Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-71413-6 - Antipsychotics and Mood Stabilizers: Stahl’s Essential Psychopharmacology, Third Edition Stephen M. Stahl Index More information Index Page numbers followed by ‘f ’ indicate figures; page numbers followed by ‘t ’ indicate tables. 3PPP, 134f agitation, benzodiazepines for, 188 AAADC (aromatic amino acid decarboxylase), and receptor conformation, 132f 97, 98f agranulocytosis, clozapine and, 164 ABT089, 203 akathisia acetylcholine (ACh), from aripiprazole, 175 in arousal pathways, 150, 152f nigrostriatal pathway dopamine deficiencies and blocked dopamine receptors, 93f and, 31 overactivity, 95 alanine-serine-cysteine transporter (ASC-T), reciprocal relationship with dopamine, 92f glial, 34 acetylcholine-linked mechanisms, 202 alogia, 5, 6t ACP 103, 200 alpha 1 adrenergic receptors ACP-104, 129, 134f atypical antipsychotic agents and, 139f ACR16, 134f and sedation, 151f adipose tissue, insulin resistance in, 141, alpha-1 receptor, antagonism, 94f 144f alpha-2 adrenergic receptors, atypical adolescence antipsychotic agents and, 139f aggressiveness in, 179 alpha 2 antagonists, 168 removal of synaptic connections, 68 alpha-4 beta-2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, risperidone for treating psychotic disorders, 203 166 alpha-7-nicotinic cholinergic agonists, affective blunting, 5 202 affective flattening, as SSRI side effect, 110 alpha amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4- affective symptoms isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) dorsal vs. ventral regulation, 76f receptors, 40, 40f, 66f mesolimbic dopamine pathway role in, 28 synapses with, 67f multiple disorders impacting, 15f Alzheimer’s disease, 180 pharmacy, 182, 184f cognitive symptoms, 13 in schizophrenia, shared with other disorders, excitotoxicity and, 56, 57f 14 symptoms shared with schizophrenia, 12, 13, aggressive symptom pharmacy, 181f 13f aggressiveness, 10 amantadine, 194 multiple disorders impacting, 15f, 16f amenorrhea, 32, 90 in schizophrenic patients, 13 d-amino acid oxidase (DAO), 38f, 39 219 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-71413-6 - Antipsychotics and Mood Stabilizers: Stahl’s Essential Psychopharmacology, Third Edition Stephen M. Stahl Index More information amisulpride, 130, 134f, 135f, 176, 183 and prolactin, 118f and cardiometabolic risk, 140t risk and benefits of long-term, 95 clinical actions of, 125 in use, 85t and diabetes, 171 as D2 dopamine receptor blockers, 27 for negative symptoms in schizophrenia, 182f first-generation, 83f, 96 pharmacological icon, 177f high doses, 191f and QTc prolongation, 171 links between binding properties and clinical amoxapine (Asendin), 173, 174f actions, 136 AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4- low-potency, and dissociation, 124 isoxazole-priopionic acid) glutamate “off-label” uses, 82 receptors, 64 patient toleration of, 163 and synaptogenesis, 62 pharmacokinetics, 156–162 AMPA-kines, 199 pharmacological properties, 162–179 amphetamines, 44 prescribing information, 82 and dopamine release, 26 prophylactic, 192 response to emotional input, 78 receptor interactions for, 134 and schizophrenia symptoms, 75, 77f sedation as short-term tool, 152f amylin, 204 side effects and compliance, 153f anhedonia, 5, 6t, 30 switching, 185, 187f antagonists, process to avoid, 187f vs. inverse agonist, 105 from sedating to nonsedating, 189f vs. partial agonists, 132f antisocial personality disorder, 13 presynaptic, 199f anxiety disorders anticholinergic agents 5HT1A receptors and, 103f D2 antagonism and, 93f quetiapine for, 168f side effects, 95 anxious mood, 14 antihistamines, 82 anxious self-punishment, 3 atypical, 96 apathy, 3 administration frequency, 122 histamine-1 with 5HT2C antagonism, 141f cardiometabolic risk and, 140t aripiprazole, 129, 130, 134f–136f, 158, 175, 183 cardiometabolic risk management, 145 and cardiometabolic risk, 140t hit-and-run receptor binding properties, as CYP 2D6 substrate, 158, 159f 124f and diabetes, 171 hypothetical action over time, 125f dosage with carbamazepine, 161f, 162 to improve schizophrenia symptoms, 109 pharmacological icon, 176f pharmacological properties, 139f raising levels of, 160f and prolactin, 118f and sedation, 184, 186f properties, 119, 135f switching from sedating agent to, 189 and weight gain risk, 140t and weight gain risk, 140t avoiding sedation and enhancing long-term aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AAADC), outcome, 155f 97, 98f benzodiazepines to lead in or top off, 188f asenapine, 122f, 200 best practices for monitoring and managing, Asendin (amoxapine), 173, 174f 149f asociality, 5, 6t cardiometabolic risk and, 137–150 assaultiveness, 10 combining two, 191 atorvastatin conventional, 91f impaired, in schizophrenia, 11 vs. atypical, 112f, 114f attention deficit hyperactivity disorder D2 binding of, 123f (ADHD), 180 D2-receptor antagonist, 83 symptoms shared with schizophrenia, 14 hypothetical action over time, 123f attitudes, hostile, 3 muscarinic cholinergic blocking properties, atypical antipsychotic agents, 96 91, 95 administration frequency, 122 pharmacological properties, 82–96 cardiometabolic risk and, 140t 220 Index © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-71413-6 - Antipsychotics and Mood Stabilizers: Stahl’s Essential Psychopharmacology, Third Edition Stephen M. Stahl Index More information cardiometabolic risk management, 145 brain. See also circuits clozapine as, 163 dopamine pathways in, 26f, 22–29 vs. conventional, 112f, 114f excitotoxicity in early development, 62f hit-and-run receptor binding properties, 124f insult and schizophrenia, 57 hypothetical action over time, 125f survival of wrong neurons, 59 properties, 119, 139f focus on malfunctioning areas, 16 and weight gain risk, 140t glutamate pathways in, 43f, 41–45 auditory hallucinations, 5 nucleus accumbens as pleasure center, 83 autism, 180 brain circuits, and schizophrenia symptoms, 14 cognitive symptoms, 13 brain damage, 180 irritability in children with, 181 brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), 58 risperidone for irritability, 166 5HT6 receptors and, 201 avolution, 5, 6t genes coding for, 63f “awakening”, 164, 191 and long-term memory formation, 99 and synapse formation, 62, 65f benzamide antipsychotics, clinical actions of, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, 7t 125 burnout benzodiazepines, 153, 155f, 180 of neuronal systems, 28 for aggression management, 181f in schizophrenic patients, 54, 55f for agitation, 188 buspirone, 201 injectable, 179 to lead in or top off antipsychotics, 188f calcium when switching antipsychotics, excessive 189f and excitotoxicity, 58f bifeprunox (DU 127090), 129, 130, 134f–136f, overexcitation and dangerous opening of, 55 177 calcyon, genes for, 73f and cardiometabolic risk, 140t cannabinoid antagonists, 203 and diabetes, 171 carbamazepine (Equetro), 160 in metabolic pharmacy, 183 CYP450 3A4 and discontinuation, 162f metabolized by CYP 3A4, 158 CYP450 3A4 induced by, 161f for obesity, 202 antipsychotic agents and, 143f, 171 pharmacological icon, 178f atypical antipsychotic agents and, 139, 140t and sedation, 186f clozapine and, 164 sedation risk with, 184 low risk antipscychotic agents, 140t bipolar disorder. See also mood stabilizers olanzapine and, 165 bifeprunox for treating, 178 receptors mediating, 139f depressed phase of, 169 cardiovascular disease olanzapine and, 165 atypical antipsychotic agents and, 137 risperidone effectiveness for, 167 risk of, 142f symptoms shared with schizophrenia, 12, 13, cardiovascular side effects, of antipsychotic 13f drugs, 95 ziprasidone for, 170 catabolic enzymes, blame, 3 and dopamine breakdown, 21, 21f blonanserin, 122f and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, 19f blood pressure genes for, 73f monitoring, 146, 150f CATIE (Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of blunted affect, 6t Intervention Effectiveness), 153f blurred vision, from conventional cerebral cortex, antipsychotics, 92f antipsychotic agent binding to postsynaptic BMY-14802, 200 5HT2A receptors, 114f body mass index (BMI), 142f aggressiveness in, 179 baseline measurement, 149f psychotic illness, symptoms shared with monitoring, 150f schizophrenia, 12, 13, 13f borderline personality disorder, 13, 180 risperidone for, 166 Index 221 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-71413-6 - Antipsychotics and Mood Stabilizers: Stahl’s Essential Psychopharmacology, Third Edition Stephen M. Stahl Index More information chlorpromazine (Thorazine), 82, 85t in schizophrenia, shared with other disorders, cholecystokinin (CCK), 204 13, 14f chorea, dopamine hyperactivity in nigrostriatal serotonin receptors and, 99 pathway and, 31 cognitive symptom pharmacy, 182, 183f CHRNA (alpha-7 nicotinic cholinergic “combos” (combination of medications) receptor), 72f for schizophrenia, 190, 204 circadian rhythms for symptom reduction in psychosis, 179 5HT7 receptors and, 103f communication Cl1007, 134f dysfunction of, 5 Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention inhibitors, 202 Effectiveness (CATIE), 153f conceptual disorganization, 3 clinical practice conduct disorder, 179 vs. clinical trials, 178 connectivity, genes affecting, 58 symptom treatment, vs. disease treatment, constipation 179 from conventional antipsychotics, 92f Clopixol (zuclopenthixol), 85t and emotion and cognitive symptoms, clozapine, 136f, 157, 157f, 158, 184 17f 5HT6-antagonist properties of, 201 and schizophrenia symptoms, 15 for affective symptoms in schizophrenia, cortical arousal, neurotransmitters of, 152f 183 cortical brainstem glutamate projection, 43f, for aggression