1 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Best Practices for Oracle Database Performance on Windows Christian Shay Product Manager, Oracle The following is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for information purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions. The development, release, and timing of any features or functionality described for Oracle’s products remains at the sole discretion of Oracle. 3 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Program Agenda . Overview <Insert Picture Here> . Architecture . Best Practices for Windows – Client side tuning – Windows OS Diagnostic Tools – Optimize CPU usage, Optimize Network, Optimize File I/O . Best Practices for RAC on Windows . Q+A: Ask the Experts 4 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Slidedeck for this session . Within about one week: – http://bit.ly/18Wh3UZ . Also will be linked to on OTN Windows page: – http://otn.oracle.com/windows 5 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Windows 8 and Windows 2012 Supported Editions . Windows 8 Editions – Windows 8 Pro – Windows 8 Enterprise . Windows Server 2012 Editions – Essentials – Foundation – Standard – Datacenter 6 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Windows 32-bit Platform Support OS 10gR2 11gR1 11gR2 #2 12cR1 #3 #1 RAC and some Windows XP Professional other features not Yes Yes Yes No #1 supported on Windows client Windows Server 2003 and systems Yes Yes Yes No Windows Server 2003 R2 #2 RAC not Windows Vista #1 10.2.0.4 Yes Yes No supported for 32- bit Windows in Windows 7 #1 10.2.0.5 No Yes Yes 11gR2 and later Windows Server 2008 10.2.0.4 11.1.0.7 Yes Yes # 3 Only Database Windows Server 2008 R2 10.2.0.5 11.1.0.7 Yes Yes Client is supported for 32- bit Windows in Windows 8 #1 No No Planned in Patchset Yes 12c and later Windows Server 2012 No No Planned in Patchset Yes 7 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Windows 64-bit (x64) Platform Support OS 10gR2 11gR1 11gR2 12cR1 Windows 32-bit Client is also Windows XP (#1), Windows Server supported on x64 Yes Yes Yes No 2003, and Windows Server 2003 R2 systems Windows Vista #1 10.2.0.4 Yes Yes No #1 RAC and some other features not Windows 7 #1 10.2.0.5 No Yes Yes supported on Windows client Windows Server 2008 10.2.0.4 11.1.0.7 Yes Yes systems # 2 Windows Server 2008 R2 10.2.0.5 No Yes Yes Single Instance and Client support Planned in only; RAC support Windows 8 #1 No No Yes Patchset planned in a future patchset Planned in Windows Server 2012 No No Yes # 2 Patchset 8 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Hyper -V and Windows Azure Certification . Windows 2012 Hyper-V – DB 12cR1 (Single Instance) certified on Windows 2012 guest OS – DB 12cR1 (Single Instance ) planned to be certified on Windows 2008R2 guest OS in a future patchset – DB 11gR2 (Single Instance) planned to be certified on Windows 2008R2 and Windows 2012 guest operating systems in a future patchset . Windows Azure – DB 12cR1(Single Instance) on Windows 2012 and Oracle Linux 6.4 (Preview) – DB 11gR2 (Single Instance) on Windows 2012 and Windows 2008R2 planned in future . http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/cloud/faq-1963009.html 9 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Program Agenda . Overview <Insert Picture Here> . Architecture . Best Practices for Windows – Windows OS Diagnostic Tools – Optimize CPU usage, Optimize Network, Optimize File I/O . Best Practices for RAC on Windows . Q+A: Ask the Experts 10 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Architecture: Thread Model SGA contains Oracle process db buffers, log buffers SGA shared pool, other memory 8TB allocations total Each thread consists of Background and foreground threads PGA, stack, other memory Code allocations 11 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Database Architecture . Thread model, not a straight port of Oracle’s process architecture . 8TB maximum memory per database instance . Runs as a Windows service process . No limits on memory, connections, resources except those imposed by the operating system 12 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. File I/O . Supports asynchronous I/O to all types of files . Logical and physical raw files and partitions are fully supported (faster than NTFS) 13 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. File I/O . Full 64-bit file I/O internally. This means: – No 2GB or 4GB limitations on database file sizes. – Maximum file size is 64GB – Maximum database size is 4 petabytes 14 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. File I/O . Asynch IO support on Windows is very good for both file system and raw devices. No need to set INIT.ORA parameter “filesystemio_options” . Default value of “asynch” is the recommended setting. 15 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Memory - Large Pages . Large Page support – For instances with large memory requirements, large page support can improve performance. To enable, set registry parameter ORA_LPENABLE . x64 – 4kb default page size – will now be 2 MB – In 12c, if Oracle Home User is a standard Windows account, the administrator must grant the "Lock pages in memory" privilege to Oracle Home User or Service SID of Oracle Database Service (NTAUTHORITY\OracleService<sid>) 16 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Memory - Large Pages . Large Page support – Windows Server may be slow to allocate a huge amount of memory when using large pages especially if memory is already fragmented. Start Oracle before other processes if this affects you. – Oracle Database 12c introduces a new option to allow use of large pages but it will fall back to small pages if OS is not able to allocate large pages 17 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Memory - Large Pages Support . Under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\KEY_HOMENAME – Create ORA_LPENABLE or ORA_SID_LPENABLE – Set the value to 1 for regular mode and 2 for mixed mode – Mixed mode is a new 12c option to allow use of large pages but fall back to small pages if OS is not able to allocate large pages – ORA_SID_LPMAXTIME is the optional time parameter for mixed mode 18 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Memory - Numa . NUMA support for memory/scheduling – Database intelligently allocates memory and schedules threads based on node configuration . Test well before going into production, Work with your hardware vendor and Oracle support to enable NUMA. 19 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Hyperthreading . Circuitry added to Intel CPUs resulting in single CPU functioning as 2 CPUs . All versions of Oracle are supported in Hyperthreaded environments. 20 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Additional Integration with Windows . Integration with Performance Monitor . Integration with Event Log 21 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Direct NFS Client on Windows . Network Attached Storage (NAS) uses Network File System (NFS) . As of 11g, Oracle Database allows direct Windows NFS v3 access – Part of DB kernel in Oracle Disk Manager library 22 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Direct NFS Client on Windows . Bypasses a lot of software layers in OS . Tailored for the specific I/O patterns that Oracle uses 23 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Direct NFS . Linear scalability of direct NFS can be achieved with inexpensive NICS - and – Does not require expensive switches which support link aggregation…Oracle does load balancing rather relying on a switch. – Parallel network paths – More NICS – more bandwidth . Direct NFS is a good solution from low to high end database servers 24 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Direct NFS Client on Windows . Database 12c Release 1 – dnfs_batch_size allows Windows systems that don't have enough bandwidth to throttle the number of IOs queued to the system, which may improve overall performance. (Bug 13647945) 25 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Program Agenda . Overview <Insert Picture Here> . Architecture . Best Practices for Windows – Windows OS Diagnostic Tools – Client side tuning – Optimize CPU usage, Optimize Network, Optimize File I/O . Best Practices for RAC on Windows . Q+A: Ask the Experts 26 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Enterprise Manager 27 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Diagnostic Tools - Performance Monitor 28 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Process Explorer 29 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. OS Tools . tasklist, taskkill . tlist (Shows command line args with -c) . driverquery . diskpart . sc (sc query state= all) . process monitor (regmon, filemon, procexp) tcpview . Windows Services for Unix 30 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Client Diagnosability . Integrated with Automatic Diagnostic Repository (ADR) . OCI and Net tracing and logging uses ADR by default . Multithreaded client-side diagnosability context support 31 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Client Diagnosability . First Failure Capture – No need to reproduce a second time to get a dump . Client and Server trace file correlation . Reduce one-off diagnostic patches . Structure Dump Facility – Dumps more than just a stack 32 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates.