CONVERSIONS OVIDIAN TRANSVERSIONS OVIDIAN SERIES EDITORS: PAUL YACHNIN AND BRONWEN WILSON ‘A spectacular achievement. Harnessing the capacity of Ovid’s 1300–1650 AND IANTHE’, ‘IPHIS Iphis story to unsettle our categories of being and knowing, this book represents the very best in collaborative scholarship. It makes a truly transformational contribution to research on Ovid’s Metamorphoses, Ovidian reception, and the history and politics of embodiment, sexuality and gender.’ Robert Mills, University College London Focuses on transversions of Ovid’s ‘Iphis and Ianthe’ in both English and French literature Medieval and early modern authors engaged with Ovid’s tale of ‘Iphis and Ianthe’ in a number of surprising ways. From Christian translations to secular retellings on the seventeenth-century stage, Ovid’s story of a girl’s miraculous transformation into a boy sparked a diversity of responses in English and French from the fourteenth to the seventeenth centuries. In addition to analysing various translations and commentaries, the volume clusters essays around treatments of John Lyly’s Galatea (c.1585) and Issac de Benserade’s Iphis et Iante (1637). As a whole, the volume addresses gender and transgender, sexuality and gallantry, anatomy and alchemy, fable and history, youth and pedagogy, language and climate change. Badir and Peggy McCracken Patricia VALERIE TRAUB is author of Thinking Sex with the Early Moderns. Traub, Edited Valerie by PATRICIA BADIR is author of The Maudlin Impression: English Literary Images of Mary Magdalene, 1550–1700. PEGGY MCCRACKEN is author of In the Skin of a Beast: Sovereignty and Animality in Medieval France. OVIDIAN TRANSVERSIONS Cover image: Metamorphosis of Ovid; plaster statuette by Auguste Rodin; ca. 1886 © Victoria and Albert Museum, London ‘IPHIS AND IANTHE’, 1300–1650 Cover design: www.paulsmithdesign.com Edited by Valerie Traub, Patricia Badir and Peggy McCracken ISBN 978-1-4744-4890-1 CONVERSIONS edinburghuniversitypress.com OVIDIAN TRANSVERSIONS Conversions Series Editors: Paul Yachnin and Bronwen Wilson Available titles Ovidian Transversions: ‘Iphis and Ianthe’, 1300–1650 Edited by Valerie Traub, Patricia Badir and Peggy McCracken Visit our website at: www.edinburghuniversitypress.com/series/CONV OVIDIAN TRANSVERSIONS ‘IPHIS AND IANTHE’, 1300–1650 Edited by Valerie Traub, Patricia Badir and Peggy McCracken Edinburgh University Press is one of the leading university presses in the UK. We publish academic books and journals in our selected subject areas across the humanities and social sciences, combining cutting-edge scholarship with high editorial and production values to produce academic works of lasting importance. For more information visit our website: edinburghuniversitypress.com © editorial matter and organisation Valerie Traub, Patricia Badir and Peggy McCracken, 2019 © the chapters their several authors, 2019 Edinburgh University Press Ltd The Tun – Holyrood Road, 12(2f) Jackson’s Entry, Edinburgh EH8 8PJ Typeset in 10/12.5 Sabon by Servis Filmsetting Ltd, Stockport, Cheshire, and printed and bound in Great Britain. A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978 1 4744 4890 1 (hardback) ISBN 978 1 4744 4892 5 (webready PDF) ISBN 978 1 4744 4893 2 (epub) The right of Valerie Traub, Patricia Badir and Peggy McCracken to be identified as the editors of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, and the Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003 (SI No. 2498). CONTENTS List of Figures vii Acknowledgements xi Contributors xiii Introduction: Transversions of ‘Iphis and Ianthe’ 1 Valerie Traub 1 Metamorphosis as Supplement: Sexuality and History in the Ovide moralisé 43 Peggy McCracken 2 The Trans* Temporality of Lament: ‘Foolish’ Hope and Trans* Survival in the Ovide moralisé’s ‘Iphis and Ianthe’ 60 Laurel Billings 3 Gower’s Riddles in ‘Iphis and Iante’ 80 Karma Lochrie 4 Fortune’s Touch: Reading Transformation in Christine de Pizan’s Mutacion de Fortune 99 Miranda Griffin OVIDIAN TRANSVERSIONS 5 Becoming Scattered: The Case of Iphis’s Trans*version and the Archipelogic of John Florio’s Worlde of Wordes 118 Marjorie Rubright 6 Alchemy, Humanism and the Uses of Disknowledge in John Lyly’s Galatea 150 Katherine Eggert 7 The Problem with Love: Untoward Engagement and Humanist Pedagogy in Galatea 172 Elizabeth Mathie 8 Coastal Squeeze: Environmental Metamorphosis and Lyly’s Lincolnshire 191 Patricia Badir 9 Illegible Bodies: Reading Intersex and Transgender in Early Modern France (the Case of Isaac de Benserade’s Iphis et Ianthe) 213 Kathleen Perry Long 10 Lesbianism in Benserade’s Iphis et Ianthe (1634): Gallantry and the Making of Heterosexuality in Seventeenth-Century France 241 Matthieu Dupas 11 Changing the Ways of the World: Sex, Youth and Modernity in Benserade’s Iphis et Iante 261 Susan S. Lanser Appendices: Translations and Images of ‘Iphis and Ianthe’ 279 A ‘Iphis and Ianthe’ in the Ovide moralisé, trans. Miranda Griffin, Blake Gutt and Peggy McCracken 279 B ‘Iphis and Ianthe’ in John Gower’s Confessio amantis, trans. Karma Lochrie 286 C ‘Iphis and Ianthe’ in Christine de Pizan’s La Mutacion de Fortune, trans. Miranda Griffin 288 D ‘Iphis and Ianthe’ in Arthur Golding’s Metamorphosis (1567) 289 E ‘Iphis and Ianthe’ in George Sandys’ Ovid’s Metamorphosis (1632) 293 F Select Images of ‘Iphis and Ianthe’ to 1700 297 Index 321 vi LIST OF FIGURES 3.1 John Gower, Confessio Amantis (c.1393). Oxford Bodleian Library, MS Fairfax 3, folio 8r. 87 5.1 John Rider, Riders dictionarie corrected (1612). RB 302497. The Huntington Library, San Marino, California. 120 5.2 John Florio, A Worlde of Wordes (1598). RB 59838. The Huntington Library, San Marino, California. 122 5.3 Cristoforo Buondelmonti, Liber insularum archipelagi (c.1420). Mich. MS. 162. Special Collections Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 135 5.4 Bartolomeo dalli Sonetti, Isolario (1484). RB 84726. The Huntington Library, San Marino, California. 136 5.5 Bartolomeo dalli Sonetti, Isolario (1484). RB 84726. The Huntington Library, San Marino, California. 139 8.1 Lincolnshire banks from the Humber Bridge (between Barton- upon-Humber and Hull). Author’s photograph. 193 8.2 Christopher Saxton’s Map of Lincolnshire (1576). Royal MS 18.D.lll. no. 5. © The British Library. 193 8.3 Christopher Saxton’s Map of Lincolnshire (detail, 1576). Royal MS 18.D.lll. no. 5. © The British Library. 194 8.4 The Humber river from the Lincolnshire banks (at Barton- Upon-Humber). Author’s photograph. 195 vii OVIDIAN TRANSVERSIONS 8.5 Humberside fields and pastures. Barton-Upon-Humber. Author’s photograph. 200 8.6 ‘Tide Facts: The Humber Estuary’. TIDE Project. http:// www.tide-project.eu/index.php5?node_id=Reports-and- Publications;83&lang_id=1. 202 8.7 St Peter’s Church, Barton-Upon-Humber. Author’s photograph. 206 F.1 ‘Birth of Iphis’ (detail). Ovide moralisé (14c.). Rouen Bibliothèque Municipale ms. 04, fol. 243. 298 F.2 ‘Telethusa and Iphis Pray to Isis’ (detail). Ovide moralisé (14c.). Rouen Bibliothèque Municipale ms. 04, fol. 244v. 299 F.3 Marriage of Iphis and Ianthe’ (detail). Ovide moralisé (14c.). Rouen Bibliothèque Municipale ms. 04, fol. 244v. 300 F.4 ‘Birth of Iphis’ (detail). Ovide moralisé (14c.). Bibliothèque Nationale de France. Bibliothèque de l’Arsenal, ms. 5069, fol. 131. 301 F.5 Bernard Salomon. ‘Lygde & Teletuse’. La métamorphose d’Ovide figureé (Lyon, 1557), 60r. Bibliothèque Nationale de France. 302 F.6 Bernard Salomon. ‘La fille Iphis en fils’. La métamorphose d’Ovide figureé (Lyon, 1557), 60v. Bibliothèque Nationale de France. 303 F.7 Bernard Salomon. ‘Teletusa fa credere al marito che la sua figliuola è maschio’. Gabriele Simeoni, Del Metamorphoseo abbreviato, con la rinovatione d’alcune stanze, libro decimoquinto, con figurator (Lyon, 1559), p. 132, plate 120. Warburg Institute. 304 F.8 Bernard Salomon. ‘La figliuola di Lyddo conuertita in maschio’. Gabriele Simeoni, Del Metamorphoseo abbreviato, con la rinovatione d’alcune stanze, libro decimoquinto, con figurator (Lyon, 1559), p. 133, plate 121. Warburg Institute. 305 F.9 Virgil Solis. ‘Lyctus & Telethusa uxor’. Johan Spreng, Metamorphoses Ovidii, argumentis quidem soluta oration . una cum singularum transformationum Iconibus, a Vergilio Solis, eximo picture, delineates (1570), p. 115. Bibliothèque Nationale de France. 306 F.10 Virgil Solis. ‘Iphis puella in marem’. Johan Spreng, Metamorphoses Ovidii, argumentis quidem soluta oration . una cum singularum transformationum Iconibus, a Vergilio Solis, eximo picture, delineates (1570), p. 116. Bibliothèque Nationale de France. 307 F.11 Anonymous (after Virgil Solis). ‘Telethusa and Isis’. Pub. Ovidii Nasonis Metamorphoseon libri XV, ex postrema Jocobi Micylli recognitione, et recensione nova Gregorii Bersmarni, cum viii LIST OF FIGURES eiusdem notationibus . (Leipzig: Joannes Steinman, 1582), p. 383. Warburg Institute. 308 F. 12 Anonymous (after Virgil Solis). ‘Iphis Disguised as a Youth Prays to Become a Youth’. Pub. Ovidii Nasonis Metamorphoseon libri XV, ex postrema Jocobi Micylli recognitione, et recensione nova Gregorii Bersmarni, cum eiusdem notationibus … (Leipzig: Joannes Steinman, 1582), p. 386. Warburg Institute. 309 F.13 Petrus Vander Borcht. ‘Lyctus et Telethusa Uxor. IX’. Lactantius Placidus, P. Ovidii Nasonis Metamorphoses: argumentis brevioribus / ex Luctatio Grammatico [i.e. Lactantius Placidus] collecti expositae; una cum vivis singularum transformationum iconibus in aes incisis (Antwerp: Ex Officina Plantiniana