2019 Shipping Industry is proposed. Published: October 10, 2019 Keywords Copyright © 2019 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. Transportation, Port & Shipping Development Strategy, This work is licensed under the Creative Dynamic Resource View, Integrated Model Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access 1. Introduction According to the 13th five-year port and shipping development plan of Ningbo city, Ningbo should build a modern hub port with “world-class modern hub port” and “one ring and three centers” as the main line, and build a modern hub port with sufficient infrastructure capacity, perfect multimodal transport system, and reasonable shipping structure and developed port and shipping culture con- struction. However, there are not sufficient researches on the development strategy and strategy of Ningbo transportation port and waterway. Zheng chang- juan [1] analyzed the competitive position of Ningbo port and the development trend of port service industry; Wei youfang [2] proposed the concept of Ningbo port logistics mode development by analyzing the world’s typical port logistics mode; Zhuang peijun et al. [3] put forward the strategic path of supply-side reform of Ningbo transportation system with the strategic focus of “reducing cost, increasing efficiency and improving quality”. However, the above litera- DOI: 10.4236/jtts.2019.94030 Oct. 10, 2019 474 Journal of Transportation Technologies N. Y. Zhang tures are not detailed enough on the development strategy of Ningbo transporta- tion and relevant strategies for the development of port and shipping industry. This paper analyzes the development conditions of Ningbo transportation port and shipping industry from the global scale, regional scale and local scale, and puts forward the corresponding development strategies for the port and ship- ping industry. Meanwhile, by referring to the theory of “dynamic capability” in strategic management, this paper puts forward the strategic integration model of Ningbo port and shipping based on the dynamic resource view, and gives some suggestions for Ningbo transportation strategy development to maintain the core competitive advantage. 2. Analysis on Development Conditions of Ningbo Transportation Port and Waterway (Spatial Scale) 1) Analysis of the development conditions of ports and navigation on a global scale “One Belt and One Road” is the abbreviation of “silk road” economic belt and “21st century maritime silk road” [4]. Ningbo has been an important port on the maritime silk road since ancient times, with a glorious maritime history. As early as the Tang dynasty, the port of Ningbo (Mingzhou) was the prosperous port of the world; During the northern Song dynasty, Mingzhou port had close trade relations with Korea, Japan, southeast Asia and the Arab world; However, Ningbo missed the period of shipping development because of the sea ban policy in the early Ming dynasty; It was not until the Qing dynasty, after the opening of the coastal docks, that Shanghai rose rapidly, and a large amount of capital and talents in Ningbo were able to build in Shanghai. Back to modern times, at the end of 2005, “Ningbo-Zhoushan port” promoted the integration of ports, im- plemented the integration of port resources, and the port developed rapidly with amazing momentum. By the end of 2015, the cargo throughput of Zhoushan port in Ningbo reached 889 million tons in 2015, ranking first in the world port for seven consecutive years. Ningbo-Zhoushan port has established trade routes of ports in more than 100 countries and regions, with a total of 235 routes, ra- diating east Asia and the entire Pacific rim to the east. The glory of Ningbo ma- ritime silk road deserves our expectation. Zhoushan port of Ningbo has the conditions of being the main hub port of international coastal ports along the silk road: Zhoushan port in Ningbo is the largest comprehensive port in the world. The average water depth of natural channel is 30 - 100 meters. Iron ore, oil, coal and other bulk commodities trans- portation and crude oil transportation business is mature; It is also close to the main international shipping routes in the asia-pacific region, radiating to east Asia, asean and the Pacific rim. Based on the analysis of the global scale strategy of Ningbo transportation port development, it is found that Zhoushan port of Ningbo has been built as a major hub port of the coastal ports along the silk road. At the same time, driven by the port economic circle effect, three centers have been developed together, DOI: 10.4236/jtts.2019.94030 475 Journal of Transportation Technologies N. Y. Zhang namely, “manufacturing innovation center, economic and trade cooperation and exchange center, port and shipping logistics service center”. This situation not only meets the needs of the overall national strategy, but also brings a new op- portunity for Ningbo’s outward development. 2) Analysis of the development condition of port and navigation at re- gional scale From the regional scale analysis, Ningbo has obvious regional advantages. Ningbo is located in the t-shaped intersection of the Yangtze river economic belt and the national north-south coastal traffic channel. And Ningbo’s distribution network is developed and convenient. The expressway entering the port is close- ly connected with the national expressway network, and 506 kilometers of deep-water shoreline is planned for the port. The deep-water length of a su- per-large berth of 300,000 tons or more is about 20 kilometers [5], and the con- ventional channel is nearly 5000 kilometers. The highest artificial channel can carry 300,000 tons of ships. At present, key waterway projects, such as container transport channels dominated by three-level waterways, are being built to form the backbone channel layout framework of “north network and south route, with 20,180-kilometer waterways”. The total length of inland waterways is 9762 kilometers, ranking fifth in China. Ningbo Zhoushan port is vigorously developing the sea-railway combined transport business, increasing the sea-railway combined transport logistics busi- ness, expanding the hinterland of Ningbo Zhoushan port and serving the ex- port-oriented economic development of the central and western regions. Ningbo Zhoushan port container sea-rail combined transport business started at the be- ginning of 2009, and has successively developed the business in Taizhou, Wenz- hou, Quzhou, Yiwu, Jinhua, Shaoxing and other places in the province. Rela- tively far provinces have developed Nanchang, Shangrao, Yingtan, Xinyu, Jing- dezhen, Xiangyang, Lanzhou, Xinjiang, Hefei and other places of sea canal rail- way transport business. In 2015, the total volume of combined transport be- tween rivers and oceans exceeded 200 million tons. Twenty cities have opened sea-rail connections, and it makes the Sea-rail transport volume reached 170,000 teu. The above distribution network makes Ningbo develop into the Yangtze river economic belt of the river and sea combined transport center has good conge- nital conditions. At the same time, from the perspective of regional high-end shipping services, Ningbo shipping center is well built and Ningbo shipping exchange enjoys a good momentum of development. As a platform for strengthening the province, Ningbo shipping exchange provides “one-stop” services including shipping trading, shipping finance, shipping economy, information consulting, policy re- search and policy. In particular, the maritime silk road trade index developed by Ningbo shipping exchange was officially released, which is one of the achieve- ments of “One Belt and One Road” international peak BBS. Therefore, it can be seen that Ningbo shipping office has a good development prospect and has the DOI: 10.4236/jtts.2019.94030 476 Journal of Transportation Technologies N. Y. Zhang strength to become provincial shipping exchange in Zhejiang. 3) Analysis of port and navigation development conditions at local scale The strategic conception of the local scale distribution system mainly enables the port to connect with various transportation modes effectively, which makes Ningbo also possesses good development conditions. In 2018, the accumulative trade volume of import and export at Ningbo port reached USD 242.79 billion, with a year-on-year growth of 18.9%, 6.3% higher than the average growing rate of import and export industry in China. Among which, the export trade volume was USD 167.57 billion, with a year-on-year growth of 14.9%; the import trade volume was USD 75.23 billion, with a year-on-year growth 29.2%; and the trade surplus was USD 92.34 billion, increased by 5.3% on year-on-year basis. The present situation of Ningbo city’s distribution system is analyzed from the following aspects: At present, Ningbo city has many kinds and large scale of port transportation; The main skeleton outline of the external distribution channel of Ningbo port is under construction; The inner system of Ningbo beilun port dis- tribution network has been basically formed, and the construction of supporting facilities has been effective; Positive progress was made in expanding customs clearance at ports.