Dhaka Urban Resilience Project Dhaka City Urban Resilience Project Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) Revised Inception Report 2019, JUNE Dhaka Urban Resilience Project © Cover photo credit: REUTERS/Mohammad Ponir Hossain, “Arial view of the Korail slum in Dhaka” https://pictures.reuters.com/archive/BANGLADESH-DAILYLIFE--RC1E181EBE20.html “If humanity fails to counter the climate change in Bangladesh, it will also fail elsewhere!” SEA Team Dhaka Urban Resilience Project TABLE OF CONTENTS I INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................5 II ENVIRONMENTAL SITUATION ANALYSIS OF DHAKA CITY.................12 III REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT OF 2007 SEA REPORT..................................70 IV STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS.............................................................................74 V SWOT ANALYSIS.................................................................................................94 REFERENCES...........................................................................................................99 APPENDICES...............................................................................................................I 1 Dhaka Urban Resilience Project List of Tables Table 1.1 SEA Working Plan.....................................................................................................................................10 Table 2.1 Land Use Composition...............................................................................................................................21 Table 2.2 Population Growth.....................................................................................................................................45 Table 2.3 Key Issues on Flood...................................................................................................................................49 Table 2.4 Wetland Areas by Types.............................................................................................................................52 Table 2.5 Wetland Areas in Different Hydrological Regions....................................................................................53 Table 2.6 Area of Vegetation Coverage.....................................................................................................................58 Table 2.7 Bengal Tiger Habitat..................................................................................................................................59 Table 2.8 Threatened Animal Species........................................................................................................................61 Table 2.9 List of Known Plant Species......................................................................................................................66 Table 3.1 A Comparison Btw. 2007 and 2009 SEA Reports.....................................................................................72 Table 4.1 List of NGOs..............................................................................................................................................86 Table 4.2 Stakeholder Matrix for Public Institutions.................................................................................................90 Table 4.3 Stakeholder Matrix for NGOs....................................................................................................................91 Table 4.4 Stakeholder Matrix for Universities...........................................................................................................92 List of Figures Figure 1.1 Study area where flood risk analysis will be conducted..........................................................................7 Figure 1.2 Methodology and design of the study.......................................................................................................9 Figure 1.3 PIU meeting (02.12.2018).......................................................................................................................10 Figure 2.1 Evolution of Dhaka City..........................................................................................................................13 Figure 2.2 Lalbag Kella.............................................................................................................................................13 Figure 2.3 Location and Administrative Map............................................................................................................16 Figure 2.4 Land Cover...............................................................................................................................................19 Figure 2.5 Brick Kilns...............................................................................................................................................23 Figure 2.6 Trends in Daily-Averaged PM Concentration..........................................................................................24 Figure 2.7 Waste Hierarchy.......................................................................................................................................28 Figure 2.8 Municipal Solid Waste Management.......................................................................................................29 Figure 2.9 Sources of Water Pollution.......................................................................................................................31 Figure 2.10 Present & Future Water Supply & Demand...........................................................................................32 Figure 2.11 Major Pathways of Heavy Metal Dispersion.........................................................................................34 Figure 2.12 Land Contamination Hotspots in Dhaka................................................................................................35 Figure 2.13 Seismic Zoning Map..............................................................................................................................38 Figure 2.14 Faults and Lineaments in Dhaka...........................................................................................................39 Figure 2.15 River System.........................................................................................................................................43 Figure 2.16 Historical flooding in Dhaka ................................................................................................................44 Figure 2.17 Land Cover Maps..................................................................................................................................46 Figure 2.18 Comparison of Vegetation, Wetland & Built-up Area...........................................................................47 Figure 2.19 An Embankment....................................................................................................................................49 Figure 2.20 Bio-ecological Zones.............................................................................................................................50 Figure 2.21 Potential Innundated Area......................................................................................................................51 Figure 2.22 Spatial Distribution of Permanent Wetlands..........................................................................................53 Figure 2.23 Bengal Tiger...........................................................................................................................................58 Figure 2.24 Projected Current Distribution of Bengal Tiger.....................................................................................59 Figure 2.25 Structure of the IUCN Red List.............................................................................................................61 Figure 4.1 General Administrative Structure in Bangladesh.....................................................................................74 Figure 4.2 Possible Stakeholders Operating under MoEF.........................................................................................76 Figure 4.3 Possible Stakeholders Operating under MoWR.......................................................................................77 Figure 4.4 Possible Stakeholders Operating under MoLGRDC................................................................................78 Figure 4.5 Areas Under the Authority of DNCC & DSCC.......................................................................................79 Figure 4.6 Possible Stakeholders Operating under MoHPB.....................................................................................80 Figure 5.1 Matrix of the SWOT Analysis..................................................................................................................98 List of Boxes Box 2.1 Approved AQI for Bangladesh.....................................................................................................................25 Box 2.2 Bengal Tiger..................................................................................................................................................58 Box 5.1 The Grameen Bank Model............................................................................................................................98 2 Dhaka Urban Resilience Project ABBREVIATIONS AQI Air Quality Index AQMP Air Quality Management Planning BAPA