HISTORIC RESOURCES SURVEY UPDATE OCEAN PARK Final Draft June 2004 City of Santa Monica, California Prepared for: City of Santa Monica 1685 Main Street Santa Monica, CA 90407-2200 Prepared by: HISTORIC RESOURCES GROUP, LLC 1728 Whitley Avenue Hollywood, CA 90028-4809 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.......................................................................................................................... 1 I. PROJECT DESCRIPTION.............................................................................................................2 Background ................................................................................................................................................ 2 Survey Area................................................................................................................................................ 4 Designated Landmarks, Structures of Merit, and Historic Districts........................................................... 4 Potentially Eligible Properties Currently Listed in the Inventory .............................................................. 6 Properties Listed in the National Register.................................................................................................. 7 II. METHODOLOGY........................................................................................................................... 9 Objectives................................................................................................................................................... 9 Survey Process ........................................................................................................................................... 9 Evaluation and Documentation ................................................................................................................ 11 State DPR Continuation Sheets................................................................................................................ 11 National Register Status Codes ................................................................................................................ 12 Definitions................................................................................................................................................ 12 III. HISTORIC CONTEXT ................................................................................................................. 15 Key Themes in the Development of Ocean Park ..................................................................................... 15 Ocean Park Before 1940........................................................................................................................... 17 Ocean Park 1940-1968............................................................................................................................. 23 Apartment Construction ........................................................................................................................... 25 Redevelopment......................................................................................................................................... 26 Pacific Ocean Park (POP) ........................................................................................................................ 27 Neighborhood and Social Changes .......................................................................................................... 27 New Forms of Recreation: Fitness, Surfing, and Skateboarding ............................................................. 27 Selected Timeline of Major Events .......................................................................................................... 29 IV. ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER............................................................................................ 32 Previously Identified Architectural Styles................................................................................................ 32 Identifying Post-1940 Architecture .......................................................................................................... 32 Property Types, Building Forms, and Architectural Styles 1940 to 1968................................................ 34 V. RESULTS........................................................................................................................................ 40 Previously Identified Potential Landmarks .............................................................................................. 41 Newly Identified Potential Landmarks..................................................................................................... 42 Previously Identified Potential Historic Districts..................................................................................... 42 Properties Individually Eligible for the National Register ....................................................................... 45 Historic Districts Eligible for the National Register................................................................................. 45 Inventory Update and Future Maintenance .............................................................................................. 46 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...................................................................................................................................... 59 HISTORIC RESOURCES SURVEY UPDATE, Ocean Park Page i HISTORIC RESOURCES GROUP Final Draft, June 2004 APPENDICES Appendix A: Field Survey Forms Appendix B: Revised National Register Status Codes Appendix C: Properties in Previously Identified or Potential Historic Districts (excluding South Beach) Appendix D: Properties in South Beach Appendix E: Properties 1940-1968 Appendix F: All Eligible Properties Surveyed Appendix G: All Non-Eligible Properties Surveyed Appendix H: Properties Worthy of Consideration Appendix I: Update/Continuation Sheets for Previously Evaluated Properties (excluding South Beach) Appendix J: Update/Continuation Sheets for Previously Evaluated Properties in South Beach Appendix K: DPRs for Newly Identified Eligible Properties 1940-1968 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Designated Santa Monica Landmarks in Ocean Park..................................................................... 4 Table 2: Contributors to Designated Historic Districts in Ocean Park......................................................... 5 Table 3: Previously Identified Potential Landmarks in Ocean Park. ............................................................ 6 Table 4: Previously Identified Potential Historic Districts in Ocean Park.................................................... 7 Table 5: Properties Currently Listed in the National Register in Ocean Park. ............................................. 7 Table 6: Status of Previously Identified Potential Landmarks in Ocean Park............................................. 41 Table 7: Newly Identified Potential Landmarks in Ocean Park. ................................................................. 42 Table 8: Status of Previously Identified Potential Historic Districts in Ocean Park................................... 42 Table 9: Ocean Park Bungalow Courts Eligible Individually and as District Contributors. ...................... 44 Table 10: Properties Individually Eligible for the National Register in Ocean Park.................................. 45 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Map of Previous Surveys and Designated Resources in Ocean Park........................................... 3 Figure 2: Map of Designated Santa Monica City Landmarks and Historic Districts................................... 8 Figure 3: Map of Properties by Date of Construction ................................................................................ 19 Figure 4: Map of Properties Constructed Before 1920. ............................................................................. 20 Figure 5: Map of Properties Constructed 1920-1939................................................................................. 21 Figure 6: Map of Properties Constructed 1940-1968................................................................................. 22 Figure 7: Building Forms and Architectural Styles in Ocean Park 1940 to 1968...................................... 39 Figure 8: Map of Eligible Properties.......................................................................................................... 47 Figure 9: Map of the 2000-2100 Block 3rd Street District .......................................................................... 48 Figure 10: Map of the 2500 Block 3rd Street/2400-2500 Block 4th Street District...................................... 49 Figure 11: Map of the 3000 Block 3rd Street District.................................................................................. 50 Figure 12: Map of the 2400-2500 Block 6th Street District......................................................................... 51 Figure 13: Map of the 3100 Block 6th Street District.................................................................................. 52 Figure 14: Map of the 600 Block Ashland Avenue District ........................................................................53 Figure 15: Map of the 2600-2700 Block Highland Avenue District ........................................................... 54 Figure 16: Map of the Ocean Park Bungalow Courts ................................................................................ 55 Figure 17: Map of South Beach District