Ice Navigation in Canadian Waters Published by: Icebreaking Program, Maritime Services Canadian Coast Guard Fisheries and Oceans Canada Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0E6 Cat. No. Fs154-31/2012E-PDF ISBN 978-1-100-20610-3 Revised August 2012 ©Minister of Fisheries and Oceans Canada 2012 Important Notice – For Copyright and Permission to Reproduce, please refer to: http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/notices-avis-eng.htm Note : Cette publication est aussi disponible en français. Cover photo: CCGS Henry Larsen in Petermann Fjord, Greenland, by ice island in August 2012. Canadian Coast Guard Ice Navigation in Canadian Waters Record of Amendments RECORD OF AMENDMENTS TO ICE NAVIGATION IN CANADIAN WATERS (2012 VERSION) FROM MONTHLY NOTICES TO MARINERS NOTICES TO INSERTED DATE SUBJECT MARINERS # BY Note: Any inquiries as to the contents of this publication or reports of errors or omissions should be directed to [email protected] Revised August 2012 Page i of 153 Canadian Coast Guard Ice Navigation in Canadian Waters Foreword FOREWORD Ice Navigation in Canadian Waters is published by the Canadian Coast Guard in collaboration with Transport Canada Marine Safety, the Canadian Ice Service of Environment Canada and the Canadian Hydrographic Service of Fisheries and Oceans Canada. The publication is intended to assist ships operating in ice in all Canadian waters, including the Arctic. This document will provide Masters and watchkeeping crew of vessels transiting Canadian ice-covered waters with the necessary understanding of the regulations, shipping support services, hazards and navigation techniques in ice. Chapter 1, Icebreaking and Shipping Support Services, pertains to operational considerations, such as communications and reporting requirements as well as ice advisories and icebreaker support within Canadian waters. Chapter 2, Regulations and Guidelines provides a summary of information on regulations and guidelines for vessels transiting ice covered waters. Chapter 3, Ice Climatology and Environmental Conditions covers information on the Canadian ice and weather environment. Chapter 4, Navigation in Ice Covered Waters, is instructional in nature, with information provided to help familiarise inexperienced personnel with passage planning, navigation procedures in ice, vessel performance in ice, and other essential operating procedures. Chapter 5, Ship Design and Construction for Ice Operations provides the mariner with basic information on engineering, hull and auxiliary systems for vessels operating in ice. NOTE: Nothing written here will have precedence over the Canada Shipping Act and the Arctic Waters Pollution Prevention Act, nor should the following material be quoted as representing them. Revised August 2012 Page iii of 153 Canadian Coast Guard Ice Navigation in Canadian Waters Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 ICEBREAKING AND SHIPPING SUPPORT SERVICES ............................................1 1.1 GENERAL .......................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 COMMUNICATIONS ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 CANADIAN COAST GUARD ICE OPERATIONS CENTRES ................................................................... 2 1.4 WINTER NAVIGATION IN SOUTHERN CANADA ................................................................................ 3 1.4.1 Reporting Requirements ..................................................................................................... 3 1.4.2 Newfoundland and Labrador .............................................................................................. 4 1.4.3 Maritime Provinces ............................................................................................................. 4 1.4.4 Gulf of St. Lawrence and St. Lawrence River .................................................................... 5 1.4.5 St. Lawrence Seaway .......................................................................................................... 5 1.5 ARCTIC WATERS INCLUDING HUDSON BAY AND HUDSON STRAIT................................................. 6 1.5.1 Reporting Requirements ..................................................................................................... 6 1.5.2 Northern Canada Vessel Traffic Services System .............................................................. 6 1.6 CANADIAN ICE SERVICE - ENVIRONMENT CANADA ........................................................................ 8 1.7 ENVIRONMENT CANADA STORM PREDICTION CENTRES ................................................................. 9 1.7.1 Weather Forecasts for Marine Areas .................................................................................. 9 1.7.2 Weather Charts for Marine Areas ....................................................................................... 9 1.8 METAREAS AND NAVAREAS ................................................................................................... 10 1.9 NAVTEX SERVICE ........................................................................................................................... 11 1.10 WINTER AIDS TO NAVIGATION IN CANADIAN WATERS ................................................................ 11 1.11 ICEBREAKING SERVICE FEE ........................................................................................................... 12 CHAPTER 2 REGULATIONS AND GUIDELINES ............................................................................ 13 2.1 GENERAL ........................................................................................................................................ 13 2.2 CHARTS AND NAUTICAL PUBLICATIONS REGULATIONS, 1995 ..................................................... 13 2.3 MARINE MACHINERY REGULATIONS ............................................................................................. 13 2.4 SUPPLEMENTARY PUBLICATIONS .................................................................................................. 14 2.5 REGULATIONS AND GUIDELINES FOR SOUTHERN CANADIAN ICE COVERED WATERS ................. 15 2.5.1 Joint Industry - Government Guidelines for the Control of Oil Tankers and Bulk Chemical Carriers in Ice Control Zones of Eastern Canada (JIGs) TP15163 ................... 15 2.5.2 Guidelines for Navigation Under the Confederation Bridge TP 13681 ............................ 16 2.5.3 Winter Navigation on the River and Gulf of St. Lawrence TP 14355 .............................. 16 2.5.4 Interim Standards for the Construction, Equipment & Operation of Passenger Ships in the Sea Ice Areas of Eastern Canada TP 8941 .................................................................. 16 2.6 REGULATIONS AND GUIDELINES FOR THE CANADIAN ARCTIC ..................................................... 16 2.6.1 Arctic Shipping Pollution Prevention Regulations (ASPPR) ........................................... 17 2.6.2 Arctic Pollution Prevention Certificate ............................................................................. 17 2.6.3 Equivalent Standards for the Construction of Arctic Class Ships - TP 12260 .................. 18 2.6.4 Guidelines for Ships Operating in Polar Waters ............................................................... 21 2.6.5 Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW) Code ..... 21 2.6.6 Polar Classes ..................................................................................................................... 22 2.6.7 Arctic Ice Regime Shipping System (AIRSS) Standards - TP 12259 .............................. 22 2.6.7.1 Ice Regime Routing Message ........................................................................................................................ 23 2.6.7.2 After Action Report ....................................................................................................................................... 24 2.6.8 Ice Navigator ..................................................................................................................... 25 Revised August 2012 Page v of 153 Ice Navigation in Canadian Waters Canadian Coast Guard Table of Contents 2.6.9 Arctic Ice Regime Shipping System Pictorial Guide (AIRSS) - TP 14044 ...................... 26 2.6.9.1 Characterizing the Ice Regime ...................................................................................................................... 26 2.6.9.2 Ice Multiplier ................................................................................................................................................ 27 2.6.9.3 Calculating the Ice Numeral ......................................................................................................................... 27 2.6.9.4 Factors that may affect Ice Multipliers ......................................................................................................... 28 2.6.9.5 Examples of Ice Regimes and their Ice Numeral Calculations ..................................................................... 29 2.6.9.6 Negative Ice Numerals .................................................................................................................................. 30 2.6.10 Guidelines for the Operation of Passenger Vessels in Canadian Arctic Waters TP 13670 ...............................................................................................................................