MICROSOFT TECHNOLOGY ASSOCIATE Student Study Guide EXAM 98-364 Database Administration Fundamentals Preparing forfor MTA CCertiertifi ccationation MICROSOFT TECHNOLOGYTEECHNOLOGYCHNOLOGY AASSOCIATESSOCIATE (MTA)((MTAMTAA) STUDENTSTUDENT STUDYSTUUDYDY GUIDEGUIDE FORFOR DEVELOPERSDEVELOPERS 98-364 Database Administration Fundamentals Authors Peggy Fisher (Web Development and Database Administration). Patricia Phillips (Lead Author and Project Manager). Patricia taught Peggy teaches computer science at a rural high school in central, computer science for 20 years in Janesville, Wisconsin. She served Pennsylvania. Indian Valley High School offers courses in on Microsoft’s National K-12 Faculty Advisory Board and edited programming (C#, VB, and Java for the AP course), and Web design the Microsoft MainFunction website for technology teachers for (Expression Web, HTML, JavaScript, and CSS). Peggy worked for a two years. For the past fi ve years she has worked with Microsoft large insurance company outside Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, prior in a variety of roles related to K-12 curriculum development and to leaving the corporate world to join the fi eld of education. She has pilot programs including Expression Studio web design and XNA been at IVHS for the past eight years and truly enjoys her new career. game development. In her role as an author and editor, Patricia Peggy also teaches part-time at Pennsylvania State University in the wrote several articles and a student workbook on topics including Continuing Education program. Her goal in teaching is to instill the computer science, web design, and computational thinking. She is love of learning so that her students will graduate and become life- currently the editor of the Computer Science Teachers Association long learners. Peggy is the co-author of the Web Development Exam newsletter, the Voice. Review Kit in the MTA Exam Review Kit series. This content is only for use by or provision to students for their personal use. Some examples depicted herein are provided for illustration only and are fi ctitious. No real association or connection is intended or should be inferred. Microsoft and other trademarks listed at http://www.microsoft.com/about/legal/en/us/IntellectualProperty/Trademarks/EN-US .aspx are trademarks of the Microsoft group of companies. All other marks are property of their respective owners. © 2010 Microsoft Corporation. All Rights Reserved. This content is provided “as-is” and Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied. Contents Introduction . .v Career Planning . vi Exploring Job Roles . viii Value of Certifi cation . .x 98-364 DATABASEDATABASE ADMINIADMINISTRATIONSTRATION FUNDAMENTALSFUNDAMENTALS CHAPTERCHAPTER 1 Understanding Core Database Concepts . 3 1.1 Understand how data is stored in tables . 5 1.2 Understand relational database concepts . 7 1.3 Understand data manipulation language (DML) . 9 1.4 Understand data defi nition language (DDL) . 11 CHAPTERCHAPTER 2 Creating Database Objects . .13 2.1 Choose data types . 15 2.2 Understand tables and how to create them . 17 2.3A Create views using T-SQL . 19 2.3B Create views using a graphical designer . 21 2.4 Create stored procedures and functions . 23 CHAPTERCHAPTER 3 Manipulating Data . .25 3.1A Select data utilizing SELECT with simple queries . 27 3.1B Select data utilizing SELECT with complex queries . 29 3.2 Insert data . 31 3.3 Update data . 33 3.4 Delete data . 35 CHAPTERCHAPTER 4 Understanding Data Storage . 37 4.1 Understand normalization . 39 4.2 Understand primary, foreign, and composite keys . 41 4.3 Understand indexes . 43 CHAPTERCHAPTER 5 Administering a Database . .45 5.1 Understand database security concepts . 47 5.2 Understand database backup and restore . 49 CHAPTERCHAPTER 6 Database Concepts Review . .51 Database administration fundamentals review . 53 iv Contents Introduction TA validates building-block technology concepts Empower yourself As the fi rst step toward Mand helps students explore, discover and becoming an MCTS, MTA shows your commitment to pursue successful careers in Information Technology technology while connecting you with a community (IT) in an exciting and rewarding way! As the fi rst step of more than fi ve million Microsoft Certifi ed in the Microsoft Technology Certifi cation Series, this Professionals. Learn from them and show them what new, entry-level certifi cation provides students with you know by becoming MTA certifi ed! confi dence, credibility, and differentiation. This MTA Student Study Guide serves as a study tool Explore IT career options without committing to help students prepare for their MTA certifi cation a lot of time and resources MTA exams validate exam. Students are challenged with real-life situations the core technology knowledge that is in demand for each of the major topics covered in the exam. today by businesses around the world. Whether you Although successful completion of the study guide want to explore becoming a network administrator, exercises does not guarantee that you will pass your software engineer, web developer, or database MTA exam, it is an excellent way to gauge your analyst, MTA gets you started on the right path. readiness to take the exam and build confi dence that you know your stuff on exam day. Prepare to compete A little investment in IT can I wish you all the best as you prepare for a successful go a long way in today’s job market. Becoming MTA career in technology! certifi ed helps you build a solid foundation to prepare Victoria Pohto for intermediate technology studies and for Microsoft Certifi ed Technology Specialist (MCTS) certifi cations. Victoria Pohto It can also help you compete on college admissions MTA Product Marketing Manager and jumpstart your IT career planning! Introduction v Career Planning ost IT solutions or infrastructure built on knowledge of the fundamental IT concepts critical MMicrosoft technologies require profi ciency for success with intermediate learning and with one or all of the following products, often certifi cations such as Microsoft Certifi ed Technology referred to as “The Microsoft Stack.” Specialist (MCTS). Moreover, Microsoft certifi cations demonstrate an individual’s commitment of self- • Microsoft Windows® Server® as the data center investment and confi dence to take his or her or development platform knowledge and skills to the next level with an • Microsoft SQL Server® as the data and business industry-recognized credential. intelligence (BI) platform MTA is not a “career certifi cation,” meaning that ® • Microsoft Visual Studio as the suite of application employers recognize you as “job ready,” but it is the life-cycle management tools fi rst step toward that career goal and can help differentiate you for an internship or to college MTA is the starting point of Microsoft technology admissions committees. As you prepare for your fi rst certifi cations, providing aspiring technologists with job focusing on technology, be sure that you the fundamental knowledge essential to succeed are equipped with an MCTS credential—the with continued studies and a successful career with intermediate level certifi cation that validates technology. Microsoft product and technology skills. Preparing for and becoming MTA certifi ed helps you The MTA Certifi cation path on the next page shows explore a variety of career paths in technology with- you the MTA exams that are recommended prior out investing a lot of time and money in a specialized to taking on some of Microsoft’s intermediate career path. When you fi nd a path that is right for technology certifi cation, MCTS. you, Microsoft learning products and certifi cation can help you prepare and guide your longer-term career planning. If you already know that you want to start building a career in technology, MTA preparation and certi- fi cation is the recommended entry point. Becoming MTA certifi ed shows that you have a fi rm working vi Career Planning Career Planning vii Exploring Job Roles hoosing a career path is a big decision and it’s Server Administrator not always easy, but you’re not alone! Microsoft C As a server administrator, you are in charge created a career site to help students understand the of implementing and managing some options and possibilities of pursuing a career in IT. of the most important technology in your The site also connects you with learning resources, organization—the servers. You use extensive student techie communities, and much more to help monitoring and profi ling tools to manage the you prepare for a career in technology. network and tune systems so they perform at optimal To chart your career with Microsoft technology, levels. You are an expert in Active Directory®, and you visit www.microsoft.com/learning/career/en/us/ have an in-depth understanding of network career-org-charts.aspx. protocols, and fi le and directory security. Database Administrator Computer Support Technician As a database administrator, you are in charge Consider starting your IT career by becoming of important databases that span multiple a consumer support technician. You don’t platforms and environments. You are a strong need any formal work experience, but a team player who thrives in a fast-paced company might require that you know how to environment. You build complex, highly scalable install, administer, and troubleshoot operating databases that meet business needs and security systems in a home network environment that has requirements. You are an expert in optimizing, desktop computers, laptops, and printers. As a maintaining, and troubleshooting databases, but also consumer support technician, you’ll also handle in designing archival, data distribution, and high- network, virus, malicious software, and hardware availability solutions. support issues. You’ll typically fi nd this position in small to medium-sized organizations. viii Exploring Job Roles Exploring Job Roles Web Developer and n-tier applications, and knowing how to work As a web developer, you are an expert in with object-oriented programming, algorithms, data using the dynamic programming tools and structures, and multithreading. Windows developers languages that fuel the web.