COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS ANNUAL REPORT July 1,1998 - June 30,1999 Main Office Washington Office The Harold Pratt House 1779 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. 58 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10021 Washington, DC 20036 Tel. (212) 434-9400; Fax (212) 861-•1789 TTele . (202) 518-3400; Fax (202) 986-2984 Website www.cfr.org E-mail communications@cfr. org Officers and Directors, 1999–2000 Officers Directors Term Expiring 2004 Peter G. Peterson Term Expiring 2000 John Deutch Chairman of the Board Jessica P.Einhorn Carla A. Hills Maurice R. Greenberg Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Robert D. Hormats* Vice Chairman Maurice R. Greenberg William J. McDonough* Leslie H. Gelb Theodore C. Sorensen President George J. Mitchell George Soros* Michael P.Peters Warren B. Rudman Senior Vice President, Chief Operating Term Expiring 2001 Leslie H. Gelb Officer, and National Director ex officio Lee Cullum Paula J. Dobriansky Vice President, Washington Program Mario L. Baeza Honorary Officers David Kellogg Thomas R. Donahue and Directors Emeriti Vice President, Corporate Affairs, Richard C. Holbrooke Douglas Dillon and Publisher Peter G. Peterson† Caryl P.Haskins Lawrence J. Korb Robert B. Zoellick Charles McC. Mathias Jr. Vice President, Studies David Rockefeller Term Expiring 2002 Elise Carlson Lewis Honorary Chairman Vice President, Membership Paul A. Allaire and Fellowship Affairs Robert A. Scalapino Roone Arledge Abraham F. Lowenthal Cyrus R.Vance John E. Bryson Vice President Glenn E. Watts Kenneth W. Dam Anne R. Luzzatto Vice President, Meetings Frank Savage Janice L. Murray Laura D’Andrea Tyson Vice President and Treasurer Term Expiring 2003 Judith Gustafson Secretary Peggy Dulany Martin S. Feldstein Bette Bao Lord Vincent A. Mai Michael H. Moskow Garrick Utley *Appointed in 1999 by the Board of Directors. †Elected in 1996 by the Board of Directors to serve a five-year term as Chairman, in accordance with By-Law VII. Note: The list of Officers and Directors is current as of September 1, 1999. 2 CONTENTS Officers and Directors 2 Mission Statement 5 Letter from the Chairman 6 Letter from the Vice Chairman 8 The President's Report 10 Council Goals 12 Studies 16 National Security 17 International Economics 21 Asia 23 Africa 25 Europe 25 Latin America 26 Middle East 27 Peace and Conflict 29 Preventive Action 30 Science and Technology 32 U.S. Foreign Policy 33 Other 34 Fellows 34 Special Fellowships 44 International Affairs Fellowships 43 Named Chairs and Fellowships 47 Foreign Affairs 48 Meetings 52 Program Highlights 57 Policy Impact Panels 61 Lectureships 62 Washington 63 Program Highlights 65 National 69 National Program Events 70 Pacific Council on International Policy 74 Corporate 75 Program Highlights 77 Corporate Program Members 79 Term Member Program 81 CONTENTS Communications 86 Publishing 87 Development 90 1999 Board Election 99 Committees of the Board, 1998-99 100 International Advisory Board 102 By-Laws of the Council 103 Rules, Guidelines, and Practices 107 Historical Roster of Directors and Officers 109 Budget and Finance 112 Staff 120 Membership 124 Membership Selection Procedure 125 Membership Roster 127 The Council's Annual Report is designed to focus attention on the in­ tellectual substance of the organization's activities. A detailed listing of all programs and events is available on the Council's website at www.cfr.org. Mission Statement he Council on Foreign Relations was founded in 1921 likely. By marshaling Council resources—policy research, pub- by businessmen, bankers, and lawyers determined to lications, national reach, and televised debates—CPIs present T policy choices with the aim of stimulating a national dialogue. keep the United States engaged in the world. Today, the Council is composed of men and women from all walks of interna- CPIs reach their audience in three ways: a short book of presi- tional life and from all parts of America, dedicated to the belief that dential-style policy speeches, each presenting a different op- the nation’s peace and prosperity are firmly linked to that of the rest tion, along with a cover memo as if written by a top-level of the world. From this flows the Council’s mission: to foster presidential adviser; nationally televised debates presenting America’s understanding of other nations—their peoples, cul- the speeches; and similar debates in key U.S. cities to reach tures, histories, hopes, quarrels, and ambitions—and thus to community leaders. serve our nation through study and debate, private and public. Great Debates bring together experts to discuss and clarify The Council is a national membership organization and think topical foreign policy issues. And Foreign Affairs often antici- tank with headquarters in New York, offices in Washington, D.C., pates future foreign policy problems and educates its influen- and programs nationwide. Its widely respected and influential re- tial international readership. search staff—with backgrounds in government and scholarship in 2. Transform the Council into a truly national organization most international subjects—regularly meets with Council mem- to benefit from the expertise and experience of leaders bers and other leaders and thinkers. These exclusive sessions, nationwide. The Council aims to energize foreign policy dis- known as study groups or roundtables, form the Council’s intel- cussions across the country. And as Council membership out- lectual core. The aim is to provide insights into international affairs side New York and Washington, D.C., continues to grow and and to develop new ideas for U.S. foreign policy, particularly na- diversify, the Council creates new ways to involve these mem- tional security and foreign economic policy. Council Fellows pro- bers in intellectual dialogue. The four principal means of in- duce books, articles, and op-ed pieces and regularly contribute volvement are through a special members’ area of the expert commentary on television and radio. Council’s website, at an annual National Conference, at din- The Council also publishes Foreign Affairs, the leading periodi- ner seminars based on Study Groups and independent task cal in the field.This magazine has been host to the most important forces in key cities around the country, and through an inter- articles about world affairs in this century. active videoconferencing system. The Council’s 3,600 members are divided almost equally 3. Find and nurture the next generation of foreign policy among New York, Washington, D.C., and the rest of the nation. leaders and thinkers. The Council does this primarily They include nearly all current and former senior U.S. government through a special term membership program for younger officials who deal with international matters; renowned scholars; Americans and a “Next Generation Fellows” program that and leaders of business, media, human rights, humanitarian, and brings outstanding younger scholars onto the Council staff, as other nongovernmental groups. Council members choose new well as the International Affairs Fellowships and several other members, who aim to educate themselves and then others. fellowship programs. These programs aim to spark interest The Council is host to the widest possible range of views and and participation in world affairs and U.S. foreign policy. advocate of none. It cultivates an atmosphere of nonpartisanship and nonideological engagement among members and staff. The In recent months, Council members have heard Madeleine K. views expressed in Council-sponsored independent task force re- Albright, Kofi Annan, James A. Baker III, Warren Christopher, ports, by members of study groups, or in articles in Foreign Affairs Henry A. Kissinger, and George P. Shultz offer their views of chal- are solely the responsibility of the respective authors or groups. lenges the United States will face in the next century; Charlene This tradition of impartiality enables the Council to gather con- Barshefsky, Anatoly Chubais, Bill Clinton, Stanley Fischer, Paul tending voices for serious and civil debate and discussion. That Krugman, Lee Kuan Yew, George Soros, and James D. Wolfensohn special convening power is unique in American society. discuss the global economy; William S. Cohen and the Joint Chiefs In keeping with its mission, membership, and heritage, the of Staff evaluate future defense policy; King Abdullah, Olusegun Council now pursues three goals: Obasanjo, Andres Pastrana, and Grigory Yavlinsky discuss, respec- tively, the future of Jordan, Nigeria, Colombia, and Russia; Richard 1. Add value by improving understanding of world affairs Butler, Richard Holbrooke, and George Mitchell muse on war and and by providing new ideas for U.S. foreign policy. The peace; John Kerry and John McCain suggest foreign policy priori- Council does this in many ways. ties for campaign 2000; William M. Daley, Hosni Mubarak, and Bill The Council will sponsor an independent task force when Richardson address business opportunities in the Middle East; an issue arises of current and critical importance to U.S. foreign Thomas L. Friedman, Bill Gates, and Muhammad Yunus expand policy, and it seems that a group diverse in backgrounds and on their recent books; and Michel Camdessus and Lawrence perspectives may nonetheless be able to reach a meaningful Summers consider the future international financial architecture. policy consensus through private and nonpartisan deliberations. As much as at any time during its nearly eight decades, the Council Policy Initiatives (CPIs) focus on current foreign Council on Foreign Relations today serves its members and the policy issues of great importance where consensus seems un- nation with ideas for a better and safer world. 5 Letter from the Chairman ouncil members around the country fill my Permit me one aside here before I go on further about Cmind this year, particularly. Our Board of Di- our national program. One of the evening’s attendees rectors and staff did me great honor in Janu- who rose to roast me was Ted Sorensen, a very helpful ary with an evening I shall never forget—a dinner Board Director, fellow Nebraskan, and good friend .